In this second part looking at care of patients who have gained a return of Spontaneous Circulation, we discuss; reassessment and changing airway needs, how we can optimise ventilation for these patients. We look at the latest evidence in hyperoxia and temperature management as well as discussing inotropes, post ROSC adrenaline and blood pressure control.

Find previous episodes and the references used to make this episode on www.generalbroadcast.org.uk

Cardiac arrest is a situation that as paramedics and ambulance staff we are well prepared for. However, training can sometimes be limited around return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). What is post ROSC syndrome? How much adrenaline should we give to support blood pressure? and what is the latest evidence around theraputic hypothermia?

This month we're looking at the phase after cardiac arrest, and how we as paramedics and emergency clinicians should be managing it.

Find the article and our other episodes at www.generalbroadcast.org.uk

Impact brain apnoea is the cessation or disruption of the inate breathing mechanism following a blow to the head. Its possible for this to result in the death of patients without any visible damage to the brain or surrounding blood vessels.

This month we discuss this, the development of a hypoxic brain injury, the resultant catecholamine release or catacholamine "storm" and what ambulance crews and emergency clinicians can do to help treat these patients.

find the article and other podcasts at https://www.generalbroadcast.org.uk/

Prehospital Traumatic Cardiac Arrest (TCA) is a rare and particularly stressful presentation to paramedics and emergency clinicians.

We should be comfortable with the different algorithm rescusers should use in resuscitation and understand the reasonings for modifications in these low output states in trauma.

So, why dont we do chest compressions in a traumatic cardiac arrest? Should TCA's be given adrenaline and what does HOTT Stand for? We've got the answers to all this and more.

Find references and the article at www.generalbroadcast.org.uk

Pulmonary Embolism is a common emergency presentation to paramedics and emergency medicine clinicians.

We discuss why PEs cause right ventricular strain, the types of PE from massive, to submassive and subsegmental, how to work up and diagnose pulmonary embolism, how do D-Dimers work? and what are the high risk pulmonary embolism criteria.

Find the references and other episodes at www.generalbroadcast.org.uk

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All diving represents a hazard, as humans we're not designed to live under water. The deeper divers go and the longer they dive for, the greater the potential risks. Although the bends or decompression sickness, arterial gas embolisims and other diving related emergencies arent the most common presentation to emergency care clinicians. We thought it would be good to revise this medical presenation.

In partnership with our colleagues at HM Coastguard we've developed this CPD podcast. We talk to a Deepwater technical dive instructor from purpleturtle diving, and a dive doctor from DDRC healthcare.

With thanks to Toni from https://www.purpleturtlediving.com/

and Felix from https://www.ddrc.org/

We all make mistakes, its a natural part of the course of being human. What matters is that we're honest about these, learn from them and feel safe in a just culture where the focus will be on learning, rather than on puishment.

We spoke with consultant paramedic Andy Collen, author of the fantastic book "Decision making in paramedic practice" and medicines and prescribing project lead for the college of paramedics.

In this podcast we discussed making mistakes, blame culture, accountability, and how we can feel safe in our practice.

Patient safety should be the key aim at the heart of any healthcare system, including the NHS. Yet we know that every single day, patients come to avoidable harm as a result of errors and mistakes. Human Factors and CRM have become increasingly common schools of thought after the tragic Elaine Bromley case.

This month we look at the Human Factors at play in a pre-hospital RTC case study and consider how ambulance clinicians and first responders might be affected by these. We discuss Startle and Suprise, Amigdyla highjack, Bandwidth, Leadership and heirarchies within teams, communication skills and graduated language.

Find the article and references at www.generalbroadcast.org.uk

Heroin overdose or other opiate poisoning is an emergency that most paramedics and ambulance staff will be familiar with. However, there are some elements that can cause uncertainty for responders. What comes first CPR or naloxone? What are the signs of an opioid emergency? How much naloxone do you give to someone suffering from opioid toxicity?

This month we look at all that and more!

Find the article and our other episodes at www.generalbroadcast.org.uk

Content Warning

This podcast features discussion of suicide and hanging.

Hanging is one of the most common methods of suicide in the western world. Ambualnce crew are likely to come across these cases in the course of their work and so it is important that we understand the pathophysiology and managment of them.

This month we discuss how hanging causes cardiac arrest, clarrify commonly used terms, discuss the managment as well as emotional support for family and staff involved in these cases.

Make sure you debrief the incident, take care of your own emotional and mental health after incidents such as these. The ambulance staff crisis phone line is 0300 373 0898. Look after your health and that of your colleagues.