MedMaster by NURSING.com

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Bupropion

Wellbutrin

Depression, smoking cessation, treat ADHD in adults

Not well understood, ↑ dopaminergic and noradrenergic transmission via reuptake

Antidepressants, smoking deterrents

Aminoketones

• May lead to seizures, suicidal thoughts • Do not administer if patient is taking MAOI • Use caution with renal and liver impairment • Assess mental status • Instruct patient to avoid alcohol (may lead to hallucinations, seizures, anxiety)

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Bismuth subsalicylate

Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol

Diarrhea, heartburn, indigestion, H. pylori associated ulcer

Stimulates the absorption of fluids and electrolytes in the intestinal wall, reduction in hypermotility of the stomach, and binds to toxins.

Antidiarrheal, antiulcer, antacid

Absorbent

• Contraindicated in aspirin hypersensitivity • Increase risk for impaction with geriatric and pediatric patients • Monitor liver profile • Bismuth may interfere with radiologic exams

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Bisacodyl

Dulcolax

Treatment of constipation, bowel regimen

Stimulates enteric nerves to cause peristalsis which leads to fluid accumulation in the colon

Laxatives

Stimulant laxatives

• May lead to hypokalemia • May cause abdominal pain and cramps • Not for use within 1 hour of taking milk product • Assess for abdominal distention and bowel function • Instruct patient to drink 1500-2000 mL/day during therapy • Monitor fluid and electrolyte levels • Instruct patient to take as ordered

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Benztropine

Cogentin

Treatment for Parkinson's disease

Exhibits anticholinergic properties (blocks acetylcholine) in the CNS to reduce rigidity and tremors

Antiparkinson agent

Anticholinergic

• May lead to arrhythmias, hypotension, palpitations, and tachycardia • Anticholinergic effects like constipation, dry mouth • Assess for extrapyramidal symptoms • Instruct patient to take as directed • Instruct patient to maintain good oral hygiene

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Azithromycin

Zithromax

URI, chronic bronchitis, lower respiratory infections, otitis media, skin infections, various STIs, prevention of bacterial endocarditis, treatment of cystic fibrosis

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis

Agents for atypical mycobacterium, anti-infectives

Macrolide

• May lead to pseudomembranous colitis, pain, diarrhea, nausea, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, angioedema • May increase risks for warfarin toxicity • Monitor patient for signs of anaphylaxis • Instruct patient to notify physician for diarrhea, or blood or pus in stool • Instruct patient to take medication exactly as prescribed

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Atorvastatin

Lipitor

Management of high cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia), primary prevention of cardiovascular disease

Lowers total cholesterol as well as LDL while slightly increasing HDL. Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase which plays a role in the liver in cholesterol formation

Lipid-lowering agent

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

Simvastatin (Zocor), rosuvastatin (Crestor)

• Contraindicated in active liver disease • May cause rhabdomyolysis • Monitor renal function • Monitor serum cholesterol before, about 4 weeks after starting, and fre- quently during drug therapy • Monitor liver function tests • Instruct patient to report muscle weakness (sign of rhabdomyolysis)