Jeff Hawkins is a neuroscientist and cofounder of Numenta, a neuroscience research company. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(10:35) – Collective intelligence
(17:17) – The origin of intelligence in the human brain
(30:31) – How intelligent life evolved on Earth
(41:30) – Why humans are special in the universe
(44:48) – Neurons
(49:02) – A Thousand Brains theory of intelligence
(57:42) – How to build superintelligent AI
(1:15:41) – Sam Harris and existential risk of AI
(1:27:43) – Neuralink
(1:34:34) – Will AI prevent the self-destruction of human civilization?
(1:40:05) – Communicating human knowledge to alien civilizations
(1:50:22) – Devil’s advocate
(1:55:16) – Human nature
(2:03:39) – Hardware for AI
(2:10:18) – Advice for young people

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ضيفة الحلقة حبيبة الصفار، أستاذة الهندسة الطبية الحيوية في جامعة خليفة، وباحثة في طب الهندسة الوراثية. تناولنا في هذه الحلقة مجال الوراثة والجينات والحمض النووي، وفكرة التعديل الجيني للإنسان في المستقبل. تحدثت ضيفتنا عن بدايات الأبحاث في المعلومات الجينية، وتطوُّر هذا العلم إلى مرجعٍ جينيّ لشعوب مختلفة يساعد في فهم تكوُّن الأمراض الجينية والوراثية مثل السكري والربو. كما تحدثت عن مساهمته في تغيير مفهوم التشخيص الطبي. تقول حبيبة الصفار إن الجينات مسؤولة عن الأمراض بنسبة 10% إلى 20%، وتعتمد النسبة المتبقية على نمط الحياة. فقد يكون جين المرض موجودًا في الحمض النووي للإنسان مع ولادته، لكن قد يُفعَّل أو يُثبّط اعتمادًا على عادات الإنسان اليومية من أكل ونوم وحركة. وهذا ما سيساعد البشرية في تفادي الأمراض الوراثية مستقبلًا. تؤمن ضيفتنا بأهمية دراسة المرجع الجيني لكل دولة؛ إذ يساعد التحليل الجيني للحمض النووي في معرفة الأمراض القابلة للاكتساب فيها. غير أن هذا المشروع لا يزال ذا تكلفة مرتفعة بسبب أدوات قراءة المعلومات الحيوية والتقنيات المستخدمة في هذه العملية واعتمادها على الذكاء الاصطناعي. تقول حبيبة الصفار إن الدراسات الجينية سلاحٌ ذو حدَّين. فقد تستعملها بعض الجهات في تجارب غير أخلاقية، إلا أن لجان البحث العلمي والقوانين البحثية في الرقابة ساهمت في إدخال الشرعية على الأبحاث؛ ممّا يصيِّر النتائج آمنة دون تعدٍّ على حقوق الإنسان. وختمت حبيبة الصفار بمشاركتنا تصوُّرها عن مستقبل هذا المجال بعد زيادة الإقبال عليه في ظل الجائحة. وكذلك عن تقنية «كريسبر» التي يمكن من خلالها تعطيل الجينات المسؤولة عن المرض، غير أنها تقنية تحتاج إلى وقت لتطبيقها على أرض الواقع.  الحلقة 227 من بودكاست فنجان، مع حبيبة الصفار. تستطيع أن تستمع للحلقة من خلال تطبيقات البودكاست على الهاتف المحمول. نرشّح الاستماع للبودكاست عبر تطبيق Apple Podcasts على الآيفون iPhone، وتطبيق Google Podcasts على الأندرويد. ويهمنا معرفة رأيكم عن الحلقات، وتقييمك للبودكاست على Apple Podcast. وتستطيع أن تقترح ضيفًا لبودكاست فنجان بمراسلتنا على: [email protected]  فُرص وظيفية على منصة العمل عن بعد، إحدى المبادرات الوطنية التي أطلقتها وزارة الموارد البشرية والتنمية الاجتماعية. زوروا موقع المنصة على هذا الرابط. الروابط: 

• التعديل الجيني للعمود الفقري لدى الفئران — مقطع من «إن بي آر»
• الإنسان كائن مهدد بالانقراض — حلقة حسام زواوي
• لماذا عليك أن تدرس علم الأعصاب؟ — حلقة فهد الحازمي
• العالم وناسا يتآمرون عليك — حلقة محمد قاسم
• هل يمكن لنا اكتشاف لقاح كورونا — حلقة نايف الحربي

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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هناك لحظات وقرارات مفصلية في حياة كل شركة. اليوم، ثمانية تعيش هذه اللحظة، وهذه الحلقة عن قصّة هذا القرار. الروابط: 

• بودكاست الشركة - المقدمة 
• بودكاست سوالف بزنس - سالفة الاستحواذ على شركة ثمانية

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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Chris Duffin is a strength athlete, coach, and engineer, setting multiple strength world records including squatting and deadlifting 1000 lbs for multiple reps. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(07:10) – Performing feats of strength
(13:52) – What does it take to lift 1000 lbs for reps?
(16:43) – From 500 to 1000lb
(17:15) – The mechanics of heavy lifting
(28:32) – What did it feel like to do 1000lbs for reps?
(30:26) – Achieving peak performance
(35:16) – Importance of singular focus
(37:48) – Chris’s childhood
(50:37) – The Eagle and the Dragon: A Story of Strength and Reinvention
(58:21) – Lex on business
(1:04:52) – The Disciplines of Strength
(1:09:33) – Powerlifting
(1:22:37) – Role of strength in MMA, BJJ… and baseball
(1:32:38) – What is Kabuki Strength?
(1:38:55) – Equipment
(1:50:09) – The importance of strong feet
(1:59:15) – Chris’s diet
(2:05:37) – Lex on moderation in food
(2:06:11) – Steroids and PED’s
(2:24:14) – Whiskey and deadlifts
(2:33:03) – Is it better to work hard or smart?
(2:41:52) – Advice for young people
(2:45:02) – Fear of death

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/lex-fridman-podcast--6571540/support.

Ishan Misra is a research scientist at FAIR working on self-supervised visual learning. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(07:49) – Self-supervised learning
(16:24) – Self-supervised learning is the dark matter of intelligence
(20:17) – Categorization
(28:50) – Is computer vision still really hard?
(32:35) – Understanding Language
(42:14) – Harder to solve: vision or language
(48:59) – Contrastive learning & energy-based models
(52:59) – Data augmentation
(57:19) – Fixed audio spike by lowering sound with pen tool
(1:05:33) – Real data vs. augmented data
(1:09:16) – Non-contrastive learning energy based self supervised learning methods
(1:12:54) – Unsupervised learning (SwAV)
(1:15:37) – Self-supervised Pretraining (SEER)
(1:20:44) – Self-supervised learning (SSL) architectures
(1:26:43) – VISSL pytorch-based SSL library
(1:29:38) – Multi-modal
(1:37:06) – Active learning
(1:42:45) – Autonomous driving
(1:54:12) – Limits of deep learning
(1:58:19) – Difference between learning and reasoning
(2:03:26) – Building super-human AI
(2:11:14) – Most beautiful idea in self-supervised learning
(2:15:02) – Simulation for training AI
(2:18:27) – Video games replacing reality
(2:19:40) – How to write a good research paper
(2:24:08) – Best programming language for beginners
(2:25:01) – PyTorch vs TensorFlow
(2:28:26) – Advice for getting into machine learning
(2:30:31) – Advice for young people
(2:32:58) – Meaning of life

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Zach Bitter is an ultramarathon runner and coach. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(07:34) – The marathon mentality
(14:43) – The psychology of quitting
(25:49) – Variety in ultramarathons
(33:04) – What does it take to run 100 miles?
(38:27) – Leading ultramarathon events
(42:09) – Training and race strategy
(44:39) – 100 Mile world record
(48:41) – Foot strike variability and cadence
(51:29) – The 11 hour barrier
(54:57) – The most beautiful thing about running
(1:01:19) – Zach’s training regime
(1:06:06) – MAF 180 Formula
(1:16:31) – Training plans
(1:31:30) – Marathons vs. 100 miles
(1:40:31) – Zach’s diet philosophy
(1:55:19) – Fueling for race day
(2:02:34) – Training while fasted
(2:06:11) – Embracing the chaos
(2:07:41) – 100-Mile treadmill WR
(2:11:51) – The legend of Bert Kreischer
(2:16:16) – The Transcontinental Run across America
(2:33:51) – Who is the greatest endurance athlete of all time?
(2:41:04) – Shoe technology in running
(2:54:14) – Human limits
(2:56:49) – Zach’s biggest obstacles
(3:00:34) – Advice for young people

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Cumrun Vafa is a theoretical physicist at Harvard. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(07:08) – Difference between math and physics
(09:51) – Evolution of quantum mechanics
(13:09) – Can mathematics lead humanity off track
(14:07) – Beauty in mathematics
(19:27) – Philosophers using symmetry
(25:20) – How can ancient geometry be used to understand reality
(28:32) – Key ideas in the history of physics
(31:26) – Einstein’s special relativity
(35:03) – Physicists building intuition
(43:01) – Best work by Einstein
(44:45) – Quantum mechanics
(54:47) – Quantum gravity
(57:02) – String theory
(1:13:11) – 10th Dimension
(1:19:48) – Skepticism regarding string theory
(1:30:53) – Key figures in string theory
(1:35:13) – String Theory’s Nobel Prize
(1:38:18) – Edward Witten
(1:46:56) – String Theory Landscape & Swamplands
(1:55:46) – Theories of everything
(2:10:12) – Advice for young people
(2:13:14) – Death

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Anya Fernald is the co-founder of Belcampo farms, chef, and regenerative agriculture expert. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(09:04) – Cooking is an art and a service
(10:43) – Food is health
(12:45) – Anticipation makes food taste better
(14:36) – Lex on breaking the 72 hour fast
(18:47) – Falling in love with cooking
(20:28) – Alienation during the diet
(23:09) – Cooking advice for minimalists
(29:14) – Complexity of coconut oil
(32:35) – Anya’s favorite meal
(39:17) – Sources of heat
(41:46) – Why do people freak out about barbecue
(44:58) – Does the origin of the meat itself make a difference?
(47:06) – What is regenerative farming?
(51:16) – AI will be a better farmer than humans
(55:17) – Carbon negative farming is possible right now
(57:04) – Certified Humane
(1:00:34) – Evolutionary diet of animals
(1:03:17) – Neuralink can help us understand animals
(1:07:13) – All grass-fed meat made the same?
(1:11:57) – Health benefits of grass-fed beef
(1:16:29) – What does it take to be a woman CEO of a meat company?
(1:23:57) – Making cheese for Italian mafia
(1:27:56) – How to judge a good meal?
(1:29:58) – The best meal in the world
(1:37:48) – Anya played oboe in the Sicily municipal band
(1:39:23) – Hunting has inspired regenerative farming
(1:44:07) – Meaning of life
(1:45:27) – Advice for young people: grow through discomfort

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Rick Doblin is a psychedelics researcher and the founder and executive director of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS). Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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MAPS: https://maps.orgPODCAST INFO:
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Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(07:54) – Introduction to psychedelics
(11:09) – Psychedelics reveals the inner depths of humans
(23:43) – Differences between psychedelics
(31:08) – The future of psychedelics
(39:52) – Epigenetics
(45:49) – DMT
(53:16) – Ego dissolution
(56:33) – One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest
(59:32) – Psychedelics and Creativity
(1:03:25) – MKUltra and the Grateful Dead
(1:08:04) – Ted Kaczynski
(1:13:46) – Timothy Leary
(1:21:10) – Good Friday Experiment
(1:25:46) – Forming of MAPS
(1:37:01) – Gaining access to psychedelics
(1:45:30) – MDMA Medical Trials
(2:17:00) – Clinical Trials for other substances
(2:21:43) – Future of society with psychedelics
(2:26:13) – Big Pharma
(2:32:32) – Advice for the younger generations
(2:38:17) – Meaning of life

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Konstantin Batygin is a planetary astrophysicist at Caltech. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) – Introduction
(07:17) – Overview of our Solar System
(22:14) – What is the Oort Cloud?
(27:10) – Life in the interstellar medium
(28:42) – Are there aliens out there?
(31:22) – How unique is Earth?
(34:02) – Did Jupiter destroy early planets?
(40:16) – How hard is it to simulate the Universe?
(44:49) – Quantum mechanics in evolution of objects in the Solar system
(49:15) – Simulating the first formations around the Sun
(55:02) – Will it be possible to simulate the full history of the Solar System?
(57:23) – How far should we go with the simulation?
(59:43) – Increasing immersion in video games
(1:06:09) – What is Planet Nine?
(1:12:37) – The origin of life
(1:15:02) – Evidence of Planet Nine
(1:17:32) – Discovery of Neptune
(1:18:42) – When will we find Planet Nine?
(1:21:21) – Planet Nine throws rocks into the Kuiper Belt
(1:25:15) – Could Planet Nine be a primordial black hole?
(1:35:20) – Commercial space revolution boosts science and the human condition
(1:42:46) – Solving sex in space
(1:43:24) – Would humans evolve if we couldn’t see the stars?
(1:49:08) – Military funding and science
(1:53:11) – Is Oumuamua space junk from a distant alien civilization?
(2:06:33) – Wild ideas create the future
(2:14:22) – The perfect place to die
(2:16:03) – Greatest song of all time
(2:22:34) – Music enables science for Konstantin
(2:24:51) – Music practice tips for busy people
(2:28:41) – Memories of 1990s Russia
(2:35:14) – Advice for young people
(2:41:10) – Meaning of life

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