In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Shaina A. Rozell, a hematologist-oncologist at Affiliate Oncology in Chicago, Illinois, explores the rapidly advancing field of multiple myeloma treatment. She discusses how quadruplet therapies, MRD monitoring, and novel immunotherapies like bispecific antibodies and CAR-T are transforming outcomes for patients. Dr. Rozell also examines disparities in access to care, the growing role of community practices in clinical trials, and the balance between extending survival and preserving quality of life.

Episode Highlights

1. The Rise of Quadruplet Therapy Dr. Rozell explains how treatment has evolved from triplet to quadruplet regimens, incorporating agents such as daratumumab and isatuximab. These combinations have led to higher sustained MRD negativity and longer progression-free survival, offering some patients an alternative to stem cell transplantation.

2. Redefining the Role of Stem Cell Transplant While autologous transplants remain a mainstay, Dr. Rozell notes that emerging immunotherapies may one day reduce their necessity. She compares the shift in multiple myeloma to the eventual phasing out of stem cell transplants in breast cancer.

3. CAR-T and Bispecific Antibodies Access and feasibility play major roles in therapy selection. Dr. Rozell contrasts CAR-T—limited to tertiary centers—with bispecifics, which can now be administered in some community practices. Collaboration between local clinics and academic centers remains crucial for expanding access.

4. Supportive Care and Toxicity Management Advances in bone protection, infection prevention, and supportive care bundles are improving patient quality of life. However, Dr. Rozell underscores the ongoing challenge of managing long-term toxicities like neuropathy and heart failure.

5. Genetic and Cytogenetic Factors Cytogenetic abnormalities such as 17p deletions continue to shape prognosis and treatment choice. Dr. Rozell highlights the need for consistent genetic testing and patient education to ensure optimal therapeutic decisions.

6. Clinical Trial Diversity and Representation Dr. Rozell advocates for greater minority participation in clinical research, emphasizing the importance of trust, communication, and representation among both patients and providers to ensure equitable advancement of care.

7. The Future of Myeloma Research Looking ahead, Dr. Rozell anticipates MRD will become a central endpoint in clinical trials. She envisions a future with more home-based treatments, enhanced telemedicine integration, and continued innovation in supportive care and survivorship strategies.

Key Takeaway

Dr. Shaina Rozell underscores the transformation of multiple myeloma treatment through quadruplet therapies and MRD-driven care. By combining innovation, equity, and collaboration between community and academic centers, the field is moving closer to more accessible, effective, and personalized care for all patients.

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In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Tonia L. Farmer, a board-certified otolaryngologist and head & neck surgeon, discusses the gaps in ENT care, the growing impact of HPV-related cancers, and the importance of education and early detection in improving outcomes—particularly for underserved communities. Drawing from years of practice, Dr. Farmer explores how social, behavioral, and environmental factors shape ENT health and shares insights on emerging research and technologies revolutionizing the field.

Episode Highlights

Addressing Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities Dr. Farmer highlights the persistent disparities in ENT care, especially among Black patients, who often present with more advanced head and neck cancers. She attributes these gaps not only to mistrust in healthcare systems but also to delayed care-seeking behaviors and limited access to specialists. By increasing community education and early screening, she emphasizes the potential to close these gaps.

Lifestyle Trends and HPV-Related Throat Cancers Dr. Farmer discusses the rise of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers, noting how sexual behavior trends—including unprotected oral sex and multiple partners—have contributed to a surge in HPV-16–linked head and neck cancers. She stresses that while most HPV infections clear naturally, persistent infections can remain dormant for decades, leading to cancer later in life. Her message is clear: education and vaccination are key preventive tools.

Recognizing Early Symptoms and Common Misdiagnoses Many patients miss early warning signs of throat cancer—such as persistent sore throat, voice changes, unilateral ear pain, or lumps in the neck. Dr. Farmer explains that these symptoms are frequently mistaken for minor infections or TMJ disorders. She urges primary care providers to be aware of these red flags to ensure timely ENT referrals and faster diagnosis.

Emerging Research and Technological Advances Dr. Farmer shares her excitement about ongoing research in oral HPV testing and tinnitus management—including potential implant technologies that could reduce chronic ringing in the ears. She also discusses how robotic-assisted surgery is transforming head and neck procedures and how AI may soon reshape diagnostics and patient engagement.

Environmental and Social Impacts on ENT Health Environmental issues, such as air pollution from wildfires, chemical spills, and urban exposure, are increasingly linked to respiratory and sinus disorders. Dr. Farmer notes how such factors exacerbate conditions like sinusitis and chronic throat irritation, especially in vulnerable communities.

The Power of Education and Social Media Beyond her clinical work, Dr. Farmer uses social media as an educational platform to spread accurate ENT health information. She believes digital outreach plays a crucial role in combating misinformation, empowering patients, and improving public understanding of ENT health.

Key Takeaway

Dr. Tonia L. Farmer emphasizes that early education, lifestyle awareness, and preventive care are vital in reducing ENT health disparities. Through research, technology, and public engagement, clinicians can help patients recognize symptoms earlier, make informed health choices, and improve outcomes across diverse populations.

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In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Christopher Kaisa, Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition at the University of Chicago Medicine, provides an in-depth discussion on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) and the evolving strategies for its management. He explains the latest non-invasive diagnostic tools, pharmacologic advancements, and the importance of multidisciplinary care in improving outcomes for patients with metabolic liver disease.

Episode Highlights: Patient Populations and Risk Factors Dr. Kaisa describes how obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension significantly increase the risk of developing MASH. He notes that up to 75% of patients with obesity and diabetes may have some form of fatty liver disease—underscoring the urgent need for early detection and intervention. Gaps in Primary Care and Early Detection

He discusses existing gaps in primary care screening, emphasizing the importance of education and access to specialized metabolic liver clinics. Early identification of at-risk patients using tools like FibroScan and non-invasive fibrosis scores can dramatically change patient trajectories.

Risk Stratification and Fibrosis Assessment

Dr. Kaisa details how fibrosis staging correlates with both cardiovascular and liver-related mortality. He explains the use of non-invasive tests (NITs)—including FibroScan and fibrosis scores—to monitor disease progression and therapy response over time.

Therapies and Monitoring

The episode highlights new treatments, such as resmetirom and GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., semaglutide), which have shown fibrotic and inflammatory benefits in clinical trials. Dr. Kaisa explains how these agents are monitored, when to adjust dosages, and how to manage common gastrointestinal side effects.

Multidisciplinary Collaboration

Dr. Kaisa emphasizes the value of a multidisciplinary team, including hepatologists, endocrinologists, dietitians, and pharmacists, to manage the complex comorbidities associated with MASH. This integrated approach enables personalized and effective care for each patient.

The Role of Genetics and Personalized Medicine

He also discusses the PNPLA3 genetic variant, a known risk factor among certain ethnic groups, particularly those of Hispanic descent. Recognizing genetic predispositions helps clinicians counsel patients on modifiable risk factors such as diet, exercise, and metabolic control.

Clinical Trials and Access to New Treatments

Dr. Kaisa explains how clinical trials serve as vital access points for emerging therapies, especially for patients who may not tolerate or qualify for current treatments. He stresses the need to broaden patient participation in research to ensure equitable advancement in the field.

Key Takeaway

Dr. Kaisa underscores the critical importance of early detection, comprehensive metabolic management, and multidisciplinary collaboration in treating MASH. With the recent FDA approval of semaglutide for MASH, and ongoing advancements in personalized medicine, clinicians have powerful new tools to change the trajectory of this increasingly prevalent disease.

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In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Rachael Sood, a diabetes nurse practitioner and certified diabetes care and education specialist from New Orleans, Louisiana, shares her insights from the 85th American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions. As the founder of The Diabetes Collective, Dr. Sood discusses the evolution of diabetology—a specialized field focused solely on the identification, treatment, and management of diabetes across all patient populations.

Dr. Sood explores how personalized diagnostics, innovative technology, and education-driven care models are reshaping outcomes for patients with type 1, type 2, and prediabetes. She highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis, the role of genetic predisposition, and why clinicians must move beyond relying solely on hemoglobin A1C levels to ensure proper disease identification and management.

Episode Highlights

Transforming the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes Dr. Sood explains the principles of diabetology and how it differs from traditional endocrinology. She emphasizes comprehensive assessment, including antibody screening, glucose monitoring, and the integration of genomic insights to accurately distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Technology as a Game-Changer in Diabetes Care Dr. Sood shares how continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and insulin pumps have revolutionized real-time patient engagement. These smart biosensors empower patients to understand how lifestyle, stress, and nutrition directly affect glucose levels, fostering self-awareness and adherence to treatment plans.

Overcoming Clinical Inertia and Patient Barriers She highlights the need to address clinical inertia, encouraging clinicians to adapt treatment plans as patients' needs evolve. Dr. Sood underscores the importance of patient education, empathy, and collaboration with family and community networks to improve adherence and reduce care fatigue.

Breakthroughs in Treatment and Research Reporting from the ADA conference, Dr. Sood discusses the promising results of Vertex Pharmaceuticals' islet cell therapy, which shows evidence of restoring natural insulin production in type 1 diabetes. She also explains the role of TZLD (teplizumab) in delaying the onset of type 1 diabetes, potentially changing the disease trajectory for high-risk patients.

Next-Generation Therapies and GLP-1 Innovation Dr. Sood breaks down the expanding role of GLP-1 receptor agonists—from glucose regulation to benefits in cardiovascular health, weight management, and chronic kidney disease. She reveals data on the new CagreSema combination therapy, which combines semaglutide with an amylin analog, showing over 20% weight reduction and improved metabolic outcomes.

Insurance and Access Challenges Dr. Sood addresses the ongoing struggle of insurance coverage, prior authorizations, and high costs for new medications, offering practical advice for clinicians and patients to navigate access through manufacturer programs and cash-based options.

Key Takeaway Dr. Sood emphasizes that diabetes care is entering a transformative era—one defined by early detection, patient empowerment, and precision medicine. With new therapies, technologies, and care models emerging rapidly, collaboration among clinicians, patients, and innovators will be essential to achieving long-term success in diabetes prevention and management.

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In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Martin Kaiser, Consultant Hematologist at the Royal Marsden Hospital and Professor of Hematology at the Institute of Cancer Research, London, discusses groundbreaking advances in the diagnosis and management of high-risk multiple myeloma. Drawing insights from the OptiMUM trial and related studies, Dr. Kaiser explores how genetic profiling, long-term treatment intensity, and personalized approaches are transforming patient outcomes. He also examines the challenges of treatment accessibility, the promise of T-cell–based therapies, and the evolving role of AI and MRI technology in hematology.

Episode Highlights

Understanding High-Risk Myeloma Dr. Kaiser explains that multiple myeloma varies greatly between patients, with high-risk myeloma representing the most aggressive form. Recent progress in genetic diagnostics now enables clinicians to identify these patients more accurately using chromosomal translocations, deletions, and point mutations such as TP53.

New Guidelines and Diagnostic Tools He highlights a newly published international guideline that promotes the use of advanced genetic and molecular tools to define high-risk myeloma. This progress allows for more precise risk stratification and individualized care planning.

The OptiMUM Trial: Redefining Treatment Duration Dr. Kaiser shares results from the OptiMUM trial, which demonstrated that maintaining treatment intensity beyond the initial six months leads to dramatically improved outcomes—nearly tripling progression-free survival and significantly extending overall survival. He emphasizes that balancing side effects with efficacy is key, and patient feedback plays a central role in long-term management.

Inclusivity in Clinical Research The OptiMUM study included 39 hospitals across the UK, including community and rural centers, ensuring that data represented diverse and underserved populations. This broad inclusion provides strong evidence for the real-world effectiveness of intensive therapy.

Emerging Therapies and the Future of Care Dr. Kaiser discusses T-cell–based treatments, including CAR-T cells and bispecific antibodies, which are showing remarkable efficacy in relapsed or refractory myeloma. He anticipates their movement into earlier lines of therapy, potentially reshaping high-risk myeloma management in the coming years.

Balancing Quality of Life and Long-Term Treatment Sustained therapy requires careful patient–physician collaboration. Dr. Kaiser stresses the importance of listening to patients, managing side effects proactively, and individualizing care to maintain adherence without compromising quality of life.

Monitoring and Diagnostics Innovations He describes advances in whole-body MRI and minimal residual disease (MRD) testing, which provide earlier and more sensitive detection of relapse. Combined with regular blood monitoring, these innovations support proactive, precision-guided care.

Looking Ahead: AI and Genomic Insights Dr. Kaiser envisions AI-driven imaging and data analysis as the next frontier in myeloma diagnostics. By combining genetic, epigenetic, and imaging data, AI tools could soon enhance diagnostic speed, accuracy, and personalization in clinical practice.

Key Takeaway

Dr. Martin Kaiser emphasizes that high-risk myeloma care is entering a new era—defined by genomic precision, long-term treatment optimization, and advanced diagnostics. By sustaining therapy intensity and improving diagnostic access, clinicians can achieve longer remissions and better survival outcomes. Collaboration among healthcare systems, researchers, and patients remains vital to ensure equitable access to these life-extending innovations.

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In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Mark R. Litzow, Professor of Medicine at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, discusses the groundbreaking findings from the ECOG-ACRIN E1910 trial and the evolving role of immunotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). He explores how real-world evidence complements clinical trials, the challenges of standardizing measurable residual disease (MRD) testing, and the future of personalized treatment strategies in hematologic malignancies.

Dr. Litzow shares deep insights into how immunotherapy has transformed survival outcomes, how clinicians can balance efficacy and neuropsychiatric side effects, and why cross-disciplinary collaboration is key to advancing oncology care.

Episode Highlights

Real-World Evidence and Clinical Practice Dr. Litzow explains the growing importance of real-world data in validating and refining clinical trial outcomes. While clinical trials have strict eligibility criteria, real-world settings introduce more patient diversity, offering valuable insights into treatment efficacy and tolerability across broader populations.

The ECOG-ACRIN E1910 Trial and Immunotherapy Advances Dr. Litzow details the E1910 trial, which compared standard chemotherapy with and without blinatumomab, an immunotherapy agent targeting CD19 and CD3. The study demonstrated a significant survival benefit—85% versus 68%— for patients receiving blinatumomab, establishing it as a new standard of care for MRD-negative ALL patients.

Integrating MRD and Genomic Profiling in Decision-Making He highlights how MRD testing and molecular risk profiling are shaping treatment pathways, enabling clinicians to better identify patients who can potentially avoid bone marrow transplantation through effective immunotherapy.

Adapting Pediatric Regimens for Adult Patients Dr. Litzow discusses the use of pediatric-inspired chemotherapy regimens in younger adults and the challenges in adapting these treatments for older or high-risk patients. He emphasizes careful monitoring for toxicities such as hepatic and neuropsychiatric effects.

Balancing Treatment Intensity and Quality of Life With immunotherapy showing strong efficacy, Dr. Litzow anticipates future strategies that reduce chemotherapy exposure, lower toxicity, and improve patient quality of life—especially for older adults or those with comorbidities.

Future Directions: AI, Cross-Specialty Collaboration, and Inflammation Research Dr. Litzow shares his optimism about artificial intelligence enhancing trial data analysis and calls for cross-disciplinary collaboration between cancer biologists and clinicians. He also emphasizes the emerging role of inflammation in cancer development, urging broader, non-linear approaches to understanding disease mechanisms.

Key Takeaway

Dr. Litzow underscores a new era in ALL treatment—where immunotherapy, real-world evidence, and molecular diagnostics intersect to personalize care, extend survival, and minimize toxicity. As clinical science evolves, the focus is shifting from intensifying chemotherapy to optimizing immune-based precision therapies that improve both outcomes and quality of life.

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In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Sassan Mirfakhraee, adult endocrinologist and associate professor at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, shares groundbreaking insights into the management of adrenal insufficiency. At the Endocrine 2025 conference, Dr. Mirfakhraee presented his research on utilizing insulin pumps to deliver hydrocortisone—an innovative off-label approach that is showing promising results for patients who remain symptomatic on oral therapy.

He explains how this strategy better mimics the body's natural cortisol rhythm, improves quality of life, and reduces ER visits and hospitalizations for patients with persistent symptoms. Dr. Mirfakhraee also outlines patient selection criteria, training protocols, safety considerations, and the potential for remote monitoring via pump data.

This conversation highlights the importance of personalized care in endocrinology, bridging innovation with clinical practice to improve outcomes for patients with challenging conditions.

Episode Highlights:

New Approach to Adrenal Insufficiency Dr. Mirfakhraee introduces the use of insulin pumps for hydrocortisone infusion, addressing limitations of oral steroids that often fail to fully resolve symptoms.

Mimicking Cortisol's Natural Rhythm The pump allows for overnight delivery and tailored boluses, reducing symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, fatigue, and morning crashes that patients often face with oral therapy.

Patient Selection and Benefits He outlines which patients may benefit most—those with persistent symptoms, frequent adrenal crises, malabsorption issues, or shift-work challenges—while ensuring other conditions are ruled out.

Remote Monitoring and Safety Insulin pumps enable cloud-based data sharing, allowing clinicians to monitor dosing, adjustments, and stress dosing remotely. While generally safe, clinicians must remain vigilant for issues like skin infections or infusion interruptions.

Training and Quality of Life Through support from diabetes educators, patients learn how to manage pump settings and troubleshoot. Many report dramatic improvements—returning to work, engaging in family life, and regaining independence.

Future Research Needs Dr. Mirfakhraee stresses the need for standardized pump settings, broader data collection, and insurance approval pathways to make this therapy more accessible.

Key Takeaway:

Insulin pump-based hydrocortisone delivery offers a promising new avenue for patients with adrenal insufficiency who remain symptomatic on oral therapy. By improving quality of life, reducing crises, and allowing for tailored dosing, this approach may represent a paradigm shift in endocrine care.

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In this episode of MD Newsline, we welcome Dr. Emily Zboril, a PhD candidate at Virginia Commonwealth University, to discuss her groundbreaking research on ER-positive breast cancer with bone metastasis. Emily sheds light on the unique challenges of treating this condition, the role of the bone microenvironment, and how novel therapies like lazophoxifene may change the landscape of care.

She explains how endocrine therapies currently used to block estrogen signaling often worsen bone fragility, leading to osteoporosis, fractures, and increased metastatic growth. Emily's research investigates lazophoxifene, a compound with bone-protective properties that could not only reduce metastatic burden but also improve patients' quality of life.

Her work also highlights the potential of new technologies, including spatial transcriptomics and proteomics, to deepen understanding of the bone–cancer interaction and identify biomarkers for treatment response. With ongoing phase III clinical trials, Emily shares her vision for how lazophoxifene and combination therapies may soon offer more effective, less toxic treatment options for patients living with bone metastasis.

Episode Highlights:

Bone Metastasis Challenges in ER-Positive Breast Cancer Emily outlines why treating bone metastasis is so complex, particularly due to the impact of estrogen signaling on bone health.

Promise of Lazophoxifene She introduces lazophoxifene as a bone-protective estrogen receptor modulator, showing strong results in preclinical models and offering a safer alternative to drugs like tamoxifen.

New Technology in Cancer Research Cutting-edge approaches such as spatial transcriptomics and proteomics are helping her team map the interactions between cancer and bone cells, advancing precision medicine.

Clinical Trials and Future Directions Emily discusses the ongoing ELANE-3 clinical trial and how results may shape the use of lazophoxifene in both metastatic and adjuvant therapy settings.

Key Takeaway:

Emily Zaboral's research underscores the potential of lazophoxifene to transform treatment for ER-positive breast cancer patients with bone metastasis by protecting bone health, reducing metastatic spread, and improving survival outcomes. With new technologies and clinical trials underway, the future of care for these patients is moving toward safer, more effective therapies. Resources:

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In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Alyson K. Myers, endocrinologist and Associate Chair for Faculty Mentoring and Community Engagement at Montefiore in the Bronx, dives into one of the most pressing and underrecognized complications of diabetes: diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and the devastating risk of amputations. She discusses the intersection of clinical care, social determinants of health, and healthcare disparities, while also highlighting emerging technologies and multidisciplinary clinic models designed to reduce risks and improve patient outcomes. Drawing on her extensive experience in diabetes management and community engagement, Dr. Myers emphasizes both the urgent need for systemic change and the practical tools clinicians can use today to protect their patients.

Episode Highlights

High Amputation Risk in Diabetic Foot Ulcers Dr. Myers shares sobering statistics, noting that 44% of patients who present with a diabetic foot ulcer undergo an amputation within five years. This reality highlights the urgency of early screening, prevention, and intervention in diabetes care. She stresses that DFUs are not only medical complications but also markers of systemic inequity and missed opportunities for prevention.

The Role of Social Determinants of Health Dr. Myers explores how socioeconomic status, racial disparities, and provider bias profoundly shape patient outcomes. In the Bronx and other underserved areas, patients often face delays in diagnosis, limited access to care, and inconsistent follow-up, all of which contribute to worse outcomes. She emphasizes the importance of addressing these systemic barriers alongside clinical treatment.

Innovative Technology for Prevention Emerging tools, such as thermal-sensing mats and sensor-equipped socks, offer promising ways to identify foot ulcers before they progress. These devices can detect subtle temperature changes that indicate early tissue damage, allowing patients and providers to intervene earlier. Dr. Myers highlights the potential of technology to improve adherence and reduce disparities by making self-care more accessible.

Building Multidisciplinary DFU Clinics Dr. Myers describes the creation of a multidisciplinary DFU clinic in the Bronx, modeled after programs at institutions like Stanford. By integrating endocrinology, podiatry, vascular surgery, infectious disease, and behavioral health, this model ensures that patients receive comprehensive, coordinated care. She explains how this approach can drastically reduce amputation rates and improve long-term patient outcomes.

Patient and Caregiver Education Education remains a cornerstone of DFU prevention. Dr. Myers emphasizes strategies such as ensuring patients wear proper footwear, involving caregivers and family members in diabetes care, and simplifying self-care routines. She points out that community-based education and culturally sensitive approaches are essential for building trust and improving adherence.

Advocacy and Policy Change Beyond clinical care, Dr. Myers stresses the importance of advocacy and systemic reform. She calls for insurance coverage expansion for proven therapies, including GLP-1 receptor agonists and PAD (peripheral arterial disease) screenings, which can significantly improve outcomes. Her message is clear: reducing disparities in diabetes care requires action at every level—from the exam room to healthcare policy.

Key Takeaway

Diabetic foot ulcers are a leading cause of amputation, yet they remain preventable with the right tools and care models. Through early detection technologies, multidisciplinary clinics, culturally sensitive education, and equitable access to therapies, healthcare providers can dramatically improve patient outcomes and close persistent gaps in diabetes care.

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In this episode of MD Newsline, Dr. Andreas Hochhaus, Professor of Internal Medicine, Hematology, and Oncology at the Comprehensive Cancer Center in Jena, Germany, shares his expertise on the evolution of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) therapies. He reflects on decades of progress in CML treatment, from interferon to targeted TKIs, and highlights the importance of tolerability, patient-centered care, and innovative trial data shaping the future of CML management.

Episode Highlights

The Evolution of CML Therapy Dr. Hochhaus outlines the transformation of CML treatment, from interferon to imatinib, and the development of second- and third-generation TKIs. He emphasizes advances in efficacy while acknowledging the persistent challenge of drug resistance.

Managing Tolerability and Side Effects Toxicities such as cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal complications remain key concerns. Dr. Hochhaus discusses how improving tolerability is central to optimizing patient quality of life.

Enliven-01 Trial He highlights the unique pharmacologic profile of Enliven-01, with fewer off-target effects and encouraging safety data, underscoring its potential as a novel therapeutic option.

ASCIMINIB as a New Standard Comparing ASCIMINIB with nilotinib, Dr. Hochhaus explains its superior tolerability and efficacy, positioning it as a game-changer in frontline CML therapy.

Patient-Centered Care and Future Directions Dr. Hochhaus stresses the importance of shared decision-making, molecular monitoring, and pathways to treatment-free remission, while also pointing to challenges such as additional gene mutations and resistance mechanisms.

Key Takeaway

The future of CML treatment lies in balancing efficacy, safety, and patient quality of life. With emerging therapies like Enliven-01 and ASCIMINIB, clinicians can provide more personalized and effective care while expanding opportunities for treatment-free remission.

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