Dr Mary O’Neal is an expert in Women’s Neurology, serving as the Director of the Women’s Neurology Program at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. She’s written multiple papers on this subject and edited several books including the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Continuum edition of “Neurological Illness in Pregnancy”, “Women’s Neurology- what do I do now?”, and “Neurology and Psychiatry of Women: A Guide to Gender-based Issues in Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment”. She also directs a Harvard Medical School Women’s Neurology and Psychiatry course. In this interview, we discuss the difference between male and female brains, how contraception could affect what therapeutics patients take for disorders like epilepsy, and how pregnancy affects the brain. Enjoy the episode!