One in Ten

Episode 202, “The Hidden Cost of Resilience.” The ability to bounce back from trauma is a good thing. But, increasingly, research is uncovering signs that all may not be well with the kids who look like they’re doing just fine. We spoke to Dr. Ernestine Briggs-King about resilience—and its hidden costs. How can we help kids and families cope with trauma? What factors put children at higher risk? And what does the latest research tell us about the long-term health issues that even the most resilient children may face?

Topics in this episode:

·         What is resilience? (1:25)

·         Factors that help people be resilient (2:59)

·         Abuse disrupts social connections (9:01)

·         Racism, homophobia, and other compounding factors (12:25)

·         The hidden cost of resilience (17:25)

·         Talking to caregivers (25:20)

·         Racism’s impacts, and the role of caregivers (28:54)

·         Resources (33:13)

·         Our next episode (36:58)

Links:

Ernestine Briggs-King, Ph.D., Duke University School of Medicine, and the Center for Child & Family Health

Mothers Against Drunk Driving

Robert Pynoos, MD, UCLA

Gene Brody, Ph.D. “UGA Research Uncovers Cost of Resiliency in Kids,” by April Reese Sorrow, May 20, 2013, University of Georgia Columns.

“Is Resilience Only Skin Deep? Rural African Americans' Preadolescent Socioeconomic Status-Related Risk and Competence and Age 19 Psychological Adjustment and Allostatic Load,” by Gene H. Brody Tianyi Yu, et al, July 1, 2013, Psychological Science, Vol. 24(7): 1285-1293.

“Family Support Buffers the Physiological Effects of Racial Discrimination,” by Gene Brody, March 1, 2016, Association for Psychological Science Observer.

 “The Hidden Cost of Resilience,” by Leonora Desar, June 6, 2013, Psychology Today.

Professor Ann S. Masten, University of Minnesota, author of Ordinary Magic: Resilience in Development

This New Yorker article, “How People Learn to Become Resilient,” talks about the work of Norman Garmezy and Emmy Werner.

Sir Michael Rutter

National Child Traumatic Stress Network 

For more information about National Children’s Alliance and the work of Children’s Advocacy Centers, visit our website at nationalchildrensalliance.org.

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Episode 201, “Gender Bias and the Myth of Parental Alienation.” Everyone’s heard of the vengeful ex-wife who accuses her ex-husband of child abuse just to get back at him during a divorce. There’s even a scientific-sounding term for it: parental alienation. But is parental alienation real? And are judges taking allegations of abuse seriously enough? We spoke to Professor Joan Meier from George Washington University Law School who has some, frankly, startling data on the subject. How does alleging abuse affect custody decisions? Is there scientific proof that alienation exists? And what can we do to persuade the courts to do a better job of investigating abuse?

Topics in this episode:

·         Realizing children aren’t being protected.

·         Junk science: parental alienation syndrome.

·         The myth of the vengeful ex-wife.

·         Women are not considered as credible as men.

·         What the research really show?

·         What should the courts be doing?

·         Reaction by judges

·         What can we do about it?

Links:

Joan S. Meier, professor of clinical law at George Washington University Law School

The study referred to in this episode, “Child Custody Outcomes in Cases Involving Parental Alienation and Abuse Allegations,” and other research by Professor Meier are available on the law school’s website

“‘A gendered trap’: When mothers allege child abuse by fathers, the others often lose custody, study shows,” is a Washington Post article about the study.

Domestic Violence Legal Empowerment and Appeals Project (DV LEAP) provides pro bono appellate representation in compelling domestic violence cases and trains attorneys and courts around the country

DV LEAP’s Legal Resource Library include briefs and court opinions, training materials, publications, links to domestic violence organizations, case digests, and custody resources

Learn more about the work of Children’s Advocacy Centers and National Children’s Alliance on our website, read our annual report, and visit us on Facebook.

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Season 1, Episode 12, “The Family-Focused Advocate.” One barrier to improved outcomes for children is getting families to participate in and complete mental health treatments. We have the services available at Children’s Advocacy Centers (CACs), but not enough families take advantage of them. This is a family engagement problem. How do we change that? We spoke to Libby Ralston from Project BEST about a shift in the way we communicate—and a focus on family advocacy.  What barriers must we overcome? And how can our team partners help make the case for treatment?

Topics in this episode:

·         The value of caregivers’ support and involvement in their child’s treatment. (1:24)

·         Strategies to engage families in services. (6:20)

·         Barriers to participating in treatment. (9:42)

·         Trauma-screening and assessments as family engagement tools. (13:42)

·         A shift in the way we communicate. (18:40)

·         Do you have a family engagement problem? (20:25)

·         We’re communicating caring. (27:15)

·         Our multidisciplinary team (MDT) partners can help. (29:16)

Links:

Motivational interviewing

The reference to our data is about NCA’s Outcome Measurement System

The family engagement training project refers to the Enhance Early Engagement (E3) Training for Children’s Advocacy Centers’ Victim Advocates, a project that NCA and the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center are conducting in 2020.

Learn more about the work of Children’s Advocacy Centers and National Children’s Alliance on our website, read our annual report, and visit us on Facebook.

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Episode 111: “Beyond ACEs.” In 1998, the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) study showed that traumatic events in childhood were common and could have lasting effects—on everything from SAT scores while we’re in school to long-term physical health issues as adults. But are all ACEs created equal? We invited Dr. Lisa Amaya-Jackson from the National Center for Child Traumatic Stress to discuss the benefits—and the limitations—of keeping score. Have we oversimplified the way in which we talk about ACEs? What’s the role of the community in developing resilience? (And why does she think “resilience” is both a beautiful word and a burden?) What do we need to know to help survivors heal?

Topics in this episode:

·         The terms used to define trauma. (1:34)

·         “All ACEs were not created equal.” (5:29)

·         How an ACE can be more potent, and the problem with oversimplification. (8:58)

·         How an ACEs assessment fits into the CAC rubric. (20:23)

·         Advice for CACs. (26:20)

·         Resilience and how communities and organizations can help kids recover. (29:43)

·         What’s coming up at the National Child Traumatic Stress Network. (40:53)

Links:

The original Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) study

National Child Traumatic Stress Network

National Center for Child Traumatic Stress

Resilience: The Biology of Stress and the Science of Hope (2016 documentary)

Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, at TEDMED 2014, “How childhood trauma affects health across a lifetime”

Prevent Child Abuse America

Core Curriculum on Childhood Trauma, including The 12 Core Concepts: Concepts for Understanding Traumatic Stress Responses in Children and Families

Learn more about the work of Children’s Advocacy Centers and National Children’s Alliance on our website, read our annual report, and visit us on Facebook.

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Episode 110: “Radically Vulnerable: Achieving Justice for Survivors.” The legal landscape has started to change for survivors of child sexual abuse. Are we headed in the right direction? And what do we need to do to keep more children safe? We talked to legal scholar Marci Hamilton from CHILD USA about the progress that’s been made—and what needs to happen next.

Topics in this episode:

·         Many adult survivors had no legal remedy. (1:39)

·         Statute of limitations (SOL) reform—and who opposes it. (4:35)

·         How do SOL windows work? (10:29)

·         Top public policy aims. (14:27)

·         How to help adult survivors. (17:45)

·         Youth sports and other fields where kids are radically vulnerable. (20:30)

·         Game Over Commission. (27:00)

·         Advice for institutions. (29:10)

·         What do we most need to understand? (31:33)

·         Our next episode topic. (32:42)

Links:

Prof. Marci A. Hamilton at the University of Pennsylvania is the founder, CEO, and academic director of CHILD USA, a nonprofit academic think tank. She is the author of Justice Denied: What America Must Do to Protect Its Children.

The Boston Globe Spotlight report on clergy sex abuse (2002).

Catholic Charities.

New York’s Child Victims Act took effect on August 14, 2019.

childusa.org/law has information on child protection laws across the United States.

Child Welfare Information Gateway information on mandated reporting.

New York Survivor Tool Kit.

Game Over Commission.

Leaving Neverland documentary.

At the Heart of Gold: Inside the USA Gymnastics Scandal.

U.S. Center for SafeSport.

Dr. Earl Bradley, former pediatrician and convicted child molester.

Studies from Michigan State University, the U.S. Olympic Committee, and Congress (“The Courage of Survivors” Senate Olympics Investigation, July 30, 2019).

David Corwin, MD, professor at the University of Utah.

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Episode 109: “Housing Instability and Child Welfare.” Housing instability has an out-size impact on family well-being. What we can do to help children dealing with trauma retain a sense of roots and resilience? And what less-talked-about issues related to housing should we be aware of? The Urban Institute’s Maya Brennan joined us to discuss the deep cycle of cascading instabilities that has its roots in housing and what we, as a society, can do to help keep families strong.

Topics in this episode:

·         Housing as a basic human need. (1:34)

·         What can we do to help? (4:44)

·         The impact housing instability has on children. (6:45)

·         Family stressors and cascading effects of instability. (11:25)

·         Domestic violence as a cause for eviction. (15:07)

·         Programs that help families. (17:57)

·         What doesn’t help. (20:57)

·         What questions should we be asking? (25:23)

·         Dangerous housing and its effect on kids’ health. (28:54)

·         The public policy change we need. (34:05)

·         One piece of advice for Children’s Advocacy Centers. (36:26)

·         Neighborhood decay. (37:11)

·         Our next episode topic. (38:46)

Links:

Maya Brennan is a senior policy associate at the Research to Action Lab at the Urban Institute.

The Children and Instability page on the Urban Institute’s website covers housing, including supportive housing for families involved in the child welfare system, and other topics.

Five-site pilot program: Partnerships to Demonstrate the Effectiveness of Supportive Housing for Families in the Child Welfare System.

US Partnership on Mobility from Poverty

“How Housing Quality Affects Child Mental Health,” October 26, 2017, by Will Schupmann on howhousingmatters.org.

“How Housing Affects Children’s Outcomes,” January 2, 2019, by Veronica Gaitán on howhousingmatters.org.

Our next episode, “Radically Vulnerable: Achieving Justice for Survivors,” will feature Prof. Marci Hamilton from CHILD USA.

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Episode 108: “The Edge of Compassion.” We know that compassion fatigue, secondary trauma, and burnout can take a heavy toll on people in the field of child protection. Children’s Advocacy Center staff, law enforcement, prosecutors, medical providers, case workers, and others deal with this every single day. How do we stay hopeful and resilient in the face of such suffering? We invited Françoise Mathieu, co-executive director of TEND Academy and a highly sought-after speaker on the subject of high-stress workplaces, to discuss how child advocacy professionals can protect ourselves and our colleagues as we deal with cases of horrific child abuse. How can we cope with the stress while still remaining effective and compassionate for the children and families we work so hard to help? (Call quality was a problem with this episode, but it’s absolutely worth listening to what Françoise has to say.)

Topics in this episode:

·         The difference between compassion fatigue, burnout, secondary trauma, and vicarious trauma. (3:41)

·         How to know in the moment that you’re being impacted by stress. (6:40)

·         How the stress of our jobs can affect our own kids. (16:17)

·         The weight of the job can make other things seem frivolous. (19:32)

·         We can’t do this alone. (26:35)

·         What do people need to be healthy? (35:47)

·         Trauma exposure as a viral load. (40:14)

·         Flipping our lids. (44:06)

·         Low-impact debriefing. (Don’t slime people.) (53:32)

·         The one thing to remember. (58:03)

·         Our next episode. (59:31)

Links:

Françoise Mathieu, M.Ed., CCC., RP, is the co-founder and co-executive director of TEND Academy. She is the author of The Compassion Fatigue Workbook.

The Resources page of the TEND website includes more information about compassion fatigue, vicarious trauma, and secondary traumatic stress. And check out the TEND blog for related topics.

The Secondary Traumatic Stress Consortium is a group of researchers, trainers, practitioners and advocates with a common goal of advancing the field of secondary traumatic stress towards health. The website has free resources and information on training.

NCA’s Standards for Accredited Members are available on our website as a PDF. Promoting the well-being of employees and partners is part of the Organizational Capacity Standard (see page 50).

Dr. Patricia Fisher, R.Psych., L.Psych., is co-founder and co-executive director at TEND. To learn more about the organizational health model, read this article on the TEND website.

Laurie Anne Pearlman, Ph.D.

Low impact debriefing

Our next episode will feature Maya Brennan from the Research to Action Lab at the Urban Institute

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Episode 107: In “Prediction as Prevention” we ask the question: Can big data help us determine which children are most at risk of foster care placement? And how do we direct resources to those children to ensure they’re safe? We examine the way in which predictive modeling sheds light on the impact of implicit bias in our nation’s child welfare system. About 50% of African-American and black families in this country will experience a child welfare investigation. That’s far, far more than the data indicates we should expect to see. That’s a problem. But can an algorithm be the answer? Emily Putnam-Hornstein, an associate professor at the University of Southern California School of Social Work and the director of Children’s Data Network, joined One in Ten to talk about what role big data should have in making potentially life-and-death decisions about children’s safety.

Topics in this episode:

·         What is predictive analytics and how it is used in child welfare? (1:56)

·         The big question to answered by big data. (3:52)

·         The over-representation of black families in child welfare investigations. (5:31)

·         Who gets reported? (6:58)

·         Why haven’t we solved this problem yet? (10:01)

·         Can individuals accurately assess risk? (12:24)

·         How can predictive analytics address implicit bias? (15:24)

·         How does it work in practice? (19:38)

·         The impact of predictive analytics. (23:58)

·         What’s next for the field? (28:48)

·         Our next episode topic. (32:20)

Links:

USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work

Children’s Data Network

The conference mentioned is NCA’s 2019 Leadership Conference. Emily Putnam-Hornstein and Rhema Vaithianathan led a plenary session about how risk modeling can support child welfare practice.

The question of who reports suspected abuse (or why they don’t) was the subject of our third episode, The Bystander Effect, with Dr. Wendy Walsh of the Crimes Against Children Research Center.

“Can big data help prevent child abuse and neglect?” by Giles Bruce at the USC Annenberg Center for Health Journalism, talks about Emily Putnam-Hornstein’s work (June 24, 2019).

Our next episode will feature Françoise Mathieu of TEND Academy.

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Episode 106: “Treating the Smoke and Not the Fire” is a conversation about a new documentary, Cracked Up—an emotionally arresting, trauma-informed look at the lifelong consequences when we fail to protect a child. In Cracked Up, filmmaker Michelle Esrick chronicles Saturday Night Live star Darrell Hammond’s journey from childhood trauma, through decades of misdiagnoses of its effects, toward hope and healing. The duo talk about what drove them to make the film and how they hope it will help change the conversation about child abuse. As Michelle says, too often society treats the smoke—things like addiction and mental illness—and not the fire—the very experiences that caused them in the first place.

Topics in this episode:

·         What drove them to make Cracked Up (2:20)

·         What they didn’t know at the start of the journey (4:34)

·         Trauma is when your reality is not seen or known (8:04)

·         Telling a survivor’s story with respect and without causing them further harm (9:36)

·         A hunger to call out the bad guy, and to be believed (12:14)

·         The consequences of trusting your own reality (14:23)

·         The haunted house—the shock a simple thought can cause (23:18)

·         Trauma, substance use, and addiction: Treating the smoke and not the fire (28:25)

·         The investment in disbelief. It’s hard to shatter images—and monsters hide in the light (35:23)

·         Public policy: What would you like to see changed? (39:38)

·         How to set up an educational screening of Cracked Up (41:35)

·         Our next episode topic (42:00)

Links:

Cracked Up movie website

Darrell and Michelle, NPR radio interview on WNYC (at 34:25)

Darrell’s book about his experiences

Dr. Bessel van der Kolk and The Body Keeps the Score

Dr. Nabil Kotbi

Penny Dreadful

With Dr. Jacob Ham in “The Long Arm of Childhood Trauma” episode of the Road to Resilience podcast

Dr. Vincent Felitti, co-principal investigator of the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Dr. Bruce Perry

Host an educational screening of Cracked Up

Resources on the Cracked Up movie website

And the $10 million we’d like to see the government spend is to give the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funding for research into preventing child abuse. Learn more about that in our interview on “Child Abuse as a Public Health Issue” with Dr. Elizabeth Letourneau.

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.

Episode 105: “The Science of Storytelling” features Nat Kendall-Taylor, CEO of the FrameWorks Institute, which works to change the conversation on social issues. We discussed how to get people to engage in conversations about an uncomfortable topic—child sexual abuse. What should we change about our own messaging to give people hope that they can do something about it? We also discussed a new research project into communication strategies on this issue, and when we might learn the results.

Topics in this episode:

·         The most surprising result of research into child sexual abuse. (1:47)

·         How we talk about the issue can be a problem. What should we stop doing? (5:11)

·         Pivoting—our biggest communication challenge. (13:28)

·         When people think monsters are the root cause, what’s the solution? (18:42)

·         Balanced messaging. (21:17)

·         Talk about progress without losing urgency. (26:25)

·         When death won’t do it in driving a sense of urgency, what will? (29:38)

·         The “snapping” myth. (33:05)

·         Current research on communication strategies—and when we’ll get results. (37:43)

·         Summing it all up. (41:36)

·         Our next episode topic. (43:42)

Links:

FrameWorks Institute

Crimes Against Children Research Center

Dr. Elizabeth Letourneau at the Moore Center for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse, at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Dr. Letourneau was our very first guest on One in Ten, in the episode on “Child Abuse as a Public Health Issue.” 

Support the show

Did you like this episode? Please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts.