PodCTL - Enterprise Kubernetes

Show: 8

Show Overview: Brian and Tyler talk with Jeremy Eder (@jeremyeder, Senior Principal Software Engineer at Red Hat) about the Kubernetes Resource Management Working Group, scaling Kubernetes environments, extending Kubernetes for high-performance workloads (HPC, HFT, Animation, GPUs, etc.), testing at scale and how companies can get involved.
 
Show Notes:

• KubeCon 2017 (Austin) Schedule
• OpenShift Commons Gathering (Austin, Dec.5th)
• Kubernetes Resource Management Working Group
• Contact the Resource Management Working Group
• Deploying 1000 Nodes of Kubernetes/OpenShift (Part I)
• Deploying 2048 Nodes of Kubernetes/OpenShift (Part II)

Topic 1 - Welcome to the show. You recently introduced the Resource Management Working Group within Kubernetes. Tell us a little bit about the group.

Topic 2 - The group’s prioritized list of features for increasing workload coverage on Kubernetes enumerated in the charter of the Resource Management Working group includes (below). Let’s talk about some of the types of use-cases you’re hearing that drive these priorities.

• Support for performance sensitive workloads (exclusive cores, cpu pinning strategies, NUMA) 
• Integrating new hardware devices (GPUs, FPGAs, Infiniband, etc.)  
• Improving resource isolation (local storage, hugepages, caches, etc.)  
• Improving Quality of Service (performance SLOs) 
• Performance benchmarking 
• APIs and extensions related to the features mentioned above 

Topic 3 - This is a broad list of areas to focus on. How do you determine what things should be kernel-level focus, Kubernetes-level focus, or application-level focus?
 
Topic 4 - How do you go about testing these areas? Are there lab environments available? How will you publish methodologies and results?
 
Topic 5 - As you talk to different companies, do you feel like they are holding back on deploying higher-performance applications on Kubernetes now, or they are looking for more optimizations?

Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL 
• Web: http://podctl.com

Show: 7

Show Overview: Brian and Tyler talk with Clayton Coleman (@smarterclayton, Lead Kubernetes Architect) and Derek Carr (@derekwaynecarr, Kubernetes Lead Engineer) about the Kubernetes development process, the role of SIGs, the process for deciding what gets included in a release, as well as an in-depth discussion about the extensibility of Kubernetes 1.8

Show Notes:

• The early days of Kubernetes
• Contributing to Kubernetes
• Kubernetes 1.8 features
• Kubernetes 1.8 features (tracking spreadsheet)
• An Overview of Project "Istio"

Topic 1 - Welcome to the show. Both of you are top contributors to Kubernetes, both also lead (or co-lead) some of the SIG/Working group. Can you give us a sense of your community involvement from a contributor and leader perspective?

Topic 2 - Derek, you're on the nomination list for the Kubernetes Steering Committee. Chris Aniszczyk mentioned it a couple weeks ago, but what does that group do that’s different than SIGs?

Topic 3 - When there are 100s of contributors and many different focus areas, what is the process for deciding what’s included or prioritized or dropped from a specific release?
 
Topic 4  - Kubernetes 1.8 has a mix of Alpha, Beta and Stable features. What do you see as the key focus areas in this release? (e.g. RBAC, CRI-O, etc.)
 
Topic 5 - How does Kubernetes look at the explosion of “tools” around core Kubernetes (deployers, application templates, application frameworks) and when to make those parts of the project or keep them separate?

Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL
• Web: http://podctl.com

Show: 6

Show Overview: Brian and Tyler talk about the technologies in “core” Kubernetes and the additional elements needed to evolve it into a more complete application platform.
 
Show Notes:

• [TRANSCRIPTION] - coming soon 
• PodCTL #4 - All the Tools in the Kubernetes Toolbox 
• PodCTL #3 - Making sense of container standards (including OCI)
• Kubernetes by Example

News of the Week:

• Oracle joins the CNCF
• Heptio takes Series B round of VC funding
• Jaeger (@JaegerTracing) and Envoy (@EnvoyProxy) become official CNCF projects.

Topics 1 - What's included in Kubernetes (by default)?
We’ve seen quite a bit of survey data recently that shows usage of Kubernetes is growing quite rapidly. If somebody says they are “using Kubernetes”, by default, what functionality do they have available to them?

Topic 2 -  What core “platform” elements aren’t included with Kubernetes?

• Container Runtime (e.g. docker, rkt, oci)
• Container Registry
• Advanced Networking
• Persistent Storage
• Monitoring, Logging
• Backup tools for Kubernetes or the applications running in Pods.

Topic 3 - What are some of the standard ways to plug in those pieces?

• Container Runtime - CRI (Container Runtime Interface)
• Registry - Many 3rd-party options
• Networking - CNI (Container Network Interface) 
• Storage - CSI (Container Storage Interface)
• Logging / Monitoring - Sidecar Containers

Topic 4 - What does a company get with a "distribution" vs. "platform" vs. "public cloud service"?

• Tectonic (example)
• OpenShift (example)
• Google Container Engine (example)

Question of the Week:

Q: What is "pure" Kubernetes?

Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL 
• Web: http://podctl.com

Show Overview: Brian and Tyler discuss the basics of how an application gets into a container, how to layer OS + applications + dependencies, how a container interacts with a container registry, and how container files different from Kubernetes manifests.
 
Show Notes:

• [TRANSCRIPTION] PodCTL Basics - How to Containerize an Application
• Setting up a Dockerfile
• Building an OCI-compliant container with "Buildah"
• Deploying with Kubernetes Manifests

Topic 1 - How does a Container know what application to run?

• Metadata
• Image Layers

Topic 2 - Can any Application run in a Container? Does it have to be modified?

• User namespace vs. Root
• Resource requirements

Topic 3 - How does a Container interact with a Container Registry?

Topic 4 - How does a Container tell Kubernetes about it’s Application needs (HA, Static IP, Storage, etc.)?

• Pods and Manifests

Topic 5 - Can a Containerized Application interact with other applications? How?

• Within a Cluster
• DNS Services / Networking
• Kubernetes Services
• Service Discovery frameworks

 Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL 
• Web: http://podctl.com

Show: 5

Show Overview: Brian and Tyler talk with Chris Aniszczyk (@cra, CTO/COO of CNCF, Executive Director of OCI) about the Cloud-Native Ecosystem, if there is a CNCF "stack", the CNCF process for project acceptance, and the growth vs. hype of Kubernetes.
 
 Show Notes:

• [TRANSCRIPTION] PodCTL #5 - Understanding the Cloud-Native Ecosystem
• Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) Homepage
• CNCF Landscape
• Open Containers Initiative (OCI) Homepage
• KubeCon & CloudNativeCon - Austin, TX (Dec.6-8)

 News of the Week 

• Mesosphere adds Kubernetes support to DC/OS
• Mirantis claims that Kubernetes is OpenStack 2.0

 Interview with Chris Aniszczyk
Topic 1 - Welcome to the show. What hats do you wear at both the CNCF and OCI?
Topic 2 - How do the CNCF projects and OCI projects work together? (example: why is rkt or containerd in the CNCF and not OCI?)
Topic 3 - What is the role of the CNCF? 

Is there a CNCF stack?

Can you talk about how projects get engaged with CNCF and the process of “official” vs. “incubation”, etc?

Will it ever make sense to have a “certification” program for CNCF-associated offerings, or does that create too much overhead?

Topic 4 - With so many projects being created, in different parts of the stack, where do you potentially see the next “official” projects coming from?
Topic 5 - Can you give us your perspective on some of the noise recently around Kubernetes?

Community Question of the Week:
 Q: My company runs mostly pre-packed Windows applications. Is there anything that we can do with Containers or Kubernetes to help them?

Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL 
• Web: http://podctl.com

Show Overview: Brian and Tyler discuss the basics of Linux containers.

Show Notes:

• [TRANSCRIPTION] PodCTL Basics - Linux Containers
• An Introduction to Container Terminology
• Architecting Containers: User Space vs. Kernel Space

 Segment 1 - What is a Linux Container?

• Filesystem + Metadata (JSON) 

Segment 2 - How do Linux hosts interact (and isolate) Linux Containers?

• Host OS vs. Container OS
• Container isolation 
• Container security 101

Segment 3 - How does a container interact with Networking and Storage?

• Pass-thru host details
• CNI - Container Native Interface
• Native container networking
• Storage Volumes (static & dynamic)

Segment 4 - Can any Application run in a Linux Container? Does it have to be modified?

• User namespace vs root
• Resource requirements 

Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL 
• Web: http://podctl..com

Show: 4

Show Description: Brian and Tyler discuss the broad range of tools that are available to deploy, operate and manage Kubernetes environments. There are lots of options...

Show Notes:

• PodCTL #4 - Transcribed
• Kubernetes: A Little Guide to Install Options
• Monitoring OpenShift: Three Tools for Simplification
• Rolling Updates to Kubernetes - At MacQuarie Bank [video]

Segment 1 - [News of the Week]

• VMware, Google and Pivotal announced a packaged version of the Kubo project, called Pivotal Container Service (PKS). 
• CNCF continues to be the center of Enterprise IT with VMware, Pivotal joining

Segment 2 - Why do Open Source Projects often end up with so many installers?

Segment 3 - What are some of the common types of tools for kubernetes installations?

• Install on your laptop (e.g. Minikube, Minishift, etc.)  
• Public Services (OpenShift Online, GKE, Azure Container Service, etc)
• Quickstart installer on a public cloud (e.g. Heptio, DO, kops, etc.)
• Kubernetes-specific installers (kubeadm, kubicorn, kargo, etc.)  
• Deployment scripts and variations on “runbooks” (e.g. Ansible, Chef, Puppet, etc.)

Segment 4 - What are some of the Day 2 tools that are used with Kubernetes?

• Upgrade tools (e.g. 1-click, Operators, etc.) 
• Monitoring & Management (e.g. Prometheus, Datadog, New Relic, Zabbix, SysDig, CoScale) - https://blog.openshift.com/monitoring-openshift-three-tools/ 
• Logging  (e.g. EFK, Loggly, etc.) 
• Application Frameworks - Save that for future shows!

Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL
• Web: http://podctl.com

Show: 3

Show Description: Brian and Tyler talk with Vincent Batts (@vbatts, Principle Software Engineer in the Office of Technology for Container Architecture at Red Hat) about the state of container standards - OCI, containerd, Moby, Linux vs. Windows containers, etc.

Show Notes:

• Vincent Batts on GitHub
• Open Container Initiative (OCI)
• CRI-O: Container Runtime Interface
• Relevant XKCD
• A Comparison of Linux Container Images

 Segment 1 - News of the Week

• Red Hat and Microsoft announce partnership around Windows Containers and OpenShift and Azure, plus much more. 

Segment 2 - An Interview with Vincent Batts

• Topic 1 - Welcome to the show Vincent. Tell us what types of things you work on in the container community.
• Topic 2 - 2yrs ago, there was docker and rkt arguing about container standards, and the OCI emerged. Can you give us an update on where container standards are today? 
• Topic 3 - What is this new concept called CRI-O, and how does it relate to Kubernetes? 
• Topic 4 - Containers always used to be Linux-specific, but we’re starting to hear more noise around Windows containers. Is this Microsoft specific, or are standards groups working on this too?

Segment 3 - Question(s) of the Week

• Q1: What’s the difference between the Host OS and the Container OS, and do they need to be the same? 
• A1: A Comparison of Linux Container Images

Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL 
• Web: http://PodCTL.com

Show: PodCTL Basics #1

Show Overview: The basics of Kubernetes.

Show Notes:

• Kubernetes Concepts
• Kubernetes Code on GitHub

 Segment 1 - What is Kubernetes?

• Technology that spawned from Google’s internal “Borg” system for running application in containers. 
• Open source project donated to the CNCF in 2015. 
• Open source community of 1500+ engineers working on various sub-projects that make up the Kubernetes system. 

 Segment 2 - How does Kubernetes work?

• etcd 
• Kubernetes API 
• Kubernetes scheduler 
• Kubelet on each worker machine
• Controllers

 Segment 3 - What’s the relationship between Kubernetes and Containers?

• Containers describe what application bits run on a machine 
• Kubernetes is the framework that places containers on machines and ensures that the containers run in a well-defined manner (start/stop, highly available, load-balanced, etc.) 

 Segment 4 - Are there alternative technologies that work similar to Kubernetes?

• Kubernetes is ultimately a framework that schedules containers 
• Mesos Marathon 
• Docker Swarm 
• Nomad from Hashicorp 
• Lots of homegrown, DIY systems, mostly based on scripting

 Segment 5 - How can a company get Kubernetes or use Kubernetes?

• Use the Open source software from the Kubernetes community 
• Use commercially available distributions of Kubernetes from multiple vendors 
• Consume Kubernetes-as-a-Service from multiple cloud providers

Feedback?

• Email: PodCTL at gmail dot com
• Twitter: @PodCTL 
• Web: http://podctl.com