Measles cases in North America have exceeded 3,200, mainly due to low vaccination rates, with children most affected. Clinicians are urged to verify immunization status and close gaps. The EU is restricting azithromycin use amid rising antimicrobial resistance, dropping certain indications and adding new warnings. A trial shows methotrexate is a viable first-line alternative to prednisone for pulmonary sarcoidosis with differing side effects.

This week's episode covers the effectiveness of a fixed-dose albuterol-budesonide combination for asthma, new findings on Nerodomelast for progressive pulmonary fibrosis, the FDA’s endorsement of a new COVID-19 vaccine targeting the JN.1 lineage, and insights into extended-phase anticoagulation for pediatric venous thromboembolism.

A Lancet study warns of consequences for HIV prevention if PEPFAR loses funding, potentially millions of new pediatric HIV cases and increased AIDS-related deaths. Medicare Part D is highlighted, with research linking subsidy loss to higher mortality rates. A report from BMJ notes a 3.1% decline in U.S. drug overdose deaths, signaling a possible peak in the fentanyl crisis.

Drs. Pemmaraju and Bose discuss the revised International Working Group criteria for anemia response in patients with myelofibrosis, outlining new definitions for transfusion status, gender-specific hemoglobin thresholds, and benchmarks for major and minor responses.

Drs. Bose and Pemmaraju discuss leukemic transformation in patients with myelofibrosis, reviewing its incidence, as well as risk factors, treatment, and prognosis.

Drs. Bose and Pemmaraju review secondary myelofibrosis arising from polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia and how it differs from primary myelofibrosis that develops de novo.

Maternal RSV vaccines and infant nirsevimab led to major drops in hospitalizations among infants ≤7 months, especially those ≤2 months old. The CDC’s 2025 nPEP guidelines stress starting HIV prevention within 72 hours of exposure, with rapid testing and follow-up care. Treatment should begin without delay, and patients at ongoing risk should transition to PrEP. Surgical site infections after colorectal surgery have increased 21% since 2019, highlighting the need to strengthen infection control.

Drs. Starling and VanderPluym discuss common diagnostic pitfalls in migraine medicine and how the misinterpretation of symptoms can lead to unnecessary testing or incorrect treatments.

Drs. VanderPluym and Starling review the updated position statement from the American Headache Society indicating that CGRP-targeting migraine therapies should be considered as a first-line option.

This episode features the Beamion LUNG-1 trial, where zongertinib showed a 71% response rate in previously treated HER2-mutant NSCLC patients. The EAGLE-1 trial found gepotidacin non-inferior to standard treatment for urogenital gonorrhoea, with a 92.6% success rate. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and NIH launched the Generation Gold Standard initiative, a universal vaccine platform targeting pandemic-prone viruses, with trials ongoing for H5N1 avian influenza and coronaviruses.