In this respiratory series//

Bronchiectasis: pathophysiology, causes, clinical features, investigations, and management.

Memory aids used in this episode/

Causes - CC Your Amateur Intern

Infective causes - WhooP THeM Bro

Pseudomonas infection - CC a specialist

In this respiratory series//

Asthma: Pathophysiology aetiology, investigations presentation and management.

Risk factors and triggers - ASTHMA TRIGGERS

Acute asthma management - MOSAIC

In this orthopaedic series //

Compartment Syndrome: Aetiology, Features, Investigations, Management

In this episode, we tackle the critical topic of compartment syndrome—a surgical emergency that every healthcare professional needs to understand. We break down the pathophysiology of compartment syndrome, exploring how increased pressure within a closed muscle compartment can lead to tissue ischemia and irreversible damage.

Learn to recognize the hallmark signs and symptoms, including the '6 Ps': pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, pulselessness, and poikilothermia, and understand why early diagnosis is crucial. We discuss the common causes, such as fractures, crush injuries, and burns, as well as diagnostic techniques like pressure monitoring.

Finally, we dive into management strategies, focusing on the gold-standard treatment: fasciotomy, and the potential complications if treatment is delayed. Whether you're a medical student, clinician, or just curious about this high-stakes condition, this episode will equip

FRACTURE - Causes of compartment syndrome

5 Ps - features

Osteoporosis: Aetiology, Investigations, Presentation, Management.

"In this episode, we delve into the essentials of osteoporosis—an often silent condition with serious consequences. Join us as we explore the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, including how bone remodeling and hormonal influences contribute to decreased bone density. We discuss the key risk factors, common clinical features, and the most affected sites, such as the vertebrae, hip, and wrist.

Learn how osteoporosis is diagnosed using tools like DEXA scans and the FRAX score, and uncover the latest approaches to prevention and management. From lifestyle modifications and dietary strategies to pharmacological treatments like bisphosphonates and RANK ligand inhibitors, we cover it all.

Whether you're a medical student, healthcare professional, or someone looking to understand more about bone health, this episode provides a comprehensive guide to understanding, diagnosing, and managing osteoporosis effectively. Tune in and learn how to protect your bones for life!

Memory aids used in this episode:

ACCESS LOSS - Risk factors

FRAIL BONE - Clinical Features

Very Cracked Hips Hurt - m/c fracture sites

Alan Rice - 1st line management

Snr. Dan Raloux - 2nd line management

In this orthopaedic series/

Rotator cuff injury: Pathophysiology, Aetiology, clinical features, investigations and managment.

Medical education episode

Describe the anatomy of the rotator cuff including the muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teresminor, subscapularis. Describe the function and nervous supply for each of those muscles. Discuss the pathophysiology of rotator cuff tears from acute tears to chronic degenerative changes. Identify risk factors for rotator cuff injury. Recognize clincal features of shoulder pain, weakness and limited range of active movement. Differentiate between parthial and full thickness tears. Outline the mangement options conservatively and surgically including arthroscopic decompression.

Mnemonics used in this episode /

SITS - rotator cuff muscles

Sarcomas: Pathophysiology, Aetiology, Clinical Features, Investigations and management.

Understand sarcomas and distinguish between bone sarcomas and soft tissue sarcomas. Describe the clinical presentation of sarcomas including pain, swelling, palpable masses, functional impairment and pathological fractures. Explain the diagnostic approach including use of X-Rays, Ultrasounds, MRIs, CT scans and biopsies to determine the type of sarcoma. Outline the key treatment options and how they can be combined and tailored to the patient to provide neoadjuvant/adjuvant/intraoperative/palliative care.

In this orthopaedic series/

Osteoarthritis: pathophysiology, aetiology, presentation, investigation and management.

Memory aids used in this episdoe:

LOSS - SIGNS ON XRAY

In this orthopaedic series /

Osteomyelitis: Pathophysiology, aetiology, features, investigations and management.

SIIE: risk factors of haematogenous osteomyelitis

Diabetic PAD: risk factors of non haemoatogenous osteomyelitis

In this episode, dive into the essential clinical aspects of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).

What causes carpal tunnel syndrome and who is at risk.

The classic symptoms: numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand.

Key clinical tests: Tinel’s sign, Phalen’s test.

Diagnostic workup, including the role of nerve conduction studies.

Treatment options, from splinting and steroids to surgical intervention.

Whether you’re a medical student learning about CTS for exams or a healthcare provider refreshing your knowledge, this episode offers high-yield, practical insights. Tune in for expert tips on recognizing and managing this prevalent neuropathy!

Keywords: carpal tunnel syndrome, CTS clinical features, Tinel’s sign, Phalen’s test, median nerve, carpal tunnel treatment, podcast for medical students, nerve compression syndromes.

Mnemonics used in this episode:

6CSS - Management

ROAR ID - Risk factors

Explore the essentials of upper limb fractures in this comprehensive episode! We cover the basic anatomy of the upper limb bones, the brachial plexus and tips to remember nerve roots, and dive into various fracture types, including humeral, radial, hand, and paediatric fractures. Learn about general fracture patterns—like oblique, displaced, and stress fractures—and understand the complications associated with each. Perfect for medical students, healthcare professionals, and anyone eager to deepen their knowledge of fracture anatomy and management. medical education. medstudent

Fractures discussed in this episode:

Humeral fractures

Colles fracture

Smiths fracture

Bennets fracture

Boxer fracture

Montaggia and galeazzi fracture

bartons fracture

greenstick fracture

buckle/torus fracture

salter haris fracture

Mnemonic used in this episode:

GRUsome MURder - monteggia and galeazzi fractures

Thumbs Under Stress - classic features of scaphoid fracture

3 musketeers assasinated 5 mice 5 rats and 2 unicorns - brachial plexus nerve roots