Continuing our discussion of how we study the sea floor, Sarah and Sam talk about the wonders of SONAR and how sometimes scientists are really dumb for a bunch of smart people.

Resources:

https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/exploration-and-innovation/radar-sonar.html

https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/lewis_clark01/background/seafloormapping/seafloormapping.html

https://noaacoastsurvey.wordpress.com/2016/09/27/a-monumental-history/

https://www.bluehabitats.org/?page_id=1684

A. C. Veatch P. A. Smith. (Geological Society of America, Special Paper No. 7.) Pp. xvi + 101 + 10 plates. (New York: Geological Society of America, 1939.) £1 10s. net.

The Origin of Submarine Canyons: a Critical Review of Hypotheses. https://www.nature.com/articles/148672a0

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multibeam_echosounder

https://marietharp.ldeo.columbia.edu/about-marie-tharp

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZ0OJcRQf0Q (SONAR NOISE)

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/marie-tharp-maps-plate-tectonics-seafloor-cartography

https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/technology/sonar/multibeam.html

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sonar.html

https://www.hydro-international.com/content/article/multi-beam-data-processing

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-mOjsn5UrWM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fAAxEIFeLU

https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/environment/a22594681/weve-been-wrong-before-expanding-earth-theory/

It turns out ancient seafloor mapping looks a lot like seafloor mapping in the 1990s. We're starting off a short series on ocean bathymetry by talking about how we got started studying the shape of the seafloor.

Resources:

https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=4718c81ade5e4fada01797fc175c796e

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00283/full

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Oc-Po/Ocean-Floor-Bathymetry.html

https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/03mountains/background/challenger/challenger.html

https://divediscover.whoi.edu/history-of-oceanography/the-challenger-expedition/

If latitude is how far you are from the equator, why is longitude how far away we are from a town in the UK?

Thumbnail only barely related.

Resources

https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/newsroom/blog/ordnance-datum-newlyn-100-years-old-today

https://www.sea.museum/2016/06/08/where-on-earth-are-you-a-beginners-guide-to-longitude/

https://journal.hautehorlogerie.org/en/the-marine-chronometer-invention-and-rivalry-on-the-high-seas/

https://www.britannica.com/technology/chronometer

https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/greenwich-mean-time-gmt

Took a little time to discus some very good marine mammals.

Resources:

https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/north-atlantic-right-whale

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/rare-footage-shows-endangered-north-atlantic-right-whales-hug?fbclid=IwAR0SLVq-I43U9joEiQ-yCydSN-xAW1eP8F_7GRZwC3pHB4rsEm

iokYMW-Kk

https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/endangered-species-conservation/north-atlantic-right-whale-calving-season-2021#right-whale-reproduction

https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/marine-mammals/what-largest-whale-cetacea-size-comparison-chart

Have you watched Netflix's documentary Seaspiracy? If you have, I'm sorry but it was bad. If you haven't, thank god, please don't.

Resources:

These two were the best, I think

https://www.inverse.com/science/seaspiracy-fact-check-debunked-interview

https://earther.gizmodo.com/dont-watch-netflixs-seaspiracy-1846630338

https://www.newsweek.com/fact-check-seaspiricy-dolphin-safe-labels-guaranteed-1579804

https://www.irishlegal.com/article/settlement-reached-in-high-court-case-on-human-trafficking-in-fishing-industry

https://twitter.com/ChristinacHicks/status/1375390177913372673

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_debris

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/07/24/world/the-outlaw-ocean.html

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/seaspiracy-netflix-marines-true-story-b1824038.html

https://www.earthisland.org/journal/index.php/page/note-on-netflix-documentary-on-overfishing

https://www.newsweek.com/fact-check-seaspiricy-dolphin-safe-labels-guaranteed-1579804

https://www.greenqueen.com.hk/seaspiracy-response-heres-what-ngos-other-organizations-are-saying-about-the-documentary-plus-our-take/ (use the links to statements but the website seems pretty dumb overall)

https://earther.gizmodo.com/dont-watch-netflixs-seaspiracy-1846630338

https://www.forbes.com/sites/allenelizabeth/2021/04/10/seaspiracy-a-call-to-action-or-a-vehicle-of-misinformation/?sh=7427e9d7c23a

https://inews.co.uk/culture/film/seaspiracy-fact-check-netflix-documentary-what-about-accuracy-explained-935761

Usually corporations and irresponsible governments are the ones to blame for environmental destruction, but sometimes one person can do a lot of damage by themselves. Also, there's birtherism.

Slides:

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1P_QOn7ECurXx4Mqm6vi9fqaG1dsZHc6biEmNha0RshU/edit?usp=sharing

Resources:

https://www.propublica.org/article/hawaii-officials-promise-changes-to-seawall-policies-that-have-quickened-beach-destruction

https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=4526

https://www.staradvertiser.com/2021/01/22/hawaii-news/homeowners-face-stiff-fines-for-illegal-seawalls/

https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/892/772/72533/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molokai_Advertiser-News

https://www.mtdemocrat.com/letters/thanks-guys/

http://oaoa.hawaii.gov/jud/ica22693mop.htm

https://web.archive.org/web/20120119091629/http://www.molokaiadvertiser-news.com/

https://web.archive.org/web/20120607113133/http://www.molokaiadvertiser-news.com/MAN_1-11-12_.pdf

https://www.civilbeat.org/2012/08/16975-african-american-groups-in-hawaii-angered-by-latest-birther-request/

https://law.justia.com/cases/hawaii/supreme-court/1996/18386-2.html

https://www.lahainanews.com/opinion/letters-to-editor/2020/12/04/letters-for-the-dec-3-issue/

Sarah is joined by Joe Kassabian from The Lions Led by Donkeys podcast to discuss the infuriating reality of coastal construction.

Resources:

https://toolkit.climate.gov/topics/coastal-flood-risk/coastal-erosion

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/coastal-development

https://explorebeaches.msi.ucsb.edu/beach-health/beach-nourishment

https://www.nps.gov/articles/beach-nourishment.htm

https://www.americangeosciences.org/education/k5geosource/content/rocks/how-do-you-deal-with-shoreline-erosion

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3ZYaL0Q9os

https://www.propublica.org/article/the-high-cost-of-preserving-vulnerable-beaches

https://static1.squarespace.com/static/58eec8afc534a5631767d450/t/5f6554d363133850a6f6ccff/1600476376632/Porro-2020-final-Waikikierosion.pdf

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50139900

http://asbpa.org/wpv2/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/HSBPA-2014-Beach-Restoration-White-Paper.pdf

https://www.propublica.org/article/oceanfront-property-tied-to-obama-granted-exemption-from-hawaiis-environmental-laws

https://www.propublica.org/article/oceanfront-property-tied-to-obama-granted-exemption-from-hawaiis-environmental-laws

http://www.beachapedia.org/State_of_the_Beach/State_Reports/WA/Shoreline_Structures

https://oceanwealth.org/accounting-for-mangroves-in-flood-protection/

https://www.dezeen.com/2016/10/24/tetrapot-coastal-defence-design-plant-pot-sheng-hung-lee-china/

https://www.propublica.org/article/hawaii-officials-promise-changes-to-seawall-policies-that-have-quickened-beach-destruction

https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=4526

https://www.staradvertiser.com/2021/01/22/hawaii-news/homeowners-face-stiff-fines-for-illegal-seawalls/

https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/892/772/72533/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molokai_Advertiser-News

Rogue waves are real, and are far more common than you might think.

A couple slides but no notes this week because I'm a hack and a fraud:

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1-A4myncaCJNk5HMt-8nuLeEUau3bBA1C1p3uQuBawZo/edit?usp=sharing

Waves are just math, but don't worry we aren't going to talk about that part (much)

Resources:

https://www.univie.ac.at/geographie/fachdidaktik/FD/site/external_htmls/imagers.gsfc.nasa.gov/ems/waves.html

https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/Lesson-1/What-is-a-Wave

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/wavesinocean.html

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_currents/03coastal1.html

http://oceanmotion.org/html/background/wind-driven-surface.htm

https://manoa.hawaii.edu/sealearning/grade-4-physical-science-topic-1

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Waves/watwav2.html

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/watwav.html#c1

https://ci.coastal.edu/~sgilman/770Oceansinmotion.htm

https://seymourcenter.ucsc.edu/OOB/076_Big%20waves%20at%20sea.pdf

https://www.livescience.com/33624-waves-ocean-sets-seven.html

Tides go in, Tides go out, you can't explain that

References:

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/tides.html

https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/predhist.html

http://galileo.rice.edu/sci/observations/tides.html

https://osr.org/blog/astronomy/johannes-kepler/

https://galileoandeinstein.phys.virginia.edu/1995/lectures/morekepl.html

https://www.marineinsight.com/maritime-history/how-tide-predicting-machine-worked-in-the-ancient-times/

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_tides/tides02_cause.html

http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/8r.html

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_tides/tides08_othereffects.html

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/tidal-energy/

https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/hydropower/tidal-power.php

https://www.marine.usf.edu/pjocean/packets/sp02/sp02u1p3.pdf

https://biol326.wordpress.com/2018/03/11/lifes-a-beach-challenges-of-living-life-in-the-rocky-intertidal-zone/

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/gltides.html

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/atmospheric-tides

https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/earth-atmospheric-and-planetary-sciences/12-810-dynamics-of-the-atmosphere-spring-2008/lecture-notes/chapter_9.pdf

https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/the-galactic-tide-coming-our-way/

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