As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, the requirements for a DOT (Department of Transportation) physical examination in the United States were set by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). These requirements are subject to change, so I recommend checking the latest guidelines on the FMCSA's official website or consulting with a certified medical examiner for the most up-to-date information. However, I can provide you with an overview of some common elements that were typically part of a DOT physical as of my last update:

1. Vision: Commercial drivers must have at least 20/40 vision in each eye, with or without correction (glasses or contact lenses). They must also have a field of vision of at least 70 degrees in the horizontal meridian in each eye.
2. Hearing: Drivers must be able to perceive a forced whisper at a distance of at least 5 feet or have an audiometric hearing loss of 40 decibels (dB) or less in the better ear.
3. Blood Pressure: The maximum allowable blood pressure for a DOT physical was generally 140/90. Drivers with blood pressure above this level may be disqualified or required to provide a medical certificate demonstrating that their condition is under control.
4. Diabetes: Drivers with diabetes need to provide detailed medical documentation, including a recent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reading, to demonstrate that their condition is under control.
5. Medications: Certain medications may disqualify drivers, especially those with potential side effects that can impair their ability to operate a commercial vehicle safely.
6. Cardiovascular Health: Cardiovascular conditions that could affect a driver's ability to safely operate a commercial vehicle are assessed during the physical.
7. Respiratory Health: Conditions like sleep apnea may be evaluated, as they can impact a driver's alertness and overall health.
8. Muscular-Skeletal Health: Physical conditions affecting a driver's ability to control a vehicle safely, such as joint problems or mobility issues, may be considered.
9. Drug and Alcohol Testing: DOT physicals typically involve drug and alcohol testing to ensure compliance with federal regulations. A urine test is often required.
10. General Health: The medical examiner will assess a driver's overall health, including any conditions that could impair their ability to drive safely.

Please note that these requirements can change over time, and additional factors may be considered in a DOT physical examination. It's crucial for commercial drivers to stay informed about the latest regulations and consult with a certified medical examiner for the most accurate and up-to-date information on DOT physical requirements.

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