The Etruscans were an ancient civilization on the Italian Peninsula that had a distinct language, were skilled at seafaring, and worshiped their own pantheon of deities. Professor Alexandra Carpino, Northern Arizona University, joins the show to discuss this ancient civilization.

The Tetrarchy was a collegiate form of government when four emperors ruled Rome simultaneously. Dr Roger Rees, University of St Andrews, joins the show again to explain what the Tetrarchy was, how it functioned, and why it was dissolved.

Honorary Research Fellow at Durham University, Dr Kathryn Lomas, joins the show again to discuss what occurred with Rome during the interregnum between the First and Second Punic Wars (241-218 BCE).

In Late Antiquity, Ravenna became one of the most important cities in the Mediterranean, including becoming capitals of the Western Roman Empire and Byzantine Italy at different times. Dr Veronica West-Harling, University of Oxford, joins the show and explains.

A nomadic Turkic community in the Anatolian Peninsula became the Ottomans. Dr. Huseyin Yilmaz, George Mason University, joins the show to explain what scholars know about their formative years.

The Seljuk Empire was a Turkic state that served an important role in the history of the development of the eastern Mediterranean. Professor of Religion, Dr. Suleiman Mourad, Smith College, joins the show to explain the Seljuk's previous hegemony in the Mediterranean Basin.

Part-human, part-horse, centaurs show up in various Greek mythology. Dr Emma Aston, University of Reading, joins the show to discuss the role of centaurs in Greek mythology.

Adjunct Professor of Art History at The American University of Rome, Dr Jason Cardone, joins the show to discuss art during the Italian Renaissance. 

Known for her intelligence and power, Athena is one of the most important, and written about, deities in Greek mythology. Dr. Mary Lefkowitz, Professor Emerita of Classical Studies, Wellesley College, joins the show to discuss Athena in Greek mythology.

The Rashidun Caliphate is a term used to describe the period of the caliphs in the Muslim community following Muhammad and preceding the Umayyad Caliphate. Dr Harry Munt, University of York, joins the show to share the caliphate's hegemony in the Mediterranean Basin.