A few decades ago, a person named Jean-Nickolaus Tretter in Little Falls, Minn., started collecting documents and objects related to LGBT culture and communities. They were concerned those artifacts might be lost to history and with them an understanding of the history of LGBT communities.
In 2000, that collection came to the University of Minnesota and it's now called the Jean-Nickolaus Tretter Collection in LGBT Studies.
Producer Britt Aamodt was curious about the collection and she spoke with its new curator, Aiden Bettine.
What is the Tretter collection?
The Tretter collection is an all LGBTQ or queer archives. We hold books, periodicals, magazines, journals and then personal collections, organizational records, and then other types of ephemera relating to queer life. So T-shirts, buttons, different types of posters, maybe some hats. So we're really about the materiality of LGBTQ life. We certainly prioritize the Twin Cities in Minnesota, but also collect broadly across the Midwest, the nation and internationally.
Are there any collections within the Tretter archives that really, really intrigue you?
One that I'm kind of particularly fond of that I've found in the collection is actually the gay and lesbian postal employees network collection. I'm a big USPS enthusiast and avid correspondent, so I love mail. This postal employees network started in the Twin Cities in 1992, so 30 years ago, and it was for gay and lesbian postal employees who wanted to meet each other, but also advocate for their rights as federal employees locally in the Twin Cities.
And then in 1993, they went to the national march on Washington for gay and lesbian rights. Going to the march and meeting other LGBTQ postal employees turned into a national organization. And it looks like from reading their newsletters, they were advocating for things like domestic partnership benefits through USPS, working with different unions and associations, as well as an end to discrimination or harassment for same-sex attraction.
So again, we see a Minnesota first where the postal employees network started in the Twin Cities that really had a national effect until the early 2000s when it disbanded.
When we look back at the history of LGBTQ archives, when did we begin seeing that preservation of that history in United States?
So there certainly were early collectors and I think Jean Tretter, the original curator and founder of this collection, is a great example of individuals who are kind of personally and privately collecting LGBTQ history, really, from the 1940s and probably a little earlier through today.
We have a lot of private or personal collectors that are building apartment archives and keeping records. But we don't see any kind of formal organizations, whether they're, you know, community archives, or become part of institutions like the Tretter collection, emerge until after gay liberation.
So we're looking at the early 1970s lesbian Herstory archives in Brooklyn, New York in 1974 who were one of the first in the U.S. to open their doors and collect lesbian history very intentionally. We have a few that opened in the 1980s, like the GLBT Historical Society in San Francisco, the Gerber/Hart Library and Archives in Chicago.
As you can see, through just some of that naming these places, they were in big urban cities and often on the coasts in San Francisco in New York. It really became the pinnacle of where we understand and come to know LGBTQ history. So I think that's why you see something like Jean Tretter’s collection moving to the University of Minnesota in 2000, as a kind of younger, more Midwestern-grown collection, although Jean was collecting well before the year 2000.
Would we have lost it if we didn't have somebody like Jean Tretter collecting the stories?
Everything has been kind of an independent grassroots effort by LGBTQ community members who may or may not be librarians or archivists by day, doing this work in their community historically, and intentionally on volunteer time may be unpaid. And that trend has really continued and I think it's because we as LGBTQ people, especially in the library in history, really are aware of whose history is being collected, and whose is not.
It was really evident to these early kind of ancestors of LGBTQ libraries and archives, that if nobody, if no other institutions, were going to collect LGBTQ history, we were going to lose it. So we're gonna lose the stories, the materials, the photographs, the memories, there's a lot of oral history projects around the country, including here at the Tretter that really do capture the lives and stories of everyday LGBTQ people. And we would lose this because other places don't essentially value it or prioritize it.
Or sometimes when you look in the archives and are trying to find LGBTQ people in their history, it's simply just not labeled that someone was part of the community. They're not identified as part of the community. They might have been a significant author, maybe a famous actor, or done something important their local community that got them into the archives, but it wasn't because of their queerness or their identity. And so they're kind of hard to find.
LGBTQ archives really make it easy to know that the material you're moving through and the people and organizations you're looking at are a part of the LGBTQ community and part of our history.
I want to get to know you a little bit more. You moved to the University of Iowa, how was that period transformative for you?
It was a really transformative moment in my in my personal life, but also in my career. So I'm originally from Milwaukee and went to undergrad and did a master's in Chicago. So I've been very, very much part of urban LGBTQ life in the Midwest for most of my like young adulthood as a teenager and then in my 20s.
So moving to Iowa City, I won't say it was a culture shock, but there was an evident absence of LGBTQ spaces to inhabit. It was really hard to find LGBTQ-owned and operated businesses, support groups, there was only one gay bar in town. And a lot of organizations, you either had to be an undergraduate student on campus or maybe affiliated with a church group.
For me, I went from urban spaces that had a lot of affordances for what it meant to be queer and trans and have time and space in community to a place that I knew there were LGBTQ people around me. But it was really hard for us to find each other. I think Iowa more broadly demanded building queer community space.
And you ended up founding the LGBTQ Iowa archives?
It is very similar to the Tretter, it is definitely smaller scale and a very young community archives. So there's a lending library and community space where things like queer threads or craft circle happen board game nights, book clubs and different meeting meeting groups. But then, on the archive side, there's a really intentional effort to collect Iowa's LGBTQ history and ensure that it's preserved across the state.
Can you give us a sneak peek perhaps at some of the items that have just come in or will be coming in to the Tretter?
We received six gowns from a female impersonator named Sonne Teal who was active in the 1960s in North Dakota. These dresses were collected by Sonne's mother after she tragically died in a plane crash in 1966. That is just a really rich and beautiful collection to have these gowns from queer history before the 1970s.
I'm wondering if there are collection areas you'd like to emphasize or explore as a curator?
There's too many areas I'd love to grow. Definitely the intentional efforts to collect Black, Indigenous and communities of color collections and history in the Twin Cities but also around the country and internationally.
As an urban-raised queer person, Iowa really opened my eyes to what it means to be in rural spaces and living out your LGBTQ life. I want to do more intentional collecting around rural life but also queer farmers.
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