Sarah and Sam try to wrap their heads around what makes the top of the ocean be like that. We're talking Coriolis Forces, Ekman pumping, and more gyres than you can shake a stick at.

References

https://www.britannica.com/biography/V-Walfrid-Ekman

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_currents/media/supp_cur04e.html

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/coriolis-effect/

https://www.nap.edu/resource/oneuniverse/motion_32-33.html

https://earth.nullschool.net/

https://www.weather.gov/source/zhu/ZHU_Training_Page/winds/Wx_Terms/Flight_Environment.htm

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/great-pacific-garbage-patch/

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/3/100302-new-ocean-trash-garbage-patch/

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sargassosea.html

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/upwelling.html

Did you know it snows in the sea? It's mostly poop, and always nutritious. Sarah and Sam discuss the incredible importance of marine snow. Along the way, they muse about plankton, whale falls, and of course, bring it all back to climate change.

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/plankton.html

https://www.whoi.edu/know-your-ocean/ocean-topics/ocean-life/phytoplankton/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFQ_fO2D7f0

https://oceantracks.org/library/general-ecology/energy-and-food-webs

https://ocean.si.edu/ecosystems/deep-sea/marine-snow-staple-deep

https://usa.oceana.org/blog/exploring-marine-snow-nutritious-and-vital-type-snowfall-deep-sea

Vent fauna on whale remains. 1987. Nature.

https://allyouneedisbiology.wordpress.com/tag/whale-fall-stages/

https://www.mbari.org/whale-falls-islands-of-abundance-and-diversity-in-the-deep-sea/

https://oceanconservancy.org/blog/2019/10/18/whale-falls/

Pershing, A. J., Christendsen, L. B., Record, N. R., Sherwood, G. D., Stetson, P. B. 2010. The Impact of Whaling on the Ocean Carbon Cycle: Why Bigger Was Better. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012444

Sarah and Sam round off the intro to ocean science with a discussion of ocean temperature. The ocean is warm, except where it isn't.

Hella resources:

https://phys.org/news/2019-07-historic-sea-surface-temperature.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_surface_temperature

https://os.copernicus.org/articles/9/683/2013/

J. B. R. Matthews

Ocean Sci., 9, 683–694, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-9-683-2013, 2013

https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/content/road-modern-weather-satellites-noaa-and-nasa-celebrate-60-years-america-space

https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/news/picture-climate-why-are-buckets-important-climate-science

https://interactiveoceans.washington.edu/

https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/news/picture-climate-why-are-buckets-important-climate-science

https://argo.ucsd.edu/outreach/multimedia-resources/photos/

https://www.mrvsys.com/products/deepsolo

https://www.weather.gov/safety/fog-water

https://eos.org/research-spotlights/how-sea-surface-temperatures-affect-an-atmospheric-phenomenon

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/ninonina.html

https://www.climate.gov/file/la-ni%C3%B1a-winter-summer-impacts-620px

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/thermocline.html

https://www.makai.com/ocean-thermal-energy-conversion/

http://www.energinat.com/dow_cold.shtml

https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/health-effects-global-warming-developing-countries-are-most-vulnerable

https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-briefs/ocean-warming

https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14155

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/Paleoclimatology_OxygenBalance

https://icecores.org/sites/default/files/2018-02/WAIS_ICECORE-HR.jpg

Dan and Sarah watched the three hour Ulysses Cut of the 1995 Kevin Costner (K Cos) vehicle Waterworld and then spent over an hour trying to parse their thoughts.

This sweet, sweet content is on the main feed this month but movie review episodes will be reserved for Patreon Patrons only henceforth.

If you're interested in the absurdity that was our notes, you can find my plot notes and Dan's production scrawls in the following link:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jXxuehEHaH-MH1s9SkhM5XarCQsLwVLxpiY_uoJX7qM/edit?usp=sharing

Sarah and Sam spend some time talking about how heavy water is, why that is important for ocean circulation, and the abject horror of barotrauma.

Resources:

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/pressure.html

http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Decibar

http://oceanmotion.org/html/background/ocean-in-motion.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_current#/media/File:Ocean_currents_1943_(borderless)3.png

https://adventure.howstuffworks.com/outdoor-activities/water-sports/freediving.htm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cj8AtODiHc

https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Marine/Groundfish/Barotrauma

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/behold-the-blobfish-180956967/

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/in-defense-of-the-blobfish-why-the-worlds-ugliest-animal-isnt-as-ugly-as-you-think-it-is-6676336/

https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/decompression-sickness-a-to-z

https://www.sciencefriday.com/educational-resources/high-pressure-in-the-deep-ocean/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byford_Dolphin#Diving_bell_accident

In this first episode of It Came From the Sea, Sarah and Sam discuss salinity; what it means, how we measure, and just how the heck the ocean got to be so salty in the first place.

Twitter:https://twitter.com/fromtheseapod

Patreon:https://www.patreon.com/fromtheseapod

Resources:

https://www.britannica.com/science/seawater

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(chemistry)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinity

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/whysalty.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_bodies_of_water_by_salinity

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uaj722cg9Gk

https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/evaporation-and-water-cycle?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/vents.html

https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/physical-ocean/salinity

https://phys.org/news/2012-04-rainfall.html

Perez, Eduardo; Chebude, Yonas (April 2017). "Chemical Analysis of Gaet'ale, a Hypersaline Pond in Danakil Depression (Ethiopia): New Record for the Most Saline Water Body on Earth". Aquatic Geochemistry. 23 (2): 109–117. doi:10.1007/s10498-017-9312-z.

Fox-Skelly, Jasmin (4 August 2017). "In Earth's hottest place, life has been found in pure acid". BBC Future. Retrieved 27 March 2018.