Anti-CGRP therapy has dramatically improved migraine treatment for many patients since its introduction in 2018. However, 30–40% of patients do not respond adequately to these drugs. Prof. Messoud Ashina talks to us about PACAP and why targeting this pathway could offer a new future option for such patients.

In 2005 the US FDA approved the first GLP-1 medicine for type 2 diabetes, marking the start of a remarkable journey that goes beyond the stimulation of insulin secretion.

Prof. Daniel Drucker gives us a fascinating insight into the early work on GLP-1 and discusses how these medicines are impacting the lives of people with diabetes and obesity, covering what's known about how they work, treatment duration, side effects, and the role of bariatric surgery, plus what's in the pipeline in terms of drug development and the indications that GLP-1 medicines may be used to treat in the future.

Global prevalence of myopia in children and adolescents is set to reach 40% by 2050, exceeding 740 million cases.

Reducing incidence and slowing progression is essential, as myopia is linked to sight-threatening complications like retinal detachment, myopic macular degeneration, and glaucoma. Dr. Annegret Dahlmann-Noor explores the reasons behind this increase and what we can do to halt the trend.

"Current treatments for osteoarthritis mostly provide symptomatic relief, and so disease-modifying drugs that target the underlying structural damage would be a game changer. But despite multiple attempts, no DMOAD is yet approved for clinical use.

Prof. Ali Mobasheri takes us through the main challenges, the work being done to address them to make these so-called utopia drugs a reality, and other advances that can offer some hope in the meantime."

Roughly 50% of women over 50 experience sexual dysfunction, yet fewer than 20% report it to their doctor, thinking these changes are 'just part of aging'.

As doctors, we should be helping women lead sexually healthy and fulfilling lives as they age. Prof Holly Thomas tells us how.

The POSITIVE trial previously showed that women with breast cancer can safely interrupt endocrine therapy in order to become pregnant. But what about breastfeeding - is that possible and safe for the mother and baby?

Women can take heart from the latest findings, says Dr. Cristina Saura, as she takes us through these important clinical updates.

Blood-based biomarkers are set to make biological assessment of Alzheimer's disease much quicker and more accessible than has been possible with imaging and CSF biomarkers. Does this mean the disease now be defined as a purely biological entity?

Dr. Nicolas Villain outlines why it is still so important to consider both clinical symptoms and biological findings when making a diagnosis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease is a significant healthcare concern and burden. Until recently there was no approved pharmacologic treatment for the more serious form of the disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

In this wide-ranging conversation, Prof. Vlad Ratziu explains the rationale behind the recently updated subclassification and nomenclature for steatotic liver disease, puts the therapeutic advance of resmetirom into context, and looks to the future for MASLD and MASH.

Since publication of the Berlin criteria for ARDS in 2012, several developments have prompted the need for an update. Last year, an international group of experts rose to the challenge.

But is the new definition necessary and will it have an impact on clinical practice? Prof. Giacomo Grasselli shares his thoughts.