Delayed onset muscle soreness. The inevitable outcome of an occasional workout.
Sometimes it shows up with the first step out of bed. As you stand from your bed, pain and stiffness fill your quads and glutes, waking you up faster than jumping in an ice bath.
Or, you take a shower, reach your arm up to wash your pit, brush your pec with your loofa (err...bar of soap), and scream from the soreness in your chest.
Then again, maybe you sneeze, and every muscle fiber in your abs aches with pain.
Welcome to a day with DOMS...Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness. The good news is, it doesn't last forever.
However, like paying taxes on a portion of your income, DOMS is the inevitable effect of some of your best training sessions.
Article ShortcutsWhat Is Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness?What Causes Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness?How To Relieve Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: What Doesn’t WorkHow To Relieve Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: What Might WorkHow To Relieve Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: What Works Summary
When people face DOMS for the first time, they often ask:
“Did I do something wrong?”“How can I make this go away?”
As I often remind clients...
Expect to feel sore periodically, get hurt on occasion, and get injured at some point in the future.
What Is Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness?
Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is the pain, stiffness, and slight swelling you feel in the hours or days following an intense exercise session.
Most of the time, it's triggered by:
Starting a new training program after a prolonged absence or when you’re brand new to exerciseStarting a new block of strength training or changing training style, especially when rep ranges exceed eight reps per set and the volume is higher than averageEccentric or ballistic training (weights, downhill running, plyometrics, etc.)
You might get a little sore from walking or running, but in most cases, the soreness comes from strength-based movements like squats, lunges, presses, jumps, etc. Even body weight exercise, like in boot camp classes, can leave you feeling pretty sore the next few days.
Technically...
DOMS is classified as a type I muscle strain injury and presents with tenderness or stiffness to palpation and/or movement."Cheung K et al. Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness. 2012
Don’t let the word “injury” lead you into believing your muscle soreness should prevent you from physical activity, though. Activity and exercise actually lessen the soreness, whereas remaining sedentary can make things worse.
DOMS slows you down, but it's not debilitating.
The faster you work through it, the sooner you can get back to high-intensity training. As you'll see, there's much you can do to speed through the recovery process.
Soreness appears anywhere from a half day to a day and a half later, and lasts for two to four days. However, in those new to exercise, the tenderness can last a little longer.
A manageable amount of soreness is common, so if you need to grab the toilet seat to sit down the day after hitting your legs once in a while, you’re normal.
What Causes Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness?
You might think scientists today have our bodies all figured out. That’s hardly the case. When it comes to DOMS, they’ve come up with six theories as to what causes it.
I’ll briefly cover the theories here. However,