Ch. 9 provides a comprehensive overview of pain management, focusing on both its theoretical underpinnings and practical applications in healthcare. It explores the nature and mechanisms of pain, including the differences between nociceptive and neuropathic pain and the physiological processes involved in pain transmission and modulation. The document also addresses the assessment of pain, emphasizing subjective reporting and acknowledging challenges in special populations, alongside discussing various pain treatment strategies, including pharmacological options like nonopioids, opioids, and adjuvant therapies, as well as non-drug interventions. Furthermore, it highlights the role of healthcare professionals in effective pain management, detailing challenges such as tolerance, physical dependence, and addiction, and underscoring the importance of interprofessional collaboration, patient education, and ethical considerations.