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In Part 2 of this gripping exploration into John Brown and his Jewish associates in Kansas, Lou revisits the infamous Pottawatomie Creek killings. Grounding the narrative in the vital testimony of August Bondi alongside other primary and secondary sources, the episode reframes the violence not as random slaughter but as a preemptive strike. Lou demonstrates how Theodore Wiener became a crucial actor in this lethal counter-offensive, as Brown, his sons, and his son-in-law moved to thwart a hostile, pro-slavery plot by executing five local pro-slavery collaborators: the Doyles, William Wilkinson, and William Sherman.

Following the bloodshed, the episode captures a striking vignette of Bondi and Wiener fighting shoulder-to-shoulder with Brown at the Battle of Black Jack in June 1856. Finally, Lou traces the fascinating post-Kansas "afterlives" of Bondi, Benjamin, and Wiener, bringing this remarkable historical alliance to a close.

Featured Music: "Judge Roy Bean's Theme" and "Miss Lily Langtry" from The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean (Composed by Maurice Jarre, 1972).

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In this episode, Lou introduces us to the fascinating and unlikely alliance between John Brown’s family and local Jewish immigrants in the violent, war-torn landscape of Territorial Kansas. To set the stage, Lou explores how Brown—a self-conscious heir to the rigid Puritan Protestant tradition—deeply conceptualized and viewed the Jewish people.

We are then introduced to three of Brown’s Jewish associates: August Bondi, Jacob Benjamin, and Theodore Wiener. Drawing from the richest available historical records, the episode focuses primarily on Bondi and Wiener, charting their paths as they converge with Brown's militant mission. This deep dive sets the stage for the infamous Pottawatomie Creek uprising, where both men would play vital, radically different roles: Bondi as the enduring witness and historian and Wiener as a willing executioner.

Additional Music: "Mr. Aurante" (via Pixabay)

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In this episode, Lou uploads the transcript of the extended introduction of his book, John Brown Speaks (Rowman & Littlefield, 2015) to one of Google's AI programs, Notebook LM.  Notebook LM "reads" the introduction and then produces a faux podcast featuring two human-like voices discussing the content of the article. As this experiment shows, AI is a very useful and interesting tool, but it is not without its flaws and biases based on the source and content of its knowledge. Overall, despite some problematic points, this AI podcast episode does a fairly good job of discussing the introduction and at points is quite interesting.  

Additional music: "Ginormous Robots" by Nathan Moore

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In this episode, Lou introduces the question of whether John Brown should be posthumously pardoned. The theme begins with biographer David S. Reynold's Op-Ed in the New York Times on December 1, 2009 entitled, "Freedom's Martyr," in which  he suggested the symbolic value of a posthumous pardon for Brown, either by the State of Virginia or even by then President Barack Obama.  Two years later, this question was revisited by a John Brown birthday meeting, "Five Nine 2011" (commemorating the 211th birthday of Brown), held at the Brecht Forum in New York City.  Among the other guests, both Reynolds and yours truly were invited to present the case for--and against--a posthumous pardon.  Here's an opportunity to revisit that discussion and perhaps draw your own conclusions: Should John Brown today be pardoned? 

If you'd like to view a video of the entire "Five Nine 2011" program on YouTube, click on this link: https://youtu.be/TT4hvNgmtxY?si=BrNRafHG6ilf9E__

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In this episode, Lou revisits the story of James and Maehala Doyle of Tennessee, who devoted themselves and their family to supporting slavery and opposing antislavery and abolitionist settlers in the Kansas Territory. In the Pottawatomie incident of May 1856, Doyle and his two oldest sons, William and Drury, were killed by John Brown's men, under the leadership of the old man, because of their role in spreading and supporting proslavery terrorism in the territory, and for posing a direct threat to the lives and well-being of the Browns.  The Doyles are dumbasses--ignorant people caught up in advancing injustice and bigotry--and represent an element in the history of the United States that are always the most dangerous because they are the most useful tools to the machinations of powerful but wicked elites, from the slaveholders of the antebellum era to the fascist rightwingers of today.

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In this episode, Lou speaks with Dan Morrison, the founder of the John Brown Project and a documentary filmmaker from Torrington, Connecticut, John Brown’s birthplace. Morrison details his work, including a community arts project that produced a 21st-century remix of the Civil War era song, "John Brown's Body" and his current musical documentary, "Pushing the Rock," which examines systemic racism in America and features interviews with historical figures’ descendants and scholars. The conversation heavily focuses on rehabilitating the historical reputation of abolitionist John Brown, countering common misconceptions that portray him as a terrorist, a failure, or insane, and advocating for white people to actively combat white supremacy as Brown did. They also discuss the recent conservative media backlash against Dr. Stacey Patton, a Howard University journalism professor who cited Brown as an example of a good white ally, further prompting their discussion about the ongoing struggle against misinformation and historical bias, especially relating to John Brown.

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In this episode, Lou breaks with the regular approach of this podcast to put a John Brown lens on pressing contemporary issues. He specifically addresses three main topics, arguing why John Brown would be an anti-Zionist due to the movement's oppressive colonial practices and its perceived anti-biblical, racialized nature; critiquing the notion that the recently murdered Charlie Kirk was a Christian martyr because of his white nationalist views and opposition to the Black civil rights tradition; and finally, condemning the Trump administration's attempts to revise history and minimize the violence and injustice of slavery. John Brown Today, Lou concludes, is a podcast devoted to the meaning of John Brown and therefore must serve as a platform to advocate for justice, truth-telling, and keeping his legacy alive in the face of modern political struggles.

To see an explainer video for this episode, check out the JOHN BROWN TODAY YouTube platform, and look for the short video entitled, "The John Brown Lens."

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In this episode, Lou interviews the preeminent cultural historian of the 19th-century USA, David S. Reynolds. This year marks the twentieth anniversary of the publication of Reynolds' landmark biography, John Brown Abolitionist. Reynolds opens by describing his most recent project, the forthcoming Two Ships (Penguin), and then revisits the writing of John Brown Abolitionist, rehearsing some key themes from the book as well as reflecting on his  background and methodology as a cultural historian. The interview finishes with a shift to Reynolds' 2020 opus, Abe, a cultural biography of Abraham Lincoln. 

There is also an AI-generated visual overview available based on this interview. See "John Brown Sparked a War" (https://youtu.be/OMEwfYZQ3hM).

Content Warning: This episode contains two direct quotes from historical sources that include a racial slur. The audio has been edited to reduce the volume of the word to minimize harm to listeners.

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In this episode, I am inviting you on a peculiar historical tour of the term, "Secret Six." While John Brown students are accustomed to seeing this term used to speak of Brown's key supporters, this episode is about the origin of the term and its significance in the literature about Brown.  As you'll discover, while the "tour" of "Secret Six" is full of trivial and interesting cases where the term has been used since the nineteenth century, it was not really applied to Brown's story until the twentieth century.  While the term has its uses, students of Brown should know that in many respects, "Secret Six" has largely been used by the abolitionist's detractors more than his admirers.  The tour bus has arrived, so join me for the "Secret Six" tour. . .

Episode music: "Paradox" by Quincas Moreira (YouTube music)

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In this episode, Lou shares an extended reflection on Malcolm X that is attuned to the memory and legacy of John Brown. Going beyond easy, almost cliché use of Malcolm's words, Lou draws on his background as a Malcolm X biographer to reflect upon both the strategic and personal approach of the memorable black leader to John Brown's legacy.

This May 19, 2025 is the centennial of Malcolm X's birth.  With one foot in the antebellum era and another foot in the Civil Rights era, the stretch may be challenging, but it's well worth the effort.

Happy 225th Birthday, John Brown.  Happy 100th, Malcolm.

Music: "Blue Mood" by Robert Munzinger (YouTube)