Frontline Conversations

Frontline Conversations

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Frontline Conversations episodes

  • Delhi blast: Ex-IB Chief Yashovardhan Azad on India’s security gaps

    In this episode of Frontline Conversations, former IPS officer and security expert Yashovardhan Jha Azad speaks about the recent bomb blast in Delhi and what it reveals about India’s internal security landscape. Drawing on his decades of experience in the Intelligence Bureau and the Government of India, Azad describes the attack as an inflection point—one that exposes gaps in policing, community vigilance, intelligence coordination and the limits of over-reliance on technology.

    Azad explains how the module behind the blast operated undetected for over two years, why human intelligence remains irreplaceable despite digital tools, and how radicalisation among educated professionals poses a long-term national threat. He also reflects on federal security management, the evolving nature of terrorism beyond Kashmir, and the need for political leadership in counter-terror strategy.
    Highlights:
    -Why the Delhi blast is a “reality check” and an inflection point for India’s internal security
    -How over-dependence on technology has weakened human intelligence networks
    -The dangers of radicalisation among educated youth, doctors and professionals
    -Why community policing and societal vigilance failed to detect the module
    -The need for political leadership, state-driven deradicalisation, and reinstating trust in democratic processes
    Perfect for those interested in:
    -Internal security, policing and counter-terrorism in India
    -The evolution and tracking of terror networks
    -Radicalisation patterns and challenges for intelligence agencies
    -Naxalism, Manipur’s crisis and shifting national security priorities
    -Policy debates on human intelligence, surveillance, and federal-state cooperation
    Credits:
    Host: Ashutosh Sharma
    Camera: Vedaant Lakhera and Vitasta Kaul
    Editing: Razal Pareed
    Producers: Mridula Vijayarangakumar and Kavya Pradeep M
    Subscribe to Frontline: https://frontline.thehindu.com/online...

    Originally published on December 2, 2025

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    28 min
  • Why India exists because of the monsoon | Author Sunil Tambe explains

    In this episode of Frontline Conversations, author Sunil Tambe, discusses his Marathi book Monsoon Jan Gan Man, which argues that the monsoon—not religion, language, or ethnicity—is the true binding force of the Indian subcontinent. In a political moment dominated by hyper-majoritarian nationalism, Tambe suggests that understanding India requires understanding the monsoon: its ecology, its rhythms, and the civilisations it has shaped.

    Tambe traces how monsoon-dependent water cycles structured India’s social and economic life. He explains how caste emerged as an adaptive system of resource distribution, how Arab- and China-driven maritime trade fostered coastal cosmopolitanism and religious tolerance, and how monsoon-linked agrarian abundance powered empires from the Cauvery delta to Southeast Asia. As climate change disrupts rainfall, glaciers, coastal lines, and livelihoods across Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India, he warns that monsoon nationalism—not religious nationalism—might be the more urgent political idea for our era.
    Highlights

    • How the monsoon acts as South Asia’s centripetal cultural force
    • Why caste evolved from ecological constraints and resource adaptation
    • How monsoon winds created cosmopolitan coasts, trade networks, and religious pluralism
    • The monsoon logic behind India’s two agricultural seasons and festival calendars
    • Why the Cauvery delta’s dual monsoons fuelled Chola expansion into Southeast Asia
    • How new states increasingly align with IMD’s monsoon subdivisions
      • Students of environmental history, anthropology, and South Asian studies
      • Researchers studying caste ecology, maritime trade, and climate politics
      • Policy analysts examining state formation, hydrology, and resource conflicts
      • Readers curious about the cultural and political logic of the monsoon
      • Perfect for
        Credits
        Host: Amey Tirodkar
        Camera: Emmanuel Jackkie Karbhari
        Editing: Razal Pareed
        Producer: Mridula Vijayarangakumar

        Originally published on November 22, 2025

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        #monsoonjanaganaman #suniltambe #frontlineconversations #monsoonnationalism #southasia #maritimetrade #casteecology #indianmonsoon #climatechange #cauverydelta #cholaempire #southasianhistory #environmentalhistory #imd #monsoonsubdivisions #indianfestivals #coastalcosmopolitanism #maritimeindia
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        20 min
      • What makes Serendipity Arts Festival so unique? Sunil Kant Munjal explains.

        In this episode of Frontline Conversations, Sunil Kant Munjal—Chairman of Hero Enterprise and Founder-Patron of the Serendipity Arts Festival—speaks about the making of one of India’s most unique cultural platforms. Now in its 10th year, the festival in Panaji, Goa, brings together visual arts, theatre, music, dance, literature, culinary arts, craft, and new-media practices on a scale unmatched in the country.

        Munjal traces the festival’s evolution from an unconventional idea to a global, interdisciplinary space that welcomes over a lakh visitors a day and artists from more than 30 countries. He speaks about why business leaders must engage with the arts, why Goa became the festival’s home, and how Serendipity bridges tradition and technology—from tribal and artisanal practices to AI, NFTs, and future-facing art forms.
        He discusses the festival as a space for expression in a time of shrinking creative freedoms, the role of philanthropy in sustaining the arts, and his vision for the next decade: deeper research, year-round initiatives, and permanent institutions that nurture creativity beyond the annual event.
        Highlights:
        -How an ambitious idea became India’s only truly interdisciplinary arts festival
        -The mix of heritage, craft, technology, AI, and future media
        -Why business leaders make better decisions when exposed to the arts
        -Culinary arts as culture—and why food deserves the same space as performance
        -Art as expression without disruption: creating a neutral space for dialogue
        Perfect for:
        -Followers of Indian arts and culture
        -Students of interdisciplinary and contemporary art
        -Creators, curators, and cultural practitioners
        Credits:
        Host: Mridula Vijayarangakumar
        Camera: Kavya Pradeep M
        Editing: Razal Pareed
        Producers: Mridula Vijayarangakumar and Kavya Pradeep M

        Originally published on November 17, 2025

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        11 min
      • Why are human-tiger conflicts growing in India? Ullas Karanth explains

        In this episode of Frontline Conversations, wildlife biologist K. Ullas Karanth, one of the world’s foremost tiger conservation experts, examines the recent spike in human–tiger conflict around Bandipur National Park. Drawing on decades of field research in Nagarhole, Bandipur, and other Western Ghats reserves, Karanth explains why rising tiger densities, habitat manipulation, and irrational human responses are driving dangerous encounters.

        Karanth argues that while tiger numbers have grown in protected areas, this growth is not entirely natural. He sharply critiques India’s tiger census numbers, calling them poorly collected and scientifically unsound, and explains why once-in-four-years surveys fail to capture natural fluctuations in tiger populations. Drawing from 30 years of rigorous camera-trap monitoring, he details how real conservation science requires annual estimates, mortality data, and independent ecological auditing—not bureaucratic control and token surveys.
        From the politics of creating new tiger reserves to the failures of current forest bureaucracy, Karanth lays out why India needs independent ecological science, rational management, and an expansion of protected areas if long-term tiger conservation is to succeed.
        Context
        Four recent attacks near Bandipur—including three fatalities—have renewed debate on whether rising tiger numbers, habitat mismanagement, and chaotic local responses are making coexistence increasingly fragile. With villagers, forest staff, and conservationists facing escalating conflict, the need for grounded science has never been more urgent.
        Highlights:

        • Why tiger densities have exceeded ecological limits
        • Artificial habitat manipulation and inflated prey numbers
        • The limits of “coexistence” at the scale of individual parks
        • Why India’s official tiger estimates are scientifically flawed
        • When conflict erupts: distinguishing fear-driven attacks from true man-eaters
        • Why rescue, translocation, and cage-based solutions often fail
        • The need for independent ecological auditing and evidence-based management
          • Students of wildlife biology, ecology, and conservation science
          • Researchers studying predator–prey dynamics and protected area governance
          • Journalists covering environmental policy and human–wildlife conflict
          • Forest officers, policymakers, and conservation practitioners
          • Citizens concerned about tiger conservation and rural livelihoods
          • Perfect for:
            Credits:
            Host: Vikhar Ahmed Sayeed
            Camera: Rabi Debnath
            Editing: Sumiesh S.
            Producers: Kavya Pradeep M and Mridula Vijayarangakumar

            Originally published on November 15, 2025

            Subscribe to Frontline: https://frontline.thehindu.com/online...#ullaskaranth #tigerconservation #humanwildlifeconflict #bandipurtigerreserve #nagarholenationalpark #wildlifebiology #tigerattacks #mananimalconflict #westernghats #projecttiger #wildlifeconservation #ecologyindia #forestdept #predatorpreydynamics #karnatakawildlife #tigerreservesindia #conservationscience #bigcatsindia #environment
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            35 min
          • Prashant Bhushan on SIR, voter deletions, and the ECI’s credibility crisis

            In this episode of Frontline Conversations, lawyer and activist Prashant Bhushan speaks with Frontline about the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls and the growing concerns over voter disenfranchisement, transparency, and political manipulation. Bhushan dissects the Election Commission of India's (ECI) opaque process, alleging that the SIR risks becoming a tool to exclude minorities and dissenting voters rather than purify the rolls.

            He outlines how flawed verification mechanisms, arbitrary deletions, and a lack of public oversight could undermine electoral integrity across India, and warns that without transparency, social audits, and independent oversight, the revision exercise could erode faith in democracy itself.
            Highlights:

            • Why the SIR risks excluding legitimate voters under the guise of “purification”
            • Allegations of centralised voter roll manipulation and data misuse
            • The ECI's selective response to political complaints
            • How Aadhaar, citizenship rules, and arbitrary deletions intersect to disenfranchise the poor
            • A proposal for transparent, booth-level social audits of electoral rolls
              • Electoral democracy and institutional accountability in India
              • The politics of disenfranchisement and citizenship
              • Election Commission reforms and digital transparency
              • Bihar’s SIR controversy and its national implications
              • The intersection of democracy, technology, and civil rights
              • Perfect for those interested in:
                Credits:
                Interviewer: Soni Mishra
                Camera: Vedaant Lakhera and Vitasta Kaul
                Editing: Razal Pareed
                Producers: Kavya Pradeep M and Mridula Vijayarangakumar

                Originally published on November 13, 2025

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                29 min
              • BJP is no longer denying caste; it is managing it politically: Anand Teltumbde

                In this episode of Frontline Conversations, academic and author, Anand Teltumbde speaks with Frontline’s Amey Tirodkar about his latest book, The Caste Con Census, and the turbulent debate over the caste census in India. Teltumbde questions whether enumeration can dismantle caste or whether it risks reinforcing the very hierarchies it claims to challenge.

                He traces how colonial censuses transformed caste into a rigid, state-certified order, argues that today’s push for a caste census risks repeating those mistakes, and dissects how both the BJP and Congress are weaponising caste data for political gain. He warns that without genuine redistribution and structural reform, a caste census could deepen social fragmentation while masking the state’s failure in education, health, and livelihood.
                Highlights:

                • How colonial censuses turned caste from a fluid practice into a rigid hierarchy
                • Why counting caste may not cure inequality
                • The BJP’s strategic embrace of the caste census and its political motives
                • Congress’s late but tactical shift toward social justice and representation
                • Why data without redistribution can’t dismantle caste or economic inequality
                  • Caste politics and social justice in India
                  • Historical roots of colonial classification
                  • The Bihar 2025 election and the politics of caste
                  • The intersection of caste, class, and neoliberalism
                  • Perfect for those interested in:
                    Credits:
                    Interview by Amey Tirodkar
                    Camera: Emmanual Jackkie Karbhari
                    Editing: Razal Pareed
                    Produced by Mridula Vijayarangakumar

                    Originally published on November 8, 2025

                    Subscribe to Frontline: https://frontline.thehindu.com/online...
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                    58 min
                  • Being Tamil is an identity you acquire by doing, by speaking, by belonging: Vignesh Rajahmani

                    In the latest episode of Frontline Conversations, senior journalist Nirupama Subramanian speaks with Vignesh Rajahmani, author of "The Dravidian Pathway: How the DMK Redefined Power and Identity in South India". The discussion explores how a century-old social reform movement evolved into a durable political force that reshaped Tamil Nadu’s social and political landscape. Rajahmani traces the movement’s early roots from the Justice Party, to its formation under Periyar and Annadurai, and its transformation into a political organisation grounded in social justice, linguistic pride, and regional identity.

                    The conversation also examines the Dravidian model’s contemporary relevance—its achievements in welfare and governance, its internal contradictions, and the challenges it faces in a changing political climate. From the DMK’s innovative use of reading rooms to its evolving ideological stance, Rajahmani offers a layered account of how ideas of equality, language, and power continue to define Tamil politics.
                    Perfect for:
                    -Students and scholars of political science, sociology, and South Asian studies
                    -Journalists and readers interested in Tamil Nadu’s political history
                    -Followers of Dravidian politics and social justice movements
                    -Anyone curious about how ideas of language, identity, and power shape Indian democracy
                    -Viewers seeking context on the DMK’s evolution and its continuing influence
                    Credits:
                    Host: Nirupama Subramanian
                    Editing: Razal Pareed
                    Producer: Saatvika Radhakrishna and Kavya Pradeep M

                    Originally published on November 7, 2025

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                    44 min
                  • Bihar election 2025: Why CPI(M-L) is a big factor this time | Dipankar explains

                    In this episode of Frontline Conversations, Dipankar, General Secretary of the CPI(M-L) Liberation, speaks with Vaishna Roy, Frontline’s editor and Anand Mishra, Frontline’s Political Editor, about the shifting political landscape in Bihar ahead of the 2025 elections.

                    Dipankar analyses why the Left’s grassroots presence in Bihar has grown, how feudalism and fascism intersect, and what the INDIA bloc’s prospects are against the BJP-JDU alliance. He also examines Bihar’s “flyover-and-bypass model” of development, the State’s agrarian and employment crisis, and the structural neglect that continues to push workers out of the State.
                    He discusses subaltern Hindutva, caste and class politics, and the enduring need for land reform, social justice, and economic empowerment. The conversation also looks at the decline of Nitish Kumar’s appeal, questions of secularism and representation, and the rise and limits of new political experiments such as Prashant Kishor’s Jan Suraaj.
                    Highlights:
                    -Why CPI(M-L) has emerged as a key factor in Bihar’s 2025 election
                    -Dipankar on the “flyover-bypass” model of development and the collapse of governance
                    -Bihar’s struggle with migration, jobs, and agrarian reform
                    -The caste–class–gender intersection in Left politics
                    -Feudal restoration, fascism, and Hindutva in Bihar
                    Watch if you’re interested in:
                    -Indian electoral politics and the 2025 Bihar election
                    -Left and socialist movements in India
                    -Caste, class, and ideology in regional politics
                    -Agrarian reform, labour, and economic justice
                    Credits:
                    Interview by: Vaishna Roy and Anand Mishra
                    Camera: Ranjan Rahi
                    Editing: Razal Pareed
                    Produced by: Team Frontline

                    Originally published on November 4, 2025

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                    44 min
                  • Frontline Exclusive | I’m asking the RSS to follow the law of the land: Priyank Kharge

                    In this exclusive interview with Frontline, Priyank Kharge, Karnataka’s Minister of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Information Technology, and Biotechnology, discusses his call to regulate RSS and other organisations’ activities in government schools, colleges, and public spaces.

                    On October 4, Kharge wrote to Chief Minister Siddaramaiah, urging restrictions on RSS activities in government institutions and public areas. The letter ignited political controversy, with the BJP accusing him of targeting the organisation for political purposes. His appeal came just two days after the RSS celebrated its centenary with processions across the State. Kharge’s key demand: any organisation using government or public spaces must obtain prior permission from the authorities.
                    In the interview, he elaborates on his position, questions the RSS’s funding sources and regulatory exemptions, and responds to criticisms of his stance.
                    Highlights:

                    • Why Priyank Kharge called for regulating RSS activities
                    • The legal and constitutional issues around public space use
                    • RSS’s centenary and questions over its funding and registration
                    • Historical Congress-RSS tensions and their present implications
                    • Kharge’s views on radicalisation, caste, and economic empowerment
                    • The wider debate on equality, democracy, and ideological accountability
                      • Students of Indian politics, governance, and constitutional law
                      • Journalists and policy researchers studying the RSS and state institutions
                      • Political science and sociology students exploring ideology and power
                      • Those interested in Karnataka politics, Congress strategy, and secular governance
                      • Perfect for:
                        Credits:
                        Host: Vikhar Ahmed Sayeed
                        Camera: K. Murali Kumar
                        Editing: Razal Pareed
                        Producer: Mridula Vijayarangakumar


                        Originally published on October 18, 2025.

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                        29 min
                      • Ghatam player Sumana: Breaking barriers in Carnatic music

                        In this episode of Frontline Conversations, ghatam player Sumana Chandrashekar shares her journey as one of the few women percussionists in Carnatic music. In her new memoir, “Song of the Clay Pot – My Journey With the Ghatam”, she traces her path from a mystical calling to mastering an instrument long at the margins of tradition.

                        Guided by her guru Sukanya Ramgopal—the first woman ghatam artist—Sumana recounts her apprenticeship with maestros and traditional makers in Manamadurai, her reflections on caste and craft, and the challenges of relearning to play after COVID. She explores the ghatam itself—a deceptively simple clay pot that holds a world of sounds—and its long history of invisibility and quiet endurance.
                        Watch the exclusive interview as Sumana performs live, discusses her signature style, and shares what it means to find one’s calling, break barriers, and sustain a rhythm all on her own.
                        Highlights:
                        -How a mystical dream led Sumana to the ghatam
                        -Training with India's iconic woman percussion guru
                        -Gender barriers and the evolution of women in Carnatic percussion
                        -The craftsmanship of Manamadurai’s ghatam makers
                        -Overcoming health and artistic setbacks during COVID
                        -The meaning and symbolism of her performance turban
                        Perfect for:
                        -Listeners of Indian classical music
                        -Students of art, craft, and gender
                        -Musicians and percussion enthusiasts
                        -Anyone drawn to stories of resilience and creative faith
                        Credits:
                        Host: Vikhar Ahmed Sayeed
                        Camera: Kavya Pradeep M and Mridula Vijayarangakumar
                        Creative assistance: Saatvika Radhakrishna
                        Editing: Razal Pareed
                        Producer: Kavya Pradeep M


                        Originally published on October 13, 2025.

                        Subscribe to Frontline: https://frontline.thehindu.com/online...
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                        45 min

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