يعمل د. عبدالرحمن الشقير اليوم كأستاذ مساعد في علم الاجتماع بجامعة نايف العربية للعلوم الأمنية؛ وهو مؤرخ وباحث متخصص في علم اجتماع المعرفة ومهتم بالتاريخ الحديث ورصد التحولات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية في المجتمع السعودي. كما أن له عدة بحوث ودراسات تاريخية واجتماعية تدور حول الذاكرة الشعبية للمجتمع وتاريخ منطقة نجد.  يرى الشقير أن التاريخ اليوم يعاني من أزمة نص مقيَّد بخطابه. وبغية تجاوز هذه الأزمة، يلزمنا فحص ومراجعة وإنتاج ما هُمّش سلفًا من تاريخ المنطقة، خصوصًا تاريخ نجد ما قبل الوهابية، حتى نضع «الحدث في السياق، لا النص في الحدث»، ويكون سردنا للرواية السعودية الحديثة اليوم مكمّلًا للمرحلة التي قبلها.  استلهم التاريخ السعودي خبراته وثقافته من 600 سنه. وقد توقف كثيرًا منذ ظهور دعوة الشيخ محمد بن عبدالوهاب حتى تحول إلى تأريخ ديني للمرحلة، وهمش جانبًا كبيرًا من تاريخ المنطقة. مما جعل المؤرخ المعاصر اليوم يقرأ ويكتب التاريخ من منظور ديني متوقف على كتابات ما قبله من المؤرخين.   الحلقة 183 من بودكاست فنجان، مع د. عبدالرحمن الشقير. تستطيع أن تستمع للحلقة من خلال تطبيقات البودكاست على هاتف المحمول. نرشّح الاستماع للبودكاست عبر تطبيق Apple Podcasts على iPhone، وتطبيق Google Podcasts على أندوريد. ويهمنا معرفة رأيك عن الحلقات وتقييمك للبودكاست على iTunes. كما بإمكانك اقتراح ضيفٍ لبودكاست فنجان بمراسلتنا على: [email protected]  الروابط: 

• @alshuqir — حساب د. عبدالرحمن الشقير على تويتر
• موقع عبدالرحمن شقير — دراسات وأبحاث الدكتور
• الذاكرة الشعبية: قراءة اجتماعية — كتاب عبدالرحمن الشقير 
• رأس المال الثقافي — كتاب عبدالرحمن الشقير
• سعد الصويان — باحث مختص في التاريخ الشفهي
• @salamalwail — حساب د. عبدالسلام الوايل على تويتر
• صحيح الأخبار — كتاب محمد بن بليهد 
• من رمل وطين: الأنساب والانتماء القبلي في السعودية — ترجمة فاطمة الشملان

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Joscha Bach is the VP of Research at the AI Foundation, previously doing research at MIT and Harvard. Joscha work explores the workings of the human mind, intelligence, consciousness, life on Earth, and the possibly-simulated fabric of our universe. Support this podcast by supporting these sponsors:
– ExpressVPN at https://www.expressvpn.com/lexpod
– Cash App – use code “LexPodcast” and download:
– Cash App (App Store): https://apple.co/2sPrUHe
– Cash App (Google Play): https://bit.ly/2MlvP5w This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE:
00:00 – Introduction
03:14 – Reverse engineering Joscha Bach
10:38 – Nature of truth
18:47 – Original thinking
23:14 – Sentience vs intelligence
31:45 – Mind vs Reality
46:51 – Hard problem of consciousness
51:09 – Connection between the mind and the universe
56:29 – What is consciousness
1:02:32 – Language and concepts
1:09:02 – Meta-learning
1:16:35 – Spirit
1:18:10 – Our civilization may not exist for long
1:37:48 – Twitter and social media
1:44:52 – What systems of government might work well?
1:47:12 – The way out of self-destruction with AI
1:55:18 – AI simulating humans to understand its own nature
2:04:32 – Reinforcement learning
2:09:12 – Commonsense reasoning
2:15:47 – Would AGI need to have a body?
2:22:34 – Neuralink
2:27:01 – Reasoning at the scale of neurons and societies
2:37:16 – Role of emotion
2:48:03 – Happiness is a cookie that your brain bakes for itself

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Karl Friston is one of the greatest neuroscientists in history, cited over 245,000 times, known for many influential ideas in brain imaging, neuroscience, and theoretical neurobiology, including the fascinating idea of the free-energy principle for action and perception. Support this podcast by signing up with these sponsors:
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Karl’s Website: https://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/
Karl’s Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_J._Friston This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE:
00:00 – Introduction
01:50 – How much of the human brain do we understand?
05:53 – Most beautiful characteristic of the human brain
10:43 – Brain imaging
20:38 – Deep structure
21:23 – History of brain imaging
32:31 – Neuralink and brain-computer interfaces
43:05 – Free energy principle
1:24:29 – Meaning of life

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Sertac Karaman is a professor at MIT, co-founder of the autonomous vehicle company Optimus Ride, and is one of top roboticists in the world, including robots that drive and robots that fly. Support this podcast by signing up with these sponsors:
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Sertac’s Website: http://sertac.scripts.mit.edu/web/
Sertac’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/sertackaraman
Optimus Ride: https://www.optimusride.com/ This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE:
00:00 – Introduction
01:44 – Autonomous flying vs autonomous driving
06:37 – Flying cars
10:27 – Role of simulation in robotics
17:35 – Game theory and robotics
24:30 – Autonomous vehicle company strategies
29:46 – Optimus Ride
47:08 – Waymo, Tesla, Optimus Ride timelines
53:22 – Achieving the impossible
53:50 – Iterative learning
58:39 – Is Lidar is a crutch?
1:03:21 – Fast autonomous flight
1:18:06 – Most beautiful idea in robotics

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أزمة كورونا تجتاح العالم، والكل شايلين هم صحتهم.. بينما أصحاب الأعمال والتجارة عندهم همّين، صحتهم وتجارتهم. في هذه الحلقة الخاصة من المحور الثاني، نستعرض هموم رجال الأعمال والتجارة، من خلال تجربة المستورد من الصين أحمد السبيعي، صاحب متجر البيت الصغير واللي لاحظ آثار الأزمة من شهور، وكذلك تجربة فارس التركي، صاحب سلسلة مطاعم فطور فارس والمهتم بالشأن الاقتصادي.  كذلك نستعرض نصائح وزارة الصحة، من خلال مدير التوعية يوسف الهذلول، لكيفية التعامل مع الفيروس كأفراد، وأيضًا نأخذ نظرة عامة على تأثير الأزمة على المطارات والشحن السريع، من خلال أخصائيي الجمارك منصور التويجري وحمد التويجري. تستطيع أن تستمع لحلقات المحور الثاني من خلال تطبيقات البودكاست على الهاتف المحمول. نرشّح الاستماع للبودكاست عبر تطبيق Apple Podcasts على iPhone، وتطبيق Google Podcasts على أندرويد. كما يمكنك أن تقترح ضيفًا لبودكاست فنجان بمراسلتنا على: [email protected]  الروابط: 

• جائحة كورونا والاقتصاد — البودكاست المصوّر على قناة إذاعة ثمانية على يوتيوب
• @SecondPillarSa — المحور الثاني على تويتر

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Stephen Schwarzman is the CEO and Co-Founder of Blackstone, one of the world’s leading investment firms with over 530 billion dollars of assets under management. He is one of the most successful business leaders in history, all from humble beginnings back in Philly. I recommend his recent book called What It Takes that tells stories and lessons from this personal journey. Support this podcast by signing up with these sponsors:
– ExpressVPN at https://www.expressvpn.com/lexpod
– MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lex EPISODE LINKS:
What It Takes (book): https://amzn.to/2WX9cZu This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE:
00:00 – Introduction
04:17 – Going big in business
07:34 – How to recognize an opportunity
16:00 – Solving problems that people have
25:26 – Philanthropy
32:51 – Hope for the new College of Computing at MIT
37:32 – Unintended consequences of technological innovation
42:24 – Education systems in China and United States
50:22 – American AI Initiative
59:53 – Starting a business is a rough ride
1:04:26 – Love and family

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Dawn Song is a professor of computer science at UC Berkeley with research interests in security, most recently with a focus on the intersection between computer security and machine learning. Support this podcast by signing up with these sponsors:
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Dawn’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/dawnsongtweets
Dawn’s Website: https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~dawnsong/
Oasis Labs: https://www.oasislabs.com This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE:
00:00 – Introduction
01:53 – Will software always have security vulnerabilities?
09:06 – Human are the weakest link in security
16:50 – Adversarial machine learning
51:27 – Adversarial attacks on Tesla Autopilot and self-driving cars
57:33 – Privacy attacks
1:05:47 – Ownership of data
1:22:13 – Blockchain and cryptocurrency
1:32:13 – Program synthesis
1:44:57 – A journey from physics to computer science
1:56:03 – US and China
1:58:19 – Transformative moment
2:00:02 – Meaning of life

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نعيش في أيام عجيبة حيث صحتنا الجسدية هي أولى أولياتنا لمرة، وهذا أمر جيد جدًا ولكن ماذا عن الصحة النفسية؟ وكيف يؤثر الإنعزال بعيدًا عن حياتنا وأحبابنا، والقلق من المرض ومتابعة التحديث اليومي لعدد الحالات على صحتنا النفسية؟ ولتذكيركم بأهميتها جمعنا لكم في هذه الحلقة مقتطفات من حلقات فنجان السابقة عن الصحة النفسية. نبدأ بالحديث عن الطب النفسي بين الشرق والغرب، كيف يتعامل الغريبيون والشرقيون مع أطبائهم النفسيين؟ وهل المشاكل هي نفسها في الشرق والغرب؟ وما هو المرض النفسي أساسًا هل هناك حد فاصل ليعلم الأطباء أن ما يعاني منه المريض هو مرض نفسي حقيقي أم أنه أقل من ذلك؟ وننتقل لتجربة رفاه سحاب مع الفقد والشعور بالحزن، فبعد سنوات من الهرب منه تدعو إلى تقبله والتعامل معه كجزء من الحياة بل وتحاول تطبيعه. قد يتعرض المعانون من الفقد للاكتئاب ولكن لحسن الحظ يشرح لنا الدكتور محمد السويدان ما هو الاكتئاب ومبسبباته ويختلف هو والدكتور همام يحيى عند الحديث عن علاقة الاكتئاب بالتدين. الحلقة 182 من بودكاست فنجان. تستطيع أن تستمع للحلقة من خلال تطبيقات البودكاست على الهاتف المحمول. نرشّح الاستماع للبودكاست عبر تطبيق Apple Podcasts على iPhone، وتطبيق Google Podcasts على أندرويد. ويهمنا معرفة رأيكم عن الحلقات، وتقييمك للبودكاست على iTunes. وتستطيع أن تقترح ضيفًا لبودكاست فنجان بمراسلتنا على: [email protected]  الروابط:

• تطبيع الحزن - حلقة فنجان مع رفاه سحاب
• أهمية الصحة النفسية - حلقة فنجان مع محمد السويدان

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Ilya Sutskever is the co-founder of OpenAI, is one of the most cited computer scientist in history with over 165,000 citations, and to me, is one of the most brilliant and insightful minds ever in the field of deep learning. There are very few people in this world who I would rather talk to and brainstorm with about deep learning, intelligence, and life than Ilya, on and off the mic. Support this podcast by signing up with these sponsors:
– Cash App – use code “LexPodcast” and download:
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Ilya’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/ilyasut
Ilya’s Website: https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~ilya/ This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE:
00:00 – Introduction
02:23 – AlexNet paper and the ImageNet moment
08:33 – Cost functions
13:39 – Recurrent neural networks
16:19 – Key ideas that led to success of deep learning
19:57 – What’s harder to solve: language or vision?
29:35 – We’re massively underestimating deep learning
36:04 – Deep double descent
41:20 – Backpropagation
42:42 – Can neural networks be made to reason?
50:35 – Long-term memory
56:37 – Language models
1:00:35 – GPT-2
1:07:14 – Active learning
1:08:52 – Staged release of AI systems
1:13:41 – How to build AGI?
1:25:00 – Question to AGI
1:32:07 – Meaning of life

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Daphne Koller is a professor of computer science at Stanford University, a co-founder of Coursera with Andrew Ng and Founder and CEO of insitro, a company at the intersection of machine learning and biomedicine. Support this podcast by signing up with these sponsors:
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Daphne’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/daphnekoller
Daphne’s Website: https://ai.stanford.edu/users/koller/index.html
Insitro: http://insitro.com This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon. Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. OUTLINE:
00:00 – Introduction
02:22 – Will we one day cure all disease?
06:31 – Longevity
10:16 – Role of machine learning in treating diseases
13:05 – A personal journey to medicine
16:25 – Insitro and disease-in-a-dish models
33:25 – What diseases can be helped with disease-in-a-dish approaches?
36:43 – Coursera and education
49:04 – Advice to people interested in AI
50:52 – Beautiful idea in deep learning
55:10 – Uncertainty in AI
58:29 – AGI and AI safety
1:06:52 – Are most people good?
1:09:04 – Meaning of life

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