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The immediate target of new Copper 360 CEO Graham Briggs is 5 000 t of copper in six to 12 months.

Based on current assessments, Briggs is of the firm belief that, within that period, the Johannesburg Stock Exchange AltX-listed Copper 360 can be at a level of 40 000 t of copper ore a month at a grade of 1%, which implies the annualised 5 000 t production level.

"This is where the CEO makes these promises and everyone in the organisation is either glad or worried about what I'm saying. But I think we all agree on this, that sort of progress in the next six to 12 months, we need to get to that 40 000 t of ore at 1%. Yes, there's huge potential beyond that - but that requires more planning. For now it's 5 000 t of copper in six to 12 months," Briggs outlined to Mining Weekly in a Zoom interview on Tuesday, June 10. (Also watch attached Creamer Media video.)

Meanwhile, the former Harmony Gold Mining Company CEO is over the moon about Copper 360's very distinctive multi-asset resource base, which has surprised him on the upside.

"It's got a suite of very promising orebodies. When I look at them, I'm actually surprised how great these orebodies are.

"There's also the metallurgical capacity and the multi-mine operational model strategy. We're not just here to mine - we're here to grow smartly, build sustainably, and deliver value to our investors. This is a new chapter for Copper 360. We have work to do - but the vision is clear, and the opportunity is real," an upbeat Briggs enthused.

Copper 360 is currently advancing the Rietberg mine - operating one metallurgical plant, while two others remain near complete - and is intent on bringing at least two additional orebody projects into production to establish sustainable operational momentum.

The well-progressing Rietberg core asset is set to enable Copper 360 to reach its immediate target levels.

The two additional plants and the two additional projects are earmarked to provide advantageous flexibility that the multi-mine operational model enables.

"I'm very aware that many of our stakeholders - investors, partners, communities, and the broader public - are both curious and, in some cases, concerned about the company's future.

"There's been commentary portraying Copper 360 as a struggling or failing mining company. Let me be clear: this is not an accurate reflection of who we are in Copper 360 because we're a resource-rich, lightly-capitalised exploration company that has only recently begun its transition to production, starting with the development of the Rietberg mine.

"Copper 360 mines are unlike a typical South African view of a mine. We're not built on a single, massive orebody with decades-long mine life and deep-shaft infrastructure. Instead, we hold multiple well-drilled, high-potential, much smaller copper orebodies," Briggs explained.

Mining Weekly: What sort of growth pattern is Copper 360 likely to have under your leadership?

Briggs: The vision is actually quite clear. It's actually been talked about in the past, but not well conceptualised. It's really a multi-mine strategy. We've got a series of small to medium-sized mining operations that feed into a centralised processing facility. Some of these were mined in the past, so we know a lot about the orebodies. They've been accessed via adits and declines. In some cases, openpits are a possibility. They're going to be flexible. We're going to end up with relocatable infrastructure and a model that's well suited to our terrain and certainly the distribution of the orebodies. They're well distributed around the region.

The individual mines will have shorter life spans than we're used to but we may extend their orebodies either laterally or down dip. But the model provides us agility, scalability and we nee...

Mining Weekly Editor Martin Creamer unpacks Mintek’s significant milestone in sustainable metallurgy; Bulgaria being keen on hydrogen collaboration with South African stakeholders; and Wilo’s green hydrogen generation through electrolysis.

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Diversified mining company Jubilee Metals has decided to dispose of its chrome and platinum group metals (PGM) business in South Africa to focus fully on Zambia, where the directors believe there are material opportunities to deliver growth at the existing sites by expanding the portfolio of copper producing assets.

This follows the receipt by the Johannesburg AltX- and London AIM-listed of a conditional binding offer from a private mining and metals trading company to acquire the group's chrome and PGM operations in South Africa for up to $90-million, payable through a combination of upfront cash and deferred cash over three years.

"The South African business has reached a stage of maturity that would require a large capital outlay to achieve any step change in production going forward. On the other hand, in Zambia, the potential capital returns and earnings growth offered from our exciting suite of assets could not be more evident," Jubilee CEO Leon Coetzer commented in a release to Mining Weekly.

In addition to Zambia's Roan now being fully operational, growth is also beckoning at the Central African country's Munkoyo and Project G near-surface opportunities.

"The staggered nature of the proposed acquisition consideration, along with funds from the expected sales of non-core assets in Zambia, and project specific funding discussions, align with our future capital growth plans in the country," added Coetzer.

Jubilee expects copper demand to remain high amid its ability to recover copper from shallow transitional reefs successfully and trials confirming the Roan concentrator's capability to maintain run-of-mine feedstock production at between 35 000 tonnes per month (tpm) and 40 000 tpm.

Of Munkoyo's 80 000 tpm mine rate, 3 500 tpm of high-grade material is delivered to Jubilee's nearby Sable Refinery, while at Project G work on the design of an opencast expansion is under way.

Next year's planned introduction of a second tank-house at Sable will increase the capacity to about 14 000 tonnes a year will accommodate production from Munkoyo and Project G's nearby modular units.

At the Large Waste Project, Jubilee reports that it has entered into negotiations with various parties to potentially invest into the construction of the targeted modular processing units for this project.

The targeted companies are described as offering more attractive investment terms under a partnership agreement approach than offered previously by the Abu Dhabi-based investment firm.

The refinery expansion was delayed over the past quarter to prioritise investment into these mining operations and the completion of the processing trials at Roan. Completion of the Sable expansion is scheduled in the first quarter of next year.

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Bulgaria is particularly enthusiastic about establishing hydrogen collaboration with stakeholders from South Africa - and is fully prepared to initiate cooperation 'right away'.

Research secondments, doctorate opportunities, joint research activities are also on offer from this Balkan state, which is developing a master's programme in hydrogen technologies in cooperation with its European partners.

Although Centre of Excellence in Hydrogen Technologies in Stara Zagora (H2START) is newly opened, its first laboratories, combining education and hands-on training, are expected to open within a year and a warm welcome is being extended to South African students.

Interestingly, Bulgaria's green hydrogen valley in Stara Zagora (ZAHYR Valley) has opted for platinum-catalysed proton exchange membrane (PEM) technology, which is music to South Africa's ears owing to PEM's use of platinum group metals.

Bulgaria's March-launched Centre of Excellence in Hydrogen Technologies in Stara Zagora (H2START) aims to boost hydrogen education, research, and industry partnerships launched in March will be equipped to research hydrogen production, storage and transportation.

An industrial and logistic centre on the Balkan Peninsula, Stara Zagora is transitioning away from coal, making it a perfect place to showcase the industrial and socially transformative potential of green hydrogen as a zero-carbon fossil fuels alternative.

Bulgaria is intent on developing the entire hydrogen value chain - from production to local distribution and application.

The ZAHYR Valley is set to be completed by 2028 and will be at the centre of Bulgaria's hydrogen production, contributing to overall development of the hydrogen economy. Thus, in the next decade, Bulgaria is set to become an export hub for green hydrogen, which would solidify its role in the EU Southeast Hydrogen Corridor.

Meanwhile, H2START is a teaming project between Trakia University - Stara Zagora, the Bulgarian Association for Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Energy Storage, the Polytechnic University of Turin and the Institute for Advanced Energy Technologies at the National Research Centre of Italy.

Importantly, Bulgaria's solar power capacity, which has grown over the past three years from 1.2 GW to 4.5 GW, has potential to hit the 40 GW amid latent offshore and onshore wind energy opportunity also existing.

The 250 km hydrogen pipeline under feasibility study from Greece to Bulgaria and likely also Romania would provide capacity for large-scale hydrogen demand should it be developed.

Institutionally, Bulgaria's broad-based developmental and technology framework is providing stimuli for green hydrogen application in industry, transport and energy, complemented by enhancing scientific research, skilling the green hydrogen economy through educational and cross-sectoral collaboration and encouraging international partnerships.

On the educational front, Bulgaria is going to the extent of preparing a "Teach the Teacher" programme to ensure effective implementation of hydrogen curricula from the beginning.

Very generously, it has been made clear that interested schools and universities would be well received and by way of initial contact, has requested that institution names, contact persons and email addresses be made known through the Bulgarian Embassy.

This comprehensive insight has been provided to Engineering News & Mining Weekly the Bulgarian Ambassador to South Africa, Maria Pavlova, as well as the Bulgarian Hydrogen, Fuel Cells Committee and Energy Storage Association chairperson, Prof Dr Daria Vladikova, who is also Professor at the Institute of Electrochemistry and Energy Systems at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Head of Department of Hydrogen Technologies in the Institute of Susta...

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Wilo, a global name in pump manufacturing, now has solar panels on the roofs of all of its buildings to enable green hydrogen generation through electrolysis.

The stored hydrogen is then used as needed by passing it through platinum-catalysed fuel cells, which turn the hydrogen passed through them into green electricity to run Wilo's operations.

The H2Powerplant is offered in four sizes, with the capacity to produce power equivalent to the yearly consumption of three, five, or 20 households.

Fuel Cell Works reports that this technological approach is enabling companies to accelerate the migration to clean energy from existing infrastructure without having to start from scratch.

Hydrogen, which can be stored for prolonged periods, is now being increasingly recognised as the superior energy storage option amid supply chains of raw materials such as platinum group metals (PGMs) also being increasingly also being elevated to the rank of decarbonising champions.

Key contributors are platinum-based proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which are platinum catalysed amid green hydrogen generation and demand rising significantly in particularly China.

What is seen as urgent is that the hydrogen fuel cells industry uplifts itself fast to enable it to progress more rapidly into the mass market.

The peaks and valleys of renewable energy supply are best balanced out by stored hydrogen or hydrogen compounds, Heraeus Precious Metals executive vice-president business line systems Dr Philipp Walter spelt out during a Zoom interview with Mining Weekly. (Also watch attached Creamer Media video.)

"I believe every time it comes to dealing with hydrogen, platinum group metals have an advantage," Walter added.

Heraeus' virtual hydrogen talks involved inputs from Ulm and TU Wein University professor Dr Christian Mohrdieck, Freudenberg e-Power Systems Clean Energy Consulting's Dr Manfred Stefener and UFI Hydrogen's Marco Lazzaroni amid an important spotlight being shone on the extent to which platinum-catalysed fuel cells will drive future hydrogen demand.

The Germany-based precious metal and technology company Heraeus has had a long-standing association with South Africa, where its local entities include a marketing and sales office in Boksburg and a platinum group metals chemical compounds production and refinery site in Gqeberha.

Mining Weekly can report that the group's sales of PGM-based electric catalysts for hydrogen generation, which peaked in 2023, are back up again in 2025 owing to increased demand.

A hydrogen price of €5/kg to €6/kg was regarded as a tipping point by the panel, which sees no way around hydrogen owing to its versatile usage and water being the feedstock raw material for making hydrogen, which can be stored for a day, a week, a month, a year or more.

The amount of water needed for green hydrogen production is similar to that required for grey hydrogen, averaging about 10 to 19 litres per kilogram.

It's important to understand that the market for green hydrogen is already there because the world is consuming 100-million tons of hydrogen a year that are "polluting like hell", the French company Lhyfe has emphasised.

Lhyfe founder and CEO Matthieu Guesné is adamant that "there's nothing that's easier to do when decarbonising a customer, a plant, an industrial player, than switching from grey hydrogen to green hydrogen", so that's what this publicly listed company is doing.

Mining Weekly: Why is hydrogen seen as the superior energy storage option?

Walter: If you have renewable energy, you have ups and downs, peaks and valleys in terms of supply, and the best way to store energy, in this respect, is hydrogen, or compounds of hydrogen. You need chemical energy storage for these kinds of intermittent energy ...

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South Africa's national mineral research organisation Mintek has achieved a significant milestone in sustainable metallurgy by demonstrating production of manganese ferroalloys using carbon-free reductants.".

This new cutting edge method, called the HAIMan process, uses hydrogen and aluminium instead of traditional carbon-based materials, eliminating carbon dioxide (CO) emissions and generating zero waste. At the same time, it converts manganese-rich waste into valuable products, making the process both cleaner and more efficient.

With industries worldwide facing increasing pressure to reduce waste, cut energy use, and lower carbon emissions, Mintek is putting South Africa at the forefront of green metallurgy.

Traditionally, making ferromanganese alloys required extremely high temperatures in electric furnaces, leading to large amounts of CO emissions.

The HAIMan process changes this by replacing carbon-based reductants with hydrogen and aluminium, which burns cleanly and produces only water instead of harmful gases.

HAIMan consists of two steps, the first being the pre-reduction step and the second the smelting step.

The pre-reduction step utilises hydrogen gas as reductant, and the smelting step utilises aluminium metal as reductant aluminium metal.

By eliminating CO emissions, HAIMan not only transforms waste materials into valuable resources but also achieves a remarkable zero waste outcome.

Furthermore, the slag generated during the smelting phase is effectively recycled, allowing for the recovery of alumina, grey mud, and residues that can be repurposed in cement manufacturing.

"This method stands at the forefront of sustainable practices, significantly reducing environmental impact while enhancing energy efficiency. The HAIMan process promises a cleaner, greener future for alloy production, showcasing that innovation can meet industrial needs without compromising our planet," Mintek, located on Malibongwe Drive, in Randburg, Gauteng, stated in a release to Mining Weekly.

"Ferromanganese alloys are critical to South Africa's economy, as they are widely used in iron and steel production and the welding industry. The country holds 74% of the world's identified land-based manganese ore resources, yet the local ferroalloys industry has struggled due to rising ore prices that have rendered production unprofitable. Recognising the urgent need to revitalise this sector, Mintek has partnered with leading organisations from Europe and South Africa, with support from the European Union's Horizon programme, to implement the HAIMan process. This initiative aims to introduce the most energy-efficient production methods while significantly cutting CO emissions," the State-owned organisation explained.

Mintek pyrometallurgy division executive manager Dr Elias Matinde shared positive results from the latest HAIMan tests: "This testing successfully demonstrated carbon-free production of manganese ferroalloys with a manganese content exceeding 70%.

"Our environmental evaluations further confirmed negligible CO emissions, highlighting the HAIMan process's potential to significantly contribute towards decarbonising the production of manganese ferroalloys. We are extremely proud of the progress we are making in pyrometallurgy as we continue to showcase our expertise," Matinde added.

Mintek CEO Dr Molefi Motuku emphasised that revitalising the ferromanganese industry is one of Mintek's key strategic programmes.

"South Africa has an abundance of manganese, yet the country is not fully benefiting from its ferroalloy resources. Industry players, government, and researchers all agree that more must be done to develop local capacity, improve competitiveness, and unlock greater economic value.

"Mintek is committed to revitalisin...

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SFA Oxford Platinum Lectures 2025 attracted the broadest spectrum of platinum interest amid the highest attendance ever, with a similar top-notch turnout evident at the London Platinum Week that followed.

"We had good representation across the board," an upbeat SFA Oxford CEO Henk de Hoop told Mining Weekly in a Zoom interview. (Also watch attached Creamer Media video.

Moreover, the platinum jewellery component presentation in London had twice as many people as it did in 2024, with jewellers in China starting to restock platinum amid fading gold momentum.

That was among the themes coming through, too, from the presentations of the World Platinum Investment Council (WPIC) on the outlook for China.

"WPIC covered all the aspects in the Chinese market, also automotive, but particularly standing out is that WPIC is becoming quite optimistic that the jewellers are starting to restock platinum, with the biggest driver being the difference between gold and platinum pricing and the gold momentum is starting to fade a bit in China from a momentum of buying volume.

"It needs only a small proportion of that gold market to look at white gold and platinum particularly as an alternative to have a potentially large impact on the platinum market, which is much smaller than the gold market," De Hoop noted.

Ostensibly resurging, too, in addition to jewellery demand, is also China's investment demand, which is poised to help the platinum market in particular.

Mining Weekly: How important is it that China's platinum jewellery stores are now including platinum investment bars in their offerings?

De Hoop: It's a very important development, because there are excess savings in China. The property market is not providing the returns anymore. Gold markets provided great returns, and that's stalling now. What we do need is a bit of price momentum and platinum, and you can show them there's actually momentum building there, and there is a supply deficit, and the stocks are starting to deplete, it could become a very important story. The reason as well is that China is such a large savings market, there's only a tiny percentage of that money that needs to flow into investment bars for it to make a huge difference to the platinum market, so it is very exciting. It will hopefully suck up some platinum and hopefully move the platinum price upwards in that process as well.

Platinum supply is down even though demand is robust. Why is this supply/demand paradox continuing?

We had a CEO's panel, and remember a basket is being mined and although the enthusiasm to its platinum is increasing, and the deficits are there, the price hasn't moved realistically, except for last week, where it popped up by about $150. But the net impact of the collapse in the rhodium and palladium prices over the last two or three years is that there hasn't been much money going into the ground, and it hasn't been happening for a couple of years. The confidence in the longer term future is weak, partly because of the battery electric vehicle penetration concerns that people have, and there are very few alternatives out there at the moment, in the sense that the fuel cell boom that people are hoping to come, is not as clear-cut as what one would need to have confidence to spend billions in the ground to expand the production.

The lack of investment in the industry means that naturally in mining, you will start to fade a bit from a volume perspective. South Africa has a particular problem as well, that a lot of the bulk of the production comes from very deep old mines, and those are aging and replacing that production is particularly challenging because of the depth they're mining at. It just takes too long to sink deep shafts, so you will see a naturally declining profi...

Mining Weekly Editor Martin Creamer discusses the exciting changes to Copper 360’s leadership; Minerals Council South Africa's belief that public-private partnerships are missing from new draft Minerals Bill; converting grey hydrogen to green hydrogen.

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Following last week's dual listing of Shuka Minerals on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange's AltX, two more JSE listings are on the way, one of which is targeting the JSE's main board, mine developer Jason Brewer has outlined to Mining Weekly in an interview

As the CEO of Marula Mining, the executive chairperson of Neo Energy Metals, and holder of the deep-seated shareholding in Shuka, Brewer has made it clear that the dual JSE AltX listing of Neo Energy Metals is next on the list with Marula earmarked for the JSE's main board. (Also watch attached Creamer Media video.)

"As a company that's operating here, we have to have a presence on the JSE, so today you've seen Shuka Minerals do the dual listing here. You'll see, very quickly, Neo Energy Metals do a dual listing here, and Marula as well move here onto that main board here. I see South Africa very close to me, great opportunities, and you've got to be involved on the JSE to attract the necessary investor sentiment and support," said Brewer, an Australian whose first as a mining engineering student was in South Africa many years ago.

Today, Marula's Blesberg lithium tantalum mine in the Northern Cape has expanded extensively to include former tungsten mines, Neo's transaction with Sibanye-Stillwater on the old Beatrix 4 uranium and adjoining licences are targeting a major next level, and Shuka is reworking a coal project in Tanzania and finalising the purchase of a lead, zinc, silver and vanadium mine in Zambia.

Mining Weekly: You seem to be here, there and everywhere when it comes to mining in East Africa, Southern Africa, Central Africa. What are the opportunities that you see? As an Australian does Africa excite you?

Brewer: It does, because Africa has those resources largely untapped, the potential just hasn't been realised. And look a lot of infrastructure that many countries around the world be crying out for. So, it's got all the necessary ingredients for successful mine development.

What's the latest about the developments under way in South Africa?

South Africa's got something very close to my heart. I'm a mining engineer student, so my first job at a university was here, with Gencor, out at the Kinross mine. So, it's always had a big part of my life and it's so good to be coming back so often. Here in South Africa with Marula Mining, we have our big Blesberg lithium tantalum mine up in the Northern Cape. We have expanded that from 1 800 hectares up to 28 000 hectares in the Northern Cape. We've picked up adjoining licences with former tungsten mines, so big critical metals focus there. Our intention in the Northern Cape is really to create that as a critical metals hub, a big processing facility there, processing the lithium, the tantalum, the tungsten and various other metals that we've identified in that area, hence why we've expanded so much.

The Northern Cape is an incredible place. It really is, so very excited about that with Marula, and then with Neo Energy Metals. Again, Neo is a uranium-focused company. We've just done an incredible deal with Sibanye-Stillwater here on the old Beatrix 4 shaft, the Beisa uranium and the gold there, and on the adjoining licenses there with Charlie Watt's Sunshine Mineral Reserves. We see a great opportunity to become, effectively, South Africa's leading uranium producer over the course of the next 18 months. You've got the infrastructure, you've got the resources, you've got the skillsets, things you don't find in other places. South Africa offers a tremendous amount for what we're doing, where I'm driving, and I love it. With the energy that I find here, we can get things done.

What about this Johannesburg Stock Exchange. Over 100 years old, it does have something sacred about it. Do you find that?

It's the...

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The Northern Cape copper mining company Copper 360 has announced a leadership transition as it embarks on a new phase of accelerated hard-rock mining growth.

The Johannesburg Stock Exchange AltX-listed company has appointed Graham Briggs as its new CEO, with effect from June 1.

Best known for his tenure as Harmony Gold Mining Company CEO, Briggs brings extensive experience and strategic skill within the mining and resources sector with his operational output and industry insight embracing gold mining not only in South Africa, but also Australia, Canada and Papua New Guinea.

Shirley Hayes, the current Copper 360 CEO and controlling shareholder, highlighted Briggs' appointment as an important step in the strategic roadmap to transform Copper 360 into a disciplined, multi-mine copper producer. Hayes will assume a nonexecutive Copper 360 board position and serve as chairperson of the newly established risk committee.

"Bringing Graham on board as group CEO is a calculated, forward-looking move in unlocking the value of the vision of the company. Securing the leader who steered Harmony Gold through some of the industry's toughest cycles - turning complex assets into sustained returns - is a major achievement for Copper 360 and our stakeholders.

"Graham's proven ability to convert asset into long-term value will accelerate our transition to steady-state hard-rock production, while I, as chair of our newly formed risk committee, will keep a sharp focus on the risks that could impede that value creation," was Hayes' comment to Mining Weekly, in which she expressed full commitment to support the delivery of the company's vision.

"This transition is part of a deliberate succession strategy I initiated to secure Copper 360's future beyond its founding phase. Graham's arrival is not just a personnel change; it's a signal to the market and to all of us that Copper 360 is maturing into a disciplined, resilient company with ambition far beyond its past constraints. This is our next first mile - and it's going to be extraordinary," Hayes added.

In February, Copper 360 reported that it had successfully executed the first on-ore blast at its Rietberg mine, which is expected to ramp up to full production of about 40 000 t a month by the end of 2025.

Copper 360 has a dozen opencast and underground mines within 13 km of one another, across more than 19 000 ha.

All will reportedly process their ore in Nababeep, the Namaqualand copper town, 19 km north-west of the town of Springbok, which is Hayes' birthplace.

In addition to Rietberg are Jubilee, Homeep, Klondike, Wheal Julia North, Whyte's West, Koeëlkop, Hoogkraal and Waaihoek.

While the mines are geographically close, they differ in size, ore grade, stage of development, and operational status, reflecting a form of risk-lowering that diversification normally provides.

Briggs, who will be supported by Hayes in a structured handover, expressed great excitement about joining the company at "such a pivotal time".

"Copper 360 has a vast inventory of copper in the ground and proven processing capability that is scalable. I look forward to working closely with the board, management, and the dedicated operational team to unlock the true potential of the company," he added.

Under Hayes's tenure, Copper 360 focused on creating a platform for hard rock mining with consistent grade and mineralogy, while concurrently transitioning out of broken rock processing.

Currently nonexecutive chairperson of Salamander Magnesium, Briggs is a former VP of the then Chamber of Mines of South Africa, which is now Minerals Council South Africa.