Clindamycin

Generic Name

clindamycin

Trade Name

Cleocin

Indication

skin infections, respiratory tract infections, septicemia, intra-abdominal infections, osteomyelitis

Action

inhibits protein synthesis

Therapeutic Class

Anti-infectives

Pharmacologic Class

none

Nursing Considerations

arrythmias, pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, phlebitis

monitor bowel function

assess for infection, obtain cultures prior to therapy

monitor liver function tests.

monitor CBC

Ciprofloxacin

Generic Name

ciprofloxacin

Trade Name

Cipro

Indication

urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, respiratory tract infections, bronchitis, pneumonia, skin and bone infections, infectious diarrhea, abdominal infections

Action

inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis

Therapeutic Class

anti-infectives

Pharmacologic Class

Fluoroquinolone

Nursing Considerations

contraindicated in allergies

may cause QT prolongation, avoid use with other drugs that can cause QT prolongation

can cause seizures, arrythmias, pseudomembranous colitis, anaphalaxis, Stevens Johnson syndrome

may decreased of phenytoin

monitor renal panel

assess for infection, obtain cultures prior to therapy

monitor liver function tests

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Cimetidine

Generic Name

cimetidine

Trade Name

Tagamet

Indication

treatment of duodenal ulcers, GERD, heartburn, Zollinger Ellison syndrome, prevention of GI bleeding in critical patients.

Action

inhibits action of  histamine leading to inhibition of gastric acid secretion

Therapeutic Class

antiulcer agent

Pharmacologic Class

Histamine H2 antagonist

Nursing Considerations

increases serum level of warfarin

can lead to respiratory infection (green sputum)

monitor for arryhtmias

may cause agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia

monitor CBC during therapy

take medication as directed

instruct patient to increase fluid and fiber intake to decrease constipation

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Chlorpromazine

Generic Name

chlorpromazine

Trade Name

Thorazine

Indication

second line treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis, nausea/vomiting, pre-op sedation, acute intermittent porphyria, headache, bipolar

Action

exhibits anticholinergic activity, alters effects of dopamine in CNS

Therapeutic Class

Antipsychotic, antiemetic

Pharmacologic Class

phenothiazines (dopamine D2 receptor antagonist)

Nursing Considerations

may cause neuroliptic malignant syndrome, sedation, tardive dyskineisa, hypotenstion, agranulocytosis

assess mental status prior to and during treatment

monitor blood pressure

ensure patient is taking medication

monitor CBC and liver function tests

instruct patient not to skip doses or double dose.

Cephalexin

Generic Name

cephalexin

Trade Name

Keflex

Indication

skin infections, pneumonia, UTI, otitis media

Action

bactericidal: binds to bacterial cell wall leading to cell death

Therapeutic Class

anti-infectives

Pharmacologic Class

Cephalosporin 1st generations

Nursing Considerations

contraindicated with cephalosporin and serious penicillin allergies.

may need lead to seizures, pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, phlebitis at IV site, anaphylaxis

Assess infection and allergies

obtain cultures prior to therapy

monitor bowel function

may lead to super infection

may cause elevated liver enzymes

Celecoxib

Generic Name

celecoxib

Trade Name

Celebrex

Indication

osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain

Action

decreases pain and inflammation by inhibiting synthesis of prostaglandins

Therapeutic Class

antirrheumatics/NSAID

Pharmacologic Class

none

Nursing Considerations

use caution with cardiovascular disease

increases risk for MI, CVA, thrombosis

may cause GI bleeding, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, dermatitis

notify provider for new-onset abdominal pain or black stool

Cefdinir

Generic Name

cefdinir

Trade Name

Omnicef

Indication

treatment of skin infections, otitis media

Action

bactericidal, binds to bacterial cell wall causing cell death

Therapeutic Class

anti-infectives

Pharmacologic Class

Cephalosporin 2nd generations

Nursing Considerations

contraindicated in cephalosporin and possibly penicillin allergies

may need lead to seizures, pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, phlebitis at IV site, anaphylaxis

Assess infection and allergies

obtain cultures prior to therapy

monitor bowel function

monitor for bleeding

may lead to super infection

Cefaclor

Generic Name

cefaclor

Trade Name

Ceclor

Indication

treatment of respiratory tract infections, skin infections, otitis media

Action

bacteriacidal, binds to bacterial cell wall causing cell death

Therapeutic Class

anti-infectives

Pharmacologic Class

Cephalosporin 2nd generations

Nursing Considerations

contraindicated in cephalosporin and possibly penicillin allergies

may need lead to seizures, pseudomembranous colitis, diarrhea, phlebitis at IV site, anaphylaxis

Assess infection and allergies

obtain cultures prior to therapy

monitor bowel function

may lead to super infection