Inconvenient Chats

Inconvenient Chats

By Kaisa Virolainen & Jan KleineNewsScienceSocial SciencesPoliticsEarth Sciences
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Inconvenient Chats episodes

  • Is sustainability regulation too inconvenient, or is that the point? with Andreas Rasche

    Is there a backlash against sustainability regulation? Professor Andreas Rasche joins Kaisa for a conversation about corporate sustainability regulation and unpacks the shift from voluntary CSR to today’s sustainability regulation and the current push for simplification. We discuss what makes sustainability regulation effective, whether good regulation is inevitably a little inconvenient if it is meant to drive change, and how to balance ambition, feasibility and predictability.

    In every episode of Inconvenient Chats, we explore inconvenient—but important—topics related to climate action and sustainability with curiosity and nuance. If you have comments or topic suggestions, I'd love to hear from you at [email protected].

    Andreas Rasche is a professor and associate dean at Copenhagen Business School, where he researches ESG and corporate sustainability. He is also a widely followed commentator in the field, writing for the Financial Times and sharing his analysis with a large LinkedIn audience.

    57 min
  • How do business and human rights fit together? with Salma Houerbi

    What does it take to make respect for human rights more than a corporate commitment on paper? Kaisa is joined by business and human rights expert Salma Houerbi to explore how the field has evolved from debating whether companies have responsibilities to the much harder question of how to turn them into meaningful outcomes for workers and communities. We discuss the role—and limits—of the business case, why process and reporting are not the same as impact, and why context, power and the voices of rights holders matter.

    In every episode of Inconvenient Chats, we explore inconvenient—but important—topics related to climate action and sustainability with curiosity and nuance. If you have comments or topic suggestions, I'd love to hear from you at [email protected].

    You can read more of Salma’s writings here:

    • “Opportunism isn’t enough: why accountability matters for gender equality”, 4 March 2026 https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/blog/opportunism-isnt-enough-why-accountability-matters-for-gender-equality/
    • “Racial hatred on the rise in Tunisia: What is the role of digital platforms?” April 6, 2023. https://www.openglobalrights.org/racial-hatred-tunisia-role-of-digital-platforms/
    • “Turkey’s fast fashion is rising on the backs of Syrian refugees” October 3 2019. https://www.openglobalrights.org/turkeys-fast-fashion-is-rising-on-the-backs-of-syrian-refugees/
    • Salma does not represent the views of her current or former employers in the episode.

      54 min
    • Why is stopping deforestation so difficult? with Markus Kröger

      In this episode, I sit down with Professor Markus Kröger, who has spent the past two decades researching the political economy of deforestation, resource extraction and global development, with extensive fieldwork in the Amazon and Latin America.

      Scientists believe the Amazon may be approaching a tipping point — a threshold beyond which parts of the rainforest could gradually shift into a much drier savanna ecosystem. What's particularly concerning is that this could happen long before the entire forest is lost, with consequences that extend far beyond the Amazon by accelerating climate change and increasing the risk of other tipping points.

      So if we know the stakes are this high, why does stopping deforestation seem to be so difficult and so slow? We explore the political and economic forces that keep deforestation going, the interests and mindsets that reinforce these patterns, what Markus has learned from years of fieldwork, and what more hopeful alternatives he sees.

      📖 Markus' book Clearcut: Political Economies of Deforestation is available to read for free:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/clearcut/8BBC0BFBF9AF30A01D4A1F6F6DA8E89C

      Further reading

      • Sean Mowbray (2026). Deforestation and warming could push Amazon to tipping point by 2040s: Study. Mongabay Conservation News. https://doi.org/10.66709/news-318926
      • In every episode of Inconvenient Chats, we explore inconvenient—but important—topics related to climate action and sustainability with curiosity and nuance. If you have comments or topic suggestions, I'd love to hear from you at [email protected].

        44 min
      • How is culture shaped by fossil fuels? with Sakari Säynäjoki

        Today's guest is Sakari Säynäjoki, a doctoral researcher in Interdisciplinary Environmental Sciences at the University of Helsinki who studies the interdependence between modern societies and fossil fuels. Sakari’s research revolves around how fossil fuels enable not only our material realities, but in addition, shape our culture, values and thinking. The consequence: the green transition is a cultural challenge at least as much as it is a technological one. Does the general understanding and discourse of climate change overlook this?

        In every episode of IC we discuss “inconvenient” (yet important!) topics relating to climate action and sustainability to make better sense out of them and their importance. If you have topic recommendations, you can reach out at [email protected].

        Further reading

        • For Sakari’s research see for example: Sakari Säynäjoki and Tere Vadén: Critical Theory in the Fossil-Fuelled Civilisation: On the Relevance of Energy and Metabolism for Critical Naturalism. 24 Mar 2026. (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14409917.2026.2644841#abstract))
        • Vaclav Smil: Energy and Civilization. A history. MIT Press, 2018.
        • 53 min
        • How do you navigate climate guilt and flying? with Fred Baker

          In this week’s episode of Inconvenient Chats we are joined by Fred Baker, a sustainability strategy consultant here in Denmark. We delve into our personal relationships with flying and the guilt that often accompanies it. Both of us have made attempts to reduce our carbon footprints when it comes to air travel. However, the struggle remains, and we find ourselves questioning whether we should feel guilty about taking flights at all.

          In every episode of IC we discuss “inconvenient” (yet important!) topics relating to climate action and sustainability to make better sense out of them and their importance. If you have topic recommendations, you can reach out at [email protected].

          Further reading:

          European Commission: Reducing emissions from aviation.
          (https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport-decarbonisation/reducing-emissions-aviation_en))
          Our World in Data / Hannah Ritchie: What share of global CO₂ emissions come from aviation? (https://ourworldindata.org/global-aviation-emissions))

          51 min
        • Is climate fully replaced by geopolitics? with Benjamin Gibson

          Inconvenient Chats is back after a break! We are continuing in a new format with guests, and in this first episode we discuss geopolitics and climate with Benjamin Gibson, the senior manager for geopolitics at the Danish wind energy developer Ørsted. Is geopolitics taking all attention away from climate action, and do businesses just need to deprioritise the climate agenda in order to keep themselves afloat in a geopolitically volatile world?

          In every episode of IC we discuss “inconvenient” (yet important!) topics relating to climate action and sustainability to make better sense out of them and their importance. If you have topic recommendations, you can reach out at [email protected].

          47 min
        • IC29: Will our dependency on oil ever end?

          Last episode for now! Have you ever wondered how much our society is built on oil and gas besides electricity? Will we actually ever manage to transition away from it? Is it possible for all our consumption of plastic, polyester, nylon, helium, and so much more that one does not think of immediately? It feels like an impossible mountain to climb. But we're here for the conversation, with a little bit of hope and a little bit of fear.

          If you want to give feedback you can write to [email protected] or [email protected].

          If you have a topic on your mind that you have always wondered about, send us an e-mail with your topic recommendation and we’ll make it less inconvenient for all of you.

          Sources

          • Bruegel (March 2026), How will the Iran conflict hit European energy markets? (https://www.bruegel.org/first-glance/how-will-iran-conflict-hit-european-energy-markets#:~:text=The%20immediate%20impact%20on%20energy,through%20the%20Strait%20of%20Hormuz)
          • UNTD (March 2026), From gas to grain: Fertilizer disruptions raise risks for food security and trade (https://unctad.org/news/gas-grain-fertilizer-disruptions-raise-risks-food-security-and-trade#:~:text=+27%25-,Source:%20UN%20Trade%20and%20Development%20(UNCTAD)%2C%20based%20on,costs%20increase%2C%20pushing%20prices%20higher.)
          • Business Insider (March 2026), It's not just oil: 3 critical supply chains being upended by the war in Iran (https://www.businessinsider.com/oil-prices-supply-chains-iran-war-ai-helium-food-inflation-2026-3#:~:text=by%20the%20war.-,Helium,if%20the%20disruptions%20are%20prolonged.)
          • UNric (December 2024), From petroleum to pollution: the cost of polyester (https://unric.org/en/from-petroleum-to-pollution-the-cost-of-polyester/#:~:text=Polyester%20is%20a%20synthetic%20fiber,biodegradable%2C%20and%20it%20emits%20microplastics)
          • University College London, How much of the world's fossil fuel reserves can we afford to burn? (https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/how-much-worlds-fossil-fuel-reserves-we-afford-burn#:~:text=Such%20fears%20preserve%20policies%20of,to%20keep%20fossil%20fuels%20coming.)
          • 30 min
          • IC28: What are climate change attribution studies?

            Unfortunately, this week the audio quality is a little wonky. Better next week! This week, we dive into one of the key scientific topics in climate change: attribution science. So basically, the science that helps us make statements such as "this flood has been made X times more likely and Y times more severe because of climate change". That's event attribution. But then, there's also trend attribution, source attribution and impact attribution. We get into all of this, how it works, and more.

            If you want to give feedback you can write to [email protected] or [email protected].

            If you have a topic on your mind that you have always wondered about, send us an e-mail with your topic recommendation and we’ll make it less inconvenient for all of you.

            Sources

            • Carbon Brief (November 2024), Q&A: The evolving science of ‘extreme weather attribution' (https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-the-evolving-science-of-extreme-weather-attribution/))
            • Carbon Brief (last update March 2026), Mapped: How climate change affects extreme weather around the world (https://interactive.carbonbrief.org/attribution-studies/index.html))
            • Union of Concerned Scientists (March 2025), What Is Attribution Science? (https://www.ucs.org/resources/attribution-science))
            • Ettinger et al. (April 2021), “What’s Up with the Weather?” Public Engagement with Extreme Event Attribution in the United Kingdom (https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/wcas/13/2/WCAS-D-20-0155.1.xml))
            • State of Vermont (accessed April 2026), Climate Superfund Act (https://climatechange.vermont.gov/climate-superfund))
            • 32 min
            • IC27: What are the selfish arguments for climate action?

              If the moral argument of ‘doing the right thing’ is outdated, should we switch to differently appealing argumentation in the way we talk about climate change with some audiences? In this episode, we discuss ‘selfish’ arguments for climate action, i.e. effects on health and money.

              If you want to give feedback you can write to [email protected] or [email protected].

              If you have a topic on your mind that you have always wondered about, send us an e-mail with your topic recommendation and we’ll make it less inconvenient for all of you.

              Sources

              • Barnes et al.: Summer heat deaths in 854 European cities more than tripled due to climate change (2025). https://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/server/api/core/bitstreams/4d5b1a8a-c5ed-47fd-894c-f05ae31ae69d/content
              • Health and Environment Alliance: False fix: the hidden health impacts of Europe’s fossil gas dependency (2022) https://www.env-health.org/false-fix/#:~:text=The%20briefing's%20authors%20note%20that:%20*%20The,the%20UK%2C%20France%2C%20the%20Netherlands%2C%20and%20Spain
              • Carbon Brief: Five charts: How climate change is driving up food prices around the world (2024). https://www.carbonbrief.org/five-charts-how-climate-change-is-driving-up-food-prices-around-the-world/
              • Kotz et al.: Global warming and heat extremes to enhance inflationary pressures (2024). https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-023-01173-x
              • European Economic and Social Committee: The cost of climate change on households and families in the EU (2023). https://www.eesc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/files/qe-04-23-897-en-n.pdf
              • European Energy Agency: Climate Risks to the Economy (Sept 2025) https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/europe-environment-2025/thematic-briefings/climate-change/climate-risks-to-the-economy
              • UNDP (2022) https://www.undp.org/eurasia/blog/climate-security#:~:text=Globally%2C%20and%20in%20the%20Europe,water%2C%20food%20and%20energy%20security.
              • Time: 143 Million People Could Soon Be Displaced Because of Climate Change, World Bank Says (2018). https://time.com/5206716/world-bank-climate-change-internal-migration/
              • Concern Worldwide (2024)https://www.concern.net/news/climate-refugees-explained
              • Choi et al.: Temperature, Crime, and Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(2024). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11477092/#:~:text=We%20screened%2016%2C634%20studies%20with,4–6
              • 38 min
              • IC26: What is an individual's role in fighting climate change? (with Christian Sparrevohn)

                This week is special. We say hello to our first (of hopefully many) interview guests.

                And it’s a privilege that it’s Christian Sparrevohn. Christian lives and breathes sustainability. Having made it his life’s work not least by founding a leading sustainability consultancy in the Nordics. But also apart from that he is outspoken and listened to on the topics of sustainability, chairing the non-profit Rådet for Grøn Omstilling in Denmark

                So who better to talk to about ‘individual responsibilities in fighting climate change’ also known as ‘what can I even affect when it comes to climate change?’

                We talk about all the facets of life where the answer to that question might differ: as a private person, a professional, a citizen.

                Sources

                • WRI (2025), The Most Impactful Things You Can Do for the Climate Aren’t What You’ve Been Told (https://www.wri.org/insights/climate-impact-behavior-shifts)
                • 47 min

                About Inconvenient Chats

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                Climate change is real, accelerating, and profoundly urgent - yet the world isn’t changing quickly or deeply enough.