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In this episode, we are joined by a special guest—Nafeesa Syeed, a writer whose lyrical, deeply personal piece 'A Kashmiri in Cashmere' traces a journey across landscapes, names, and the weight of memory.

We have a conversation about her beautifully crafted essay—one that begins in the Pacific Northwest but stretches all the way to the valleys of Kashmir. (Her essay appears in The Markaz Review’s 50th Issue: Returning Home, https://themarkaz.org/a-kashmiri-in-cashmere/)

In this conversation, we explore the emotional terrain of displacement, the silent echoes of occupation, and the unsettling irony of how the name Cashmere—meant to conjure beauty—rests on land taken from the Wenatchi (P’Squosa) people. A name of one occupied people, laid over land stolen from another.

She explores how Kashmir and Cashmere intersect silently through place-naming, memory, and the weight of erasure. What happens when a name becomes detached from its people? When romanticization overwrites reality?

Nafeesa draws the hidden connections between unmarked graves, missing girls, half-widows, and the deep mental health scars of war. She reflects on how colonial imaginations once saw only Kashmir’s roses and mountains—while ignoring its people’s suffering.

From Judge Chase’s settler vision of natural beauty to Edith Crace-Calvert’s letters from Kashmir to Cashmere in the 1920s, Nafeesa weaves history, memory, and love—telling the story of what it means to long and belong.

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In this episode we talk about the idea of Justice. Among other things we  discuss:

• Justice in the western and Islamic tradition
• Adler’s Syntopicon ( Dictionary of Ideas)
• 102 greatest ideas, boiled to 6 great ideas, Justice being one of them
• Justice as an unlimited good
• Justice for all oppressed peoples of the world - Palestine, Kashmir etc.
• Name of Allah : Al-’Adl العدل
• Name of Allah : Al-Muqsit المقسط
• O you who believe! Be those standing firm for justice, witnesses for God; even if it be against yourselves, your parents, or your relatives––regardless of [any party] being rich or poor, God more rightly knows their case [than you do]. Do not follow your vain desire, leading you to swerve from justice. If you swerve or turn away from the truth, God is well-informed concerning all that you do. (Quran 4:135)
• O you who believe! Be those standing firm for God, witnesses for justice, and do not allow the hatred of a people to prevent you from being just. Be just, for that is closer to God-consciousness. Fear God. Verily, God knows well all that you do. (Quran 5:8)
• The methods proposed by Kant and Rawls to arrive at their abstract ideal of justice are too abstruse to produce a shared value system
• Prophetic Hadith: Umm Salama ( RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: "I am human. You bring your disputes to me. One of you is more persuasive than another, and I [may] rule in his favor on the basis of what I hear from him. Therefore, for the one I have ruled in favor of concerning something rightfully belonging to his brother, let him not take it. Rather, I have portioned off for him a piece of hellfire" [Sahih Muslim]
• In our religious life, balance is maintained when we avoid the extremes of atheism  and of being so engaged in worship that we fail to fulfill our obligations to our fellow humans
• Human act of justice is putting things in their proper places
• The Qur’anic law holds a middle position between the strict Mosaic law that mandates capital punishment in Deuteronomy 19:21 and the Gospel principle to “turn the other cheek” in Matthew 5:39
• Prophetic Hadith : On the authority of Abu Sa`eed al-Khudree (RA ) who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, “Whosoever of you sees an evil, let him change it with his hand; and if he is not able to do so, then [let him change it] with his tongue; and if he is not able to do so, then with his heart — and that is the weakest of faith.” [Sahih Muslim]
• The fact that there are so many injustices in the world, is a proof that there IS a Hereafter where Ultimate Justice will be delivered by the Almighty
• Islamic view of justice involves relations between friends and enemies and between the strong and the weak, and in some contexts is a utilitarian calculation. It is the gift of revelation, yet it benefits from reason. It accommodates morality. It addresses the soul, the individual, and society. In that it originates with God, it exists as a transcendental ideal. Yet it is an ideal that humans are enjoined to actualize in our lives
• https://renovatio.zaytuna.edu/article/things-in-their-proper-places
• https://yaqeeninstitute.org/read/paper/the-idea-of-justice-in-the-quran
• The Islamic vision of the human is of a creature ennobled by God (17:70), possessing self-esteem (63:7), pursuing strength, recognizing self-interest, crowned by intellect, and reminded to not forget one’s share of the world (28:77). These qualities

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In this episode we have an authentic conversation in Kashmiri (کٲشُر) about Marhoom Prof. Rahman Rahi's multi-dimensional themes found in his literary works.
Guided by our special guest , Zareef Ahmed Zareef , a celebrated poet of the Kashmiri language himself, we try to feel and taste the sweetness & depth of Rahi's kalam.
During the conversation we get a chance, to go over various shades of his writings and take a peek into his creative genius.

Among many other things we discuss :
- Rahman Rahi as a teacher at Islamia High School in 1950's
- Boys Meetings with Rahi Sahab at Islamic School
- Jalak ( glimpse ) of various splendid themes of Rahi's work
- Aesthetic Consciousness ( Jamaliati Hyes/ Sha'oor)
- Na'at / Hussainiyaat
- Rahi's place in the Kashmiri poetic landscape
- Allama Iqbal, Poet of the East  - Rozgaare Fakir
- Two types of civilizations - "Nar Qom" and "Maadea Qom"
- "Aql Numa" ( Teachers stick)
- Rahi was poet of the masses, scholars , philosophers & everyone...
- Neil Armstrong (1969)
- What is the essence of the human being?
- Machine|AI vs Human
- How a bulbul is selective while a crow grabs anything and runs with it...

Some verses read in this episode with کٲشُر  script:
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زِندٕ روزنہ باپتہ چھی مران لُکھ 

ژٕ مرکھ نا 

لوتہِ پٲٹھؠ چیکھا پیالہٕ کیوہو

اُف تہِ کَرَکھ نا 

نہ چھُ دارِ الان پَردٕ نہ چھُ 

براندٕ دزان ژونگ 

واوس چھُ ونان کاو ژٕ 

مولوٗم کَرَکھ نا 

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متو راور تٕہ عرفانک اثر ہو 

سفر کٔرؠ کٔرؠ تِہ چھ وُنِہ باقی سفر ہو 

چھ وُنِہ کیاہ تام پرٕگی کایٔناتس 

توے گتھ گتھ کران شمس و قمر ہو 

ستارٔو زول کۆرمت کایٔناتس 

خبرکوت پیٹھ کران آدم سکھر ہو 
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بہ صَحرا یِم صَدا راوَن کۆتامَتھ 

فَلک لاتولُقی ہاوَن کۆتامَتھ 

یِوان رَتہ بۄے چھےٚ یتھ باغس ژۄپاسے 

 لگَےواوو! مےٚ میژ کھیاوَن کۆتامَتھ 

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In this episode we talk exclusively in Kashmiri (کٲشِر)  about Cecil Tyndale-Biscoe's service to Kashmir. Along with our special guest , Shafi Ahmed Qadri , author of a book titled - Biscoe in Kashmir, we explore the various facets of his work and what impact it has historically made and continues to make in current times.

Among many other things we discuss :
- "Bojan" as a facet of Maaz Meaczhar
- How Biscoe wanted to inculcate Self respect in Kashmiris
- Character building of Kashmiris
- Why Biscoe was so particular about sports
- Why Biscoe introduced Swimming
- "If we Britishers had had to undergo what the Kashmiris suffered in the past, we might have lost our manhood"
- Why Biscoe managed to convert only 2 people to christianity !
- Kerea = Christian
- Ashoka | Rinchan| Biscoe
- Abolition of Sati ( 1857)
- Widow  Re-marriage Act
- How a Brahman would not kill a fish but had no qualms eating it!
- Sea water is melted butter !
- Prostitution ( Maisum/ Tashwan)
- Animal shelter at the school and advocacy of their rights
- Bribery
- "Everything has context"
- Context = Pot Manzar
- "Spare the rod, spoil the child "
- Fire brigade setup at the school
- Kashmir in Sunlight and Shade - book by Cecil Biscoe
- Biscoe in Kashmir - book by Shafi Ahmed Qadri
- The Missionary and the Maharajas - book by Hugh Biscoe, grandson of Cecil Biscoe
- Mir Syed Ali Hamadani
- Ahraf-ul-Makhlooq
- Imperialism/ Colonialism
- Hugh Biscoe's book review
- "Every inch an Biscoe boy..."
- Boxing
- Quartz Smugglers
- "Headow" School
- Nilnag lake
- Nettle = Soi

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In this episode we talk about the idea of happiness.
What does it really mean to be happy?  Is it transient or lasting? Is it relative or something absolute? Is it only a means or an end in itself. Does it mean that during our limited life span we are happy in every waking and sleeping moment? Is there a blueprint for happiness?
Among many other things we discuss :
- Idea of Happiness in The Holy Quran  (Surah Yunus 57-58 )
- Alchemy of Happiness ( Imam Al Ghazali)
- Happiness has roots in old english word "Happ", meaning fate or luck
- Cataract of the Heart
-  The_Revival_of_the_Religious_Sciences  (Imam Al Ghazali's Magnum Opus)
- Story of the Reed Flute ( From Mawlānā Jalāl al-Dīn Rumi's  Masnavi )
- "When I have fashioned him and breathed My spirit into him..." ( Surah Hijr 29 )
- Man's search for Meaning ( Viktor Emil Frankl) 
- Harvard's longest running study on Happiness ( 1938)
- Maslow's Hierarchy of needs
- Scientific Method vs Scientism
- Jefferson's Pursuit of Happiness
- Oppressed peoples around the world are denied this right of the Pursuit of Happiness
- John Lock
- Pleasure/ Power/ Meaning ( Freud /Adler/ Frankl) 

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In this episode, along with our special guest Dr. Jane Strand, we talk about our serendipitous meeting and revisit a local Kashmiri story about Jana and her relationship with Robert Thorp. Based on new research, we identify a historical error and propose to rectify it.

Among many other things we discuss :
Cashmere Misgovernment ( Robert Thorp's famous book)
Trip to Sugaen ( A village in Budgam, Kashmir)
Serendipitous meeting with a blood relative of Robert Thorp in San Francisco
Wounded Paradise
Speaking Truth to Power
People of Principle & People of Convenience
Critically looking at the stories/narratives we have been told
Piety & Selfless service being the highest virtues
Treaty of Amritsar
Begaer ( forced, unpaid labor)
Unsung Heroes
Family Trees

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In this episode we continue our conversation from the previous episode and explore other themes prevalent in the society, 1950's and onwards. We deliberate on the question: Why it matters to know our story or history ?
Conversation is in  Kashmiri (کٲشِر) and among the ideas touched on:
The Mufti House Hold 
Kashur Quran text
Kashur Quran Audio
Meagre Economic means
Jabri School
Midday Meal
Islamia School
Biscoe School
"Those who don't thank people , don't thank God "
Bate/ Musalman Interactions
Hanafi Fiqh
Book Exchange at Habba Kadal
Shia/Sunni
Myean Kath ( Autobiography of Shamla Mufti)
Tange/ Naav ( Transport) 
Does the boat go over or under the bridge!
How Australian cricket team played in " Zoon Gash"  ( Moon Light)
Saze Loang / Gormoj Gor / Latkij Lot/ Kabadh

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In this episode we talk exclusively in Kashmiri (کٲشِر) and take a peek into the 1950's & onwards scene of the social, economic, religious and political situation in the Kashmir Valley. We attempt to address the question : Why it matters to know our story or history ?
Among many other things we discuss :
Maaz Meaczhar and its deeper meanings
Czeke/Kote divisions
Sher/Gade vs Bakre 
Nafl Boene ( Chinar)
Goga/ Suer Vael
Peace Brigade ( 29/15)
How radios are imprisoned!
16 Anna = 1 Rupee = 64 Paisa
Types of Kehnczha which children used to enjoy!
Chanchabeel/ Gaer

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In this episode we look at the idea of doing good in the world without expecting anything in return. We explore the lives of three Unsung Heroes and their contributions to the Kashmiri people. Even Fat Tony gets to ask a question during the conversation!

References:
https://quran.com/99
Wounded Paradise
Kashmir Misgoverned
The Bouquet
Jean-Paul Sartre
Le Duc Tho
Fat Tony ( Nassim Taleb's created character in his works)

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In this episode along with our special guest, Manejah Yaqub , we explore the idea of 'Reading' and look at how it can enrich our lives.

How to be a part of the grand conversation between the greatest minds that have ever lived, who discussed themes which have concerned us all along the ages.

We reflect on the prose-poetry of Khalil Jibran  - On Children.
 
References:
https://quran.com/96
https://renovatio.zaytuna.edu/article/the-egalitarian-objection-to-liberal-education
https://poets.org/poem/children-1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_to_Read_a_Book#