How Business Worked

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#dotcom #ai #money

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Written By: Sam

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SOURCES

https://www.nsf.gov/news/mosaic-launches-internet-revolution

https://www.nsf.gov/impacts/internet

https://www.fcc.gov/general/telecommunications-act-1996

https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/asian-financial-crisis

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FEDFUNDS

https://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/1996/19961205.htm

https://nvca.org/nvca-yearbook/

https://news.crunchbase.com/ai/big-funding-trends-charts-eoy-2025/

https://introl.com/blog/hyperscaler-capex-600b-2026-ai-infrastructure-debt-january-2026

https://fortune.com/2025/09/28/nvidia-openai-circular-financing-ai-bubble/

https://techcrunch.com/2025/11/06/sam-altman-says-openai-has-20b-arr-and-about-1-4-trillion-in-data-center-commitments/

https://www.morganstanley.com/insights/podcasts/thoughts-on-the-market/credit-markets-ai-financing-gap-vishy-tirupattur-vishwas-patkar

https://www.cnbc.com/2026/02/09/private-credit-software-firms-fall-ai-fears.html

https://www.icifactbook.org/

https://en.macromicro.me/charts/123469/us-magnificent-seven-total-market-cap-and-share-of-sp-500

https://www.cbo.gov/publication/60870

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Would the Dot Com Bubble even be that bad by today's standards?
That sounds like a dumb question to ask about what is widely recognized as the single largest speculative market crash in recent history, but there is also a lot of misunderstanding about what the dot com bubble actually was, the lasting impact it had, who it affected and perhaps most importantly who it didn’t…
Yes of course there are the usual surface level talking points about historically stretched valuations, circular financing deals, overly optimistic projections about unfounded technologies, a massive and ultimately unsustainable amount of infrastructure spending to support everything, all held together by a level of “irrational exuberance” that looks almost comical in hindsight…
And yes of course these historic anecdotes have once again come into focus for uhm… some reason…
But there are also a lot of details about the dot com crash that tend to get ignored in favour of just pointing and laughing at everybody for being so stupid… even if it was partially deserved.
For starters, a lot of people recognised it was a bubble, it wasn’t like the entire world was fully onboard, and there were plenty of naysayers in the media, finance, and even in the tech sector itself…
the dot com crash was also really two separate crashes that both impacted very different corners of the market,
and well yeah… if 2001 really is going to be a cautionary tale about speculative manias, it’s also worth understanding how it could have been a lot worse…
For how bad it was, the dot com bubble was largely isolated to a select group of companies, it didn’t involve that much debt, it was relatively easy for regular investors to avoid completely, the infrastructure that developed alongside it remained relevant and valuable even after the hype died down, and more broadly, the rest of the real economy was still relatively strong,
Employment was high, debt was low, inflation was stable and most people were still doing very well.
The bursting bubble certainly wasn’t a walk in the park… but if… you know… hypothetically… the entire economy was dependant on this line going up, with nothing el

if someone has ever said the following to you then you know you're dealing with a narcissistic douchebag

"Don't Be On The Wrong Side Of History"

Despite how easy it is to look back over the course of human history for all the progress that's been made it's a highly simplistic mind that thinks everything was a black and white fight between good and evil.

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Get your copy of The Book here: https://mdsh.io/gewerdvwe0 Use code HOWHISTORYWORKS10 for 10% off.
The Book: The Ultimate Guide to Rebuilding a Civilization by Hungry Minds is a luxury coffee table book packed with handmade illustrations and mind-expanding ideas.
If you’re into unique gifts, premium books, or just love going down rabbit holes - this one’s for you.

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#history #business #career

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Written By: Sam

Video Created By:
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Editor: Cardan
Media Gatherer: Andrea Rivas

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** Sources ***

https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nobody-wants-to-work-anymore/

https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/379643726/

https://books.google.com/books?id=XpCgCNZwpvoC

https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/HTML/R47596.web.html

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Smith-Hughes-Act

https://daily.jstor.org/the-chinese-exclusion-act-annotated/

https://archive.org/details/ghostsofgoldmoun0000chan

https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/app.20200664

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6040835/

https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/h-1b-specialty-occupations

https://www.newsweek.com/nobody-wants-work-these-days-meme-thread-old-1726774

https://www.nber.org/papers/w29575

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In 1894, a reader of the Rooks County Record in Stockton, Kansas wrote into the paper with a complaint that might sound familiar… "With all of the mines of the country shut down by strikers, what will the poor editor do for coal next winter? It is becoming apparent that nobody wants to work these hard times."

Now, this was during the Panic of 1893… the worst economic depression the country had seen since the Civil War. Banks were collapsing, factories were closing, and 180,000 coal miners had just walked off the job across five states in one of the largest strikes in American history.

But the letter writer's takeaway from all of this wasn't that workers were fighting for survival wages during a financial collapse… it was that coal miners, from the 1800s … had gotten lazy.

In 1905 the Edgefield Advertiser complained that "Labor is scarce, high and very unreliable. None want to work for wages". 1916, and a Binghamton Press in New York article bemoans that "nobody wants to work as hard as they used to."…

1922… a reader of the Mulberry News in Kansas writes in to ask, "What is the cause of unemployment and hard times?" The answer from business owners was the same as it was in 1894… nobody wants to work

1937… in the aftermath of the Great Depression… unemployment still above 14 percent… and peach farmers in Pennsylvania can't find anybody willing to pick fruit for poverty wages. Nobody wants to work.

1952, 1969, 1979… nobody wants to work.

1999… two brothers closing their shoe repair shop after 53 years tell a reporter, "Nobody wants to work anymore. They all want to work in front of a computer and make lots of money." 2006, 2014… nobody wants to work.And then in 2022, a Forbes survey finds that one in five executives says "no one wants to work anymore"… in the tightest labour market in decades, with unemployment sitting near historic lows.So yeah, if unemployment is too high it’s because nobody wants to work… if unemployment is too low… it’s because nobody wants to work… And if the headlines are to be believed, nobody has wanted to work for 130 straight years now.
And you know what?... they might have a point… not many people DO actually want to work, most people do not dream of labour… they work because they NEED to… so at some point we have to ask whether you are just as lazy as your great great grandfather… or if there is some other reason why p

MTV used to only show music videos, Cartoon Network never used to play live-action programming, and the History Channel - if you can believe it - was about history.

But somewhere along the way, it seems those executives realized all those Ken Burns-style documentaries about Napoleon, Nazis and…more Nazis just wasn’t bringing in the dollar.

Because around 2010, the History Channel decided to pivot towards, well, not History. They turned their eyes away from the Earth and towards the stars.

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#HowHistoryWorks #History

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#history #economy #oilcrisis

Link To Our Other Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/HowMoneyWorks

Written By: Sam

Video Created By:
Svibe Multimedia Studio
Editor: Cardan
Media Gatherer: Andrea Rivas

Footage Courtesy of: Getty Images

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📩 Business Inquiries ➡️ [email protected]

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Sources


https://www.economist.com/special-report/2006/07/27/an-affair-to-remember

https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/cold-war/end-of-empire/suez-crisis

https://www.unsabarcelona.org/wp-content/uploads/UNHSC-Final.pdf

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Books (I have tried to find free links where I could)

https://archive.org/details/causesconsequenc0000ross_w6z0/mode/2up

https://books.google.com.au/books?id=1Z-po72YcH4C&redir_esc=y

https://books.google.com.au/books?id=zLfnAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

https://archive.org/details/economicaidameri0000burn

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In the first week of November 1956, the largest amphibious invasion fleet assembled since D-Day steamed out of a harbour in Malta… over a hundred warships, half a dozen aircraft carriers, and tens of thousands of British and French troops, were headed for Egypt.
Their job was to take back the Suez canal.
A hundred-mile stretch of water through the desert that had been, until about three months earlier, run by a company headquartered in Paris whose single biggest shareholder was the British government.
The country they were sailing against had an army that was, at that very moment, being decimated by attacks from Israel… an air force that would mostly be destroyed while still parked on its runways… and no navy to speak of.
On the surface, this was one of the most lopsided engagements of the century.
But the empire behind it still lost… everything… in six days.
Now the strange part is that the fighting itself went fine… the paratroopers took their objectives, and the landings went almost embarrassingly smoothly.
The British Empire did not lose a single battle in November 1956.
What it DID lose though was the one thing that had actually been holding the aging empire together for two centuries… and it turned out that thing could be destroyed much, much faster than a navy.
And by the time the fleet sailed home, everyone on earth had seen exactly what it was….

Nintendo predates video games by a good hundred years, having started learning about game design as a humble card company in 1889.

Even when the fledging company was learning about game design in the playing card business it would be some time before the company settled on video games as its main source of profit.

So what was the journey from Hanafuda cards to Pokémon cards? how did they grow the video game company off the backs of a taxi firm and when did Mario change the game forever? Well it's time to learn How History Works.

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#HowHistoryWorks #History #Nintendo

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#technology #business #history

Link To Our Other Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/HowMoneyWorks

Written By: Sam

Video Created By:
Svibe Multimedia Studio
Editor: Cardan
Media Gatherer: Andrea Rivas

Footage Courtesy of: Getty Images

Music Provided By: Epidemic Sound

📩 Business Inquiries ➡️ [email protected]

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Sources (in order)

https://techcrunch.com/2026/07/25/the-running-list-major-tech-layoffs-in-2026-where-employers-cited-ai/

https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/salesforce-ceo-confirms-4000-layoffs-need-less-heads-ai-rcna228703

https://www.fortune.com/2026/02/10/ai-washing-and-forever-layoffs-why-companies-keep-cutting-jobs-even-amid-rising-profits

https://www.nbcnews.com/business/business-news/salesforce-ceo-confirms-4000-layoffs-need-less-heads-ai-rcna228703

https://www.fortune.com/2026/02/10/ai-washing-and-forever-layoffs-why-companies-keep-cutting-jobs-even-amid-rising-profits

https://hbr.org/2026/01/companies-are-laying-off-workers-because-of-ais-potential-not-its-performance

https://www.axios.com/2025/05/28/ai-jobs-white-collar-unemployment-anthropic

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ai-backlash-college-commencements-2026/

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/what-the-luddites-really-fought-against-264412/

https://www.britannica.com/event/Luddite

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruction_of_Stocking_Frames,_etc._Act_1812

https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1812/feb/27/frame-work-bill

https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/explore-the-collection/stories/the-proclamation-of-ned-ludd/

https://www.nuff.ox.ac.uk/Users/Allen/engelspause.pdf

https://www.etymonline.com/word/middle%20class

https://www.history.com/articles/american-heiress-marry-british-aristocrat

https://www.edwardianpromenade.com/money-2/edwardian-economics/

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-american-rich-kids-bought-their-way-into-the-british-elite-4252/

https://www.history.com/articles/american-heiress-marry-british-aristocrat

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-04412-x

https://www.britannica.com/event/South-Sea-Bubble

https://newtonandthemint.history.ox.ac.uk/global-financial-world/newton-and-the-south-sea-bubble

https://www-users.cse.umn.edu/~odlyzko/doc/mania13c.pdf

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/big-tech-set-to-spend-650-billion-in-2026-as-ai-investments-soar-163907630.html

https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2026-1-15-gartner-says-worldwide-ai-spending-will-total-2-point-5-trillion-dollars-in-2026

https://www.gpb.org/news/2024/04/29/second-new-nuclear-reactor-completed-in-georgia-the-carbon-free-power-comes-at-high

https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/global-gdp-over-the-long-run

https://www.gpb.org/news/2024/04/29/second-new-nuclear-reactor-completed-in-georgia-the-carbon-free-power-comes-at-high

https://www.energy.gov/cmei/systems/solar-photovoltaic-system-cost-benchmarks

https://wfpusa.org/news/how-much-would-it-cost-to-end-world-hunger/

https://www.ghacks.net/2026/08/01/metas-reality-labs-loses-4-6-billion-in-q2-2026-pushing-total-losses-toward-88-billion/

https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/59d2cad0-608d-4585-83f6-53d4d96a70e0/content

https://www.holloway.com/g/making-things-think/sections/the-ai-boom-19801987

https://ia.acs.org.au/article/2025/the-company-whose--ai--was-actually-700-humans-in-india.html

https://world-nuclear.org/nuclear-essentials/where-does-our-electricity-come-from

https://www.npr.org/2023/04/15/1170244609/germany-begins-powering-down-nuclear-plants

https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/secret-history-lead/

It's hard to imagine how a city like modern-day berlin a city filled with eccentric vibrant artistic types was once a city divided divided.

Not by offering different opinions on which is the best seasoning for currywurst but split street down the middle between two super global powers the east and the west. For those living on each side of the country it felt like their home and even the world would never be united again.

But miraculously the berlin wall started to crumble all because of one word. This proves that history can be changed by bold actions radical change and even typos

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#HowHistoryWorks #History #ColdWar

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Written By: Sam

Video Created By:
Svibe Multimedia Studio
Editor: Cardan
Media Gatherer: Andrea Rivas

Footage Courtesy of: Getty Images

Music Provided By: Epidemic Sound

📩 Business Inquiries ➡️ [email protected]

#debt #finance #money


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Sources (In Order)

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/A091RC1Q027SBEA

https://www.theatlantic.com/newsletters/2026/08/national-debt-panic-40-trillion/688425/

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=1Y5JM

https://econofact.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/1.1-EF-Klein-Obstfeld-Desktop.png

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=1Y5JM

https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/marshall-plan.html

https://www.econlib.org/archives/2010/07/paul_samuelsons.html

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYONGDA188S

https://apnews.com/article/doge-musk-trump-government-efficiency-shutdown-2026

https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/elon-musk-says-doge-probably-wont-find-2-trillion-federal-budget-cuts-rcna186924

https://www.jstor.org/page-scan-delivery/get-page-scan/26787126/0

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Us_savings_rate_history.jpg

https://www.nber.org/digest/oct09/wartime-prosperity-reassessment-us-economy-1940s

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYFSGDA188S

https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/treasury-fed-accord

https://www.nytimes.com/2026/09/01/business/bond-yields-debt.html

https://www.theguardian.com/business/2026/aug/25/us-treasury-scott-bessent-bond-buying-donald-trump-stanley-druckenmiller

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDP

https://www.cbo.gov/publication/59946

https://www.ssa.gov/oact/TR/2024/

https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w15639/w15639.pdf

https://peri.umass.edu/wp-content/uploads/joomla/images/WP322.pdf

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For just the second time in history, America has a debt to GDP ratio of over 120% represented by 40 trillion dollars worth of outstanding liabilities.
Just paying the interest on this debt is now costing Americans over a trillion dollars a year alone…
and, as Uncle Sam piles on ever more debt and continually refinances onto higher interest rate bonds, that cost is only going to grow from here.
Now for a long time, we have always been told by most economists that America's debt burden was “manageable” or perhaps even “optimal” given its size and uniquely privileged position in the global economy… (whatever that meant)... but today, even a lot of those confident voices are suggesting that this might have gone too far.
If this continues, just the interest on this debt could quickly end up growing faster than the American economy does… and at that point it’s basically in a hole that will be impossible to dig its way out of… or atleast… that’s the story…
Because well yeah… we have kind of played these games before…
In the aftermath of the second world war the national debt was ALSO over 120% of GDP, and America still managed to pay it down to roughly half that level within a decade.
And it’s not exactly like Uncle Sam was pinching pennies, this happened at the same time as expanding generous welfare programs that effectively established the modern American middle class, while also gearing up for the cold war, and helping to rebuild both Western Europe and Japan.
Sooo what is it that they did back then that they can’t just do again today?
Well, the answer involves everything you need to get a finance bro excited, from years of global macro-economic planning being based on an excel formatting error, all the way down to the simple fact that… as much as we might not like to admit it… it’s possible that America just isn’t that special anymore…

Porsche today is synonymous with fast cars big price tags and let's be honest midlife crises

But the company that we know today has had a long and colorful history since it was first founded as a small engineering design firm in inner Ward Germany. Porsche is a company that should not exist today, during its 91 year history it has been on the brink of shutdown more times than it would publicly like to admit.

The secret to its resilience has been its unparalleled ability to adapt and make the most out of the opportunities it has to work with today when you think of Porsche you might only think of sports cars but that was never even the initial intention of the company, it's not the only thing they make, and for those of you who come from how money works you will know that it's not even their primary business anymore.

So it's time to learn how history Works to learn about all the times that Porsche should have been shut down and how it survived to become the company that it is today.

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#HowHistoryWorks #History #Porsche

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