In this episode, Optic Surgeon dives into eyelid twitch (myokymia), benign essential blepharospasm (BEB), and hemifacial spasm for ophthalmology residents and final-year MBBS students. Through a vivid clinical case, we clarify their distinct presentations, mechanisms, and causes—from benign, unilateral twitches tied to stress or dry eye to forceful bilateral spasms of BEB and unilateral facial spread in hemifacial spasm.

In this episode, Optic Surgeon breaks down flashes of light (photopsias) for ophthalmology residents and final-year MBBS students. We explore key causes, including posterior vitreous detachment, retinal tear/detachment, ocular migraines, and vascular or inflammatory conditions. The episode details a systematic workup with thorough history, dilated fundus exam with scleral depression, and cause-specific management. A critical board pearl emphasizes the need for an urgent peripheral retinal exam to rule out tears or detachment.

In this episode, Optic Surgeon provides a concise, actionable guide to eyelid swelling for ophthalmology residents and final-year MBBS students. Through a real-world case, we cover key causes (inflammatory, infectious, systemic, traumatic), a systematic workup, and targeted management strategies. A high-yield board pearl underscores the critical distinction between preseptal and orbital cellulitis to prevent vision-threatening outcomes. Perfect for mastering this common clinical scenario. #Ophthalmology

In this episode, Optic Surgeon provides a comprehensive guide to ptosis (eyelid drooping) for ophthalmology residents and final-year MBBS students. Using a real-world case, we explore eyelid anatomy, a four-bucket framework (Neurogenic, Myogenic, Mechanical, Pseudoptosis) for differential diagnosis, and a systematic approach to workup and management. A vital board exam pearl highlights acute, painful ptosis with pupil involvement as a neurosurgical emergency. Perfect for mastering this critical clinical sign. #Ophthalmology #MedicalEducation

In this episode, Optic Surgeon delivers a focused exploration of madarosis (eyelash loss) tailored for ophthalmic residents and final-year MBBS students. Using a real-world case, we cover essential eyelid anatomy, the IMS framework (Inflammatory, Mechanical, Systemic) for differential diagnosis, and practical steps for workup and management. A high-yield exam pearl highlights the classic link between chronic blepharitis and madarosis. Ideal for mastering this key clinical finding.

In this episode, Optic Surgeon explores the complexities of dry eye, a prevalent issue in ophthalmology. We cover its causes, including blepharitis, thyroid eye disease, contact lens complications, and post-LASIK effects. Learn why screening for dry eye is vital before refractive surgery, how punctal plugs and lid hygiene alleviate symptoms, and the connection to microbial keratitis. A must-listen for clinicians, students, and residents mastering ocular surface management. #Ophthalmology

In this episode, we tackle distorted vision, a complex symptom for ophthalmologists. We explore causes from corneal irregularities and cataracts to macular disorders, optic nerve issues, and neurological conditions. Learn to identify wavy lines, blurry spots, or size distortions, and understand when urgent action is needed for conditions like retinal detachment or wet AMD. A must-listen for students, residents, and specialists navigating this critical presentation. #Ophthalmology #EyeHealth

In this episode of Optic Surgeon, we explore the surprisingly complex world of ocular discharge. From watery tears to purulent infections, we break down the causes—ranging from eyelid issues and dry eye to viral conjunctivitis and serious corneal infections.

In this episode, we break down how trauma—whether blunt or penetrating—can lead to sudden vision loss. From traumatic optic neuropathy and retinal detachment to rare conditions like optic nerve avulsion and Purtscher’s retinopathy, we cover the key clinical clues, mechanisms of injury, and when immediate intervention is critical. Perfect for acute care, emergency, and eye health professionals.