MuddhoN SuddhoN (From the Beginning) by Kulwant Singh Virk is a tale of hope in dismal times.
KULWANT SINGH VIRK
Phullarwan, Sheikhupura; 1921 – Toronto, 1987
Master Storyteller
Kulwant Singh Virk is arguably the greatest Punjabi short fiction writer of the 20th century. In Lahore he received his MA in English from FC College in 1940 and a degree from University Law College. He joined the army in 1942, serving as King’s Commissioned Officer. Just after Partition he worked as Liaison Officer of the Govt of India in Pakistan. Later he wrote ‘Greater East Punjab’ suggesting linguistic regrouping of northwest India. He was Director, of the Communication Centre, at the Punjab Agriculture University in Ludhiana. In 1977 he worked as press officer of the East Punjab chief minister. Later, he edited the journals Jagriti (in Punjabi) and Advance (in English) both published by the government of East Punjab.
In a period spanning forty years - from 1944 to 1984, Virk enriched Punjabi literature with about 140 short stories set in rural and semi-urban Punjab.
Just after partition he on his official duty crossed the newly carved international border to recover abducted Sikh and Hindu women in West Punjab. A real incident of a Sikh woman who was forcibly converted and who refused to go back to her Sikh family made him write a short story ‘Khabbal’ (The Perennial Grass) which is one of the best Punjabi short stories written on the theme of 1947. (This story is at par with Rajinder Singh Bedi’s ‘Lajwanti’ but in sharp contrast to the sentimental one titled ‘Maghvia’ written by Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi.)
Known for his psychological but realistic portrayal of characters, Virk selects some common incident of life and then, by virtue of his intellectual acumen, renders it into a story. His Chhah Vela (Breakfast time, 1950), Dharti te akash (Earth and the sky, 1952), Turhi di pand (A bundle of straws, 1954), Ekas ke hum bãrak (Children of the Lord, 1955), Dudh da chapped (A pool of milk, 1958), GolhaN (The figs, 1961), Naven lok (New people, 1968) and Astbaji (Fireworks, 1987) reveal different facets of Jatt peasantry and their changing milieu because of (changes or lack of changes) in education and economic development.
His stories are epiphanies of life. The characters of his stories are loved and sympathised with by the reader notwithstanding their drawbacks and defeats in life. With a few subtle touches, he paints the inner conflict of his characters, and he does not bother to 'round-up' the tale.
There are many short stories bearing the Virk stamp - Dharti Hethhla Bould, ‘Dudh Da Chhappar’, ‘Toori Di Pand’, ‘Chacha’, ‘Chhah Vela’, ‘Do Aanne Da Ghah’, ‘Master Bhola Ram’, ‘Ranbir Kaur’, ‘Barrister Sahib’, ‘Professor Sahib’, ‘Baba Ram Sarup’ and ‘Puran Bhagat’ - portray varied themes of socio-economic and ecclesiastical nature. In these stories a single character acts as the spokesman for a particular class of people.
In some short stories Virk has brilliantly dealt with the theme of “unfulfilled desires”, which relate to marriage, sex and old age etc.
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