Transfusion medicine has arguably led other pathology subspecialties in improving patient safety through industrial quality management and standardization methods. However, standardization practices, such as the use of transfusion triggers, are in some respects a one-size-fits-all approach. And as we undoubtedly know, real patients aren't standardized. In this discussion, Ryan Metcalf, section chief for transfusion medicine in the University of Utah Department of Pathology, describes the development of data visualization tools to help surgeons and anesthesiologists optimize their transfusion decisions based on individual patient needs.