On this edition of Hard Knock Radio, host Davey D sits down with author, artist, and anthropologist Dr. Umi Vaughan to discuss his new book Silencing the Drum: Religious Racism and Afro-Brazilian Sacred Music, co-authored with historian Dr. Danielle Boaz. The conversation delves deep into the persecution of Afro-Brazilian religious practices and the ongoing war against Black cultural expression in Brazil.
Drums as Resistance and Reverence
Opening with the sound of sacred Brazilian drums, Davey D set the stage for a powerful conversation about the role of music in Afro-Brazilian religions like Candomblé and Umbanda. These traditions—descendants of West African spiritual systems such as Yoruba, Vodun, and Bantu practices—are rooted in rhythm, ritual, and communal healing. The drum is not just an instrument; it’s a sacred tool that calls forth spirit, memory, and resistance.
Dr. Vaughan explained how these traditions arrived in Brazil through the transatlantic slave trade, adapting and surviving under brutal repression. While Candomblé retained deep connections to African cosmologies, Umbanda blended African, Catholic, and Indigenous influences, reflecting Brazil’s complex racial and cultural dynamics. Both faiths rely heavily on music and drumming to call forth ancestral energies, heal communities, and affirm identity.
Religious Racism and the “Silencing”
But as Dr. Vaughan emphasized, the drum is under attack. The book opens with the chilling story of the assassination of a respected religious leader in her own temple—a brutal reminder that these are not just cultural practices but life-and-death struggles. Evangelical and Pentecostal Christian groups, often aligned with political power, have been central in campaigns to demonize Afro-Brazilian religions, portraying their sacred practices as demonic or “black magic.”
From false noise pollution complaints to physical violence and state-sanctioned repression, the tactics are varied but the aim is clear: to erase African cultural memory and assert colonial religious dominance. Vaughan connects this to a longer lineage of anti-Black violence—dating back to Portuguese colonizers’ fear of African power, symbolized most vividly through the drum.
Culture Commodified, Yet Criminalized
Davey D pointed out the hypocrisy in Brazil’s simultaneous commodification of Afro-Brazilian culture and its violent suppression. “People fly in to enjoy Carnival and Samba, but once the party ends, the police raid the terreiros (sacred spaces),” he said. Vaughan agreed, calling it “a schizophrenic dynamic,” where the same drumming that powers Brazil’s global cultural image is criminalized in Black communities.
The book also touches on gentrification within the religion itself—lighter-skinned Brazilians and outsiders laying claim to Afro-spiritual spaces, sometimes by traveling to Africa to study “at the source,” then returning with newfound authority, often overshadowing the Black women who have long led these traditions.
Universal Drumbeat of Repression—and Resilience
The conversation drew sharp parallels between Brazil and the U.S., where Black cultural practices are similarly policed, commodified, and distorted. Davey noted how the demonization of African spirituality echoes critiques he’s heard of hip hop or other Black expressive forms. Vaughan expanded the point: “Everywhere the drum shows up, somebody tries to silence it.”
Despite this, the resilience of the communities practicing Candomblé and Umbanda is palpable. Vaughan highlighted how some priests responded to threats from drug traffickers by blasting Christian music on speakers while continuing their drum ceremonies in private. “It’s always been a dance between survival and spirit,” he said.
Lula’s Brazil: A New Era?
Under far-right President Bolsonaro, repression intensified. Statues of orishas were vandalized while white Evangelical supremacy gained ground. Vaughan says current President Lula’s administration is more open, with cultural ministers and first lady openly honoring Afro-Brazilian religions. There is cautious hope—but as Vaughan made clear, the fight is far from over.
Final Words
As the interview closed, Dr. Vaughan urged listeners to read the book not just for its history, but as a provocation: “Ask yourself—what in your culture would you fight to protect?” He reminded listeners that the struggle in Brazil mirrors battles happening globally. “If it can happen there, it can happen here.”
He encouraged folks to follow his work on Instagram (@umivon), support Brazilian grassroots collectives like Coletivo Merê, and remain vigilant against cultural erasure.
“Free Brown on Building a Wellness Oasis in Richmond”
(HKR-07-08-25) On this edition of Hard Knock Radio, host Davey D sits down with Free Brown—licensed therapist, cultural curator, and founder of Richmond’s Vibe Bistro—to talk about wellness, community, and creating safe, affirming spaces in a time of censorship and cultural repression.
A Cultural Hub Rooted in Healing
Free Brown’s work through Live at Vibe, an initiative at her venue Vibe Bistro, goes far beyond traditional entertainment. As she explains, the space was built with “blood, sweat, and tears”—not grants or corporate backers. This intentional independence means Brown is highly selective about where funding comes from and how the space is used. “I’d rather sell mocktails than take money that controls the message,” she told Davey D. “We’re creating a gateway, a cultural landmark that belongs to the people.”
Vibe Bistro is quickly becoming a beacon in the Bay, offering a stage not just for veteran artists like Valerie Troutt, but also for emerging performers who are finding and shaping their voices. Free emphasized that it’s not about forcing a political line, but rather about encouraging honest self-expression. “Everyone’s trying to get to the same goal—liberation, love, and empowerment—but not everyone walks the same path. And that’s okay.”
Defying a Climate of Fear and Censorship
The conversation touched on the ways many cultural institutions are retreating from bold content due to pressure from funders and political forces. Davey D noted that some venues now fear showcasing too diverse a crowd or content perceived as “political,” lest it jeopardize their federal support. Free responded firmly: “We’re not going to self-censor to make funders comfortable. I want a space where we can say ‘Black,’ where we can say ‘diverse,’ where we can say ‘racism’ out loud.”
She drew comparisons to historic cultural spaces like The Good Life Café and The Upper Room—spaces with community-centered ethics that helped launch socially conscious Hip Hop movements. “This ain’t just about vibes,” Brown added. “We’re about curation. There’s a line between free expression and toxic energy. And we hold that line.”
The Mental Health Toll of Constant Consumption
As a mental health therapist, Free highlighted how the grind culture and surveillance-like pressures of social media are exacerbating burnout, particularly for artists. “People are being consumed—literally and digitally—without getting a chance to reset,” she said. “We’re not machines. Even machines need to cool off.”
Brown and Davey reflected on the uptick in visible mental health crises within creative communities, especially in the wake of COVID and ongoing social unrest. Free spoke passionately about the need for intentional spiritual breaks. “Healing doesn’t always look like silence. Sometimes it’s dance. Sometimes it’s a dope song. But it’s got to give your brain a pause from the chaos.”
A Bay Area Space with Global Intentions
Vibe Bistro, located just steps from Richmond BART and Amtrak, is envisioned as both a hyperlocal gathering place and a global cultural landmark. Live performances are curated to set a tone of depth, healing, and integrity. While Free is already fielding offers to replicate the model elsewhere, she’s focused on making this one special. “You didn’t ask the Apollo to be in 50 states. You had to be there. That’s what we’re doing here.”
Brown closed the interview with gratitude for artists like Valerie Troutt and a vision for what’s to come: “We want listening parties. We want a stage that says you don’t have to leave home to be seen. And we want people to know this is a space where you can breathe.”
Hard Knock Radio is a drive-time Hip-Hop talk show on KPFA (94.1fm @ 4-5 pm Monday-Friday), a community radio station without corporate underwriting, hosted by Davey D and Anita Johnson.
The post Silencing the Drum: Dr. Umi Vaughan on Afro-Brazilian Faith, Resistance, and Repression appeared first on KPFA.