After a strong showing by US Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont in the early contests of the Democratic nomination season, former Vice-President Joe Biden has gained a great deal of momentum, starting in South Carolina and thru Super Tuesday. Is this a positive turn of events for the Democrats in terms of moving away from a democratic socialist as their standard-bearer, or is having a centrist candidate as the frontrunner a bad sign for the party's chances of beating Donald Trump in the general election? Jaye discusses the 2020 model of election forecaster Rachel Bitecofer, reasons behind Joe Biden's support among African-Americans, and why it is imperative that - regardless of ideology - the Democratic nominee must give voters, including those ideologically predisposed to vote for Democrats, a reason to vote *for* them, not simply that they are a superior alternative to Trump.

Twitter: @potstirrercast IG: @potstirrerpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/potstirrerpodcast/ Website: PotstirrerPodcast.com

Source Material:

https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/02/06/rachel-bitecofer-profile-election-forecasting-new-theory-108944?fbclid=IwAR3XnN_cmwNAWrRLY-X0jjXVtD2QBBDzL9h5-BWZoUkHIyaMULCgyonwvSs https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/09/05/negative-partisanship-explains-everything-215534 http://cnu.edu/wasoncenter/2019/07/01-2020-election-forecast/ https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/01/other-swing-voter/604474/ https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/28/us/politics/elizabeth-warren-black-vote.html https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/mar/05/super-tuesday-black-voters-analysis-recap https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2020-03-08/biden-in-mississippi-sanders-in-michigan-before-primaries https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DiZpmEAfVg http://www.stevenwwebster.com/negative-partisanship.pdf http://stevenwwebster.com/research/all_politics_is_national.pdf https://www.newsweek.com/black-lives-matter-co-founder-endorses-sanders-warren-1488912 https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2019/06/06/joe-biden-defends-1994-crime-bill-zeleny-pkg-lead-vpx.cnn https://newrepublic.com/article/156402/hate-ballot https://www.thirdway.org/memo/a-nuanced-picture-of-what-black-americans-want-in-2020 http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,151404,00.html https://twitter.com/VanJones68/status/1237535950298910720?s=20 https://twitter.com/lloki08/status/1236493650189680641?s=20

Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/ http://jonathanbiegen.com

Back and Forth composed by Silent Partner

Cold Funk - Funkorama composed by Kevin MacLeod Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100499 Artist: http://incompetech.com/

Minor Blues for Booker composed by E's Jimmy Jams

That Night in Your Car composed by Spazz Cardigan

In the public release of the October 2018 Patreon exclusive, Jaye discusses socialism - what is socialism, why is it so misunderstood, and why would it - in some form - benefit American society? The Cold War, entitlements and more are on the menu, so check it out!

Twitter: @potstirrercast IG: @potstirrerpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/potstirrerpodcast/ Website: http://PotstirrerPodcast.com

Source Material:

Bump, Phillip. 2015. "Do You Know the Difference Between a Communist and a Socialist?" Independent. October 25. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/do-you-know-the-difference-between-a-communist-and-a-socialist-a6708086.html

"Capitalism" Merriam-Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/capitalism

de Sousa, Ana Naomi. 2016. "Between East and West: The Cold War's Legacy in Africa." Al Jazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2016/02/east-west-cold-war-legacy-africa-160214113015863.html

Gregory, Paul R., and Robert C. Stuart. 2003. Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First Century (7th ed.)

"Socialism." Encyclopaedia Brittannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/socialism

Dagger, Richard, and Terrence Ball. "Communism: Ideology." Encyclopaedia Brittanica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/communism Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/ http://jonathanbiegen.com

Beautiful World composed by Drew Banga

Dragon War composed by Makai Symphony Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...

In the Past composed by Twin Musicom Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://www.twinmusicom.org/song/304/in-the-past Artist: http://www.twinmusicom.org

The 2020 presidential nomination season is underway, and the Democratic race is heating up. As US Senator Bernie Sanders has received some early momentum, many Democrats, especially moderates, are concerned about Sanders, who is not a Democrat, and his democratic socialist ideology. Should Democrats be worried about the "socialist" label? Also, do Democrats have the right to feel entitled to votes from groups within their base, such as progressives and black Americans?

This is the last podcast episode under the Flying Machine banner, as Flying Machine is shutting down. The experience has been wonderful, and it was an honor to be in community with other amazing content creators. Over time, we became not only fellow creatives, but also friends.

Special thank you to our dear leaders, Malcolm & Justin, for the amazing network and community they built and cultivated, and allowing me to be a part of it. Here's to new beginnings for all of us who have been part of this adventure. Cheers!

Featured Podcast: Falling in Love Montage http://fallinginlovemontage.com

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Source Material:

https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2003/11/02/dean-is-criticized-over-remark-on-confederate-flag/0678aaa0-a5e7-4648-add9-358bf3e9e577/ https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Bush-claims-mandate-sets-2nd-term-goals-I-2637116.php https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/02/our-founders-didnt-intend-pardons-work-like/606838/ https://boe.cuyahogacounty.us/en-US/declareorchangeparty.aspx https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed09.asp https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed10.asp https://www.uspresidentialelectionnews.com/2020-presidential-primary-schedule-calendar/ https://ballotpedia.org/Presidential_election_in_North_Dakota,_2020 https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/04/us/politics/what-states-caucus.html?auth=login-facebook https://www.uspresidentialelectionnews.com/2020-presidential-primary-schedule-calendar/canceled-2020-primaries/ https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-gop-canceling-gop-primaries-caucuses/story?id=65436462 https://www.uspresidentialelectionnews.com/2020-presidential-primary-schedule-calendar/ https://www.cnn.com/election/2016/results/exit-polls https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2017/08/24/did-enough-bernie-sanders-supporters-vote-for-trump-to-cost-clinton-the-election/ https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/8/24/16194086/bernie-trump-voters-study

Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/ http://jonathanbiegen.com

Unusual Habitat composed by Silent Partner

My Train's A Comin' composed by Unicorn Heads

Dreams composed by Firefl!es https://soundcloud.com/mangesh-dongare-427116573 Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0 Free Download / Stream: http://bit.ly/dreams-fireflies Music promoted by Audio Library https: https://youtu.be/UD0-KV3SoGI

Potstirrer Podcast is back! In the first regular episode of 2020, Jaye discusses the acquittal of Donald Trump in the US Senate removal trial, after being impeached by the House of Representatives. What does Trump's acquittal mean for democracy, the rule of law, and America's future?

Featured Podcast: Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com

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Source Material:

https://www.ancient.eu/Roman_Empire/ http://www.softschools.com/timelines/roman_empire/timeline_9/ https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/05/opinion/trump-senate-acquittal-impeachment.html https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/statcomps/di_asr/2011/sect04.html https://www.newsweek.com/trump-admin-disability-benefit-changes-harmful-letter-signed-more-100-lawmakers-1484427 https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/10/trump-holdings-conflict-of-interest/503333/ https://www.npr.org/2019/08/05/747013608/trumps-impact-on-federal-courts-judicial-nominees-by-the-numbers https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/night-of-the-long-knives https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/background-and-overview-of-the-nazi-party-nsdap https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-night-of-the-long-knives https://wqad.com/2020/02/08/firing-of-house-impeachment-witnesses-raises-questions-over-us-ukraine-policy/ https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/feb/07/alexander-vindman-fired-trump-impeachment-white-house https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-51408704 https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/feb/05/mitt-romney-trump-impeachment-vote-republicans-reaction https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/feb/10/mitt-romney-matt-schlapp-cpac-physical-safety https://www.foxnews.com/media/kellyanne-conway-vindman-sondland-trump-ousters https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/02/06/gop-claimed-it-was-incensed-schiffs-head-pike-comment-now-trump-is-out-revenge/ https://www.businessinsider.com/the-lone-german-man-who-refused-to-give-hitler-the-nazi-salute-2015-6 http://www.fasena.de/courage/english/index.htm

Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/ http://jonathanbiegen.com

Eyes of Glory composed by Aakash Gandhi

End of the Era composed by Kevin MacLeod Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100452 Artist: http://incompetech.com/

Unknown Longing composed by Asher Fulero

In the final episode of 2019, Chuckles joins Jaye for a countdown and discussion of the most downloaded episodes of 2019. They also talk about the 2020 presidential election, including the Trump impeachment, predictions for the Democratic nomination, and if Trump will be re-elected.

NOTE: Potstirrer Podcast will be on break in the month of January, to prepare for the 2020 election cycle, but will be back in early February!

Featured Podcast: Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com

Twitter: @potstirrercast IG: @potstirrerpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/potstirrerpodcast/ Website: PotstirrerPodcast.com

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Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/

In the third annual Potstirrer Podcast War on Christmas Special, Jaye discusses the pre-Christian origins of several Christmas traditions, including the twelve days of Christmas, Yule logs, Santa Claus and more. How did the Christmas holiday develop over time? And, if Christmas isn't purely "Christian," what are evangelicals waging the "War on Christmas" truly fighting for?

Twitter: @potstirrercast IG: @potstirrerpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/potstirrerpodcast/ Website: PotstirrerPodcast.com

Flying Machine Network: http://flyingmachine.network Patreon: http://flyingmachine.network/support

Source Texts and Links:

Jackson, Sophie. 2013. The Medieval Christmas. Cheltenham, UK: The History Press. https://www.ucg.org/the-good-news/biblical-evidence-shows-jesus-christ-wasnt-born-on-dec-25 https://www.history.com/topics/christmas/history-of-christmas https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/89707/origins-12-christmas-traditions https://www.whychristmas.com/customs/whenchristmasiscelebrated.shtml https://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/common/orthodox-christmas-day https://www.professorshouse.com/yule/ https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-rome/saturnalia https://www.whychristmas.com/customs/25th.shtml https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/people-cultures-in-the-bible/jesus-historical-jesus/how-december-25-became-christmas/ https://www.infoplease.com/calendar-holidays/major-holidays/origins-christmas-holiday https://www.historyhit.com/the-growth-of-christianity-in-the-roman-empire/ https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Holy_Roman_Empire https://www.britannica.com/topic/Christmas https://www.livius.org/articles/place/myra-demre/myra-church-of-the-tomb-of-st-nicholas/ https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/patron-saint https://www.history.com/news/dont-forget-santas-cookies-and-milk-the-history-of-a-popular-christmas-tradition https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/12/131219-santa-claus-origin-history-christmas-facts-st-nicholas/ https://newengland.com/today/living/new-england-history/how-the-puritans-banned-christmas/ https://www.politicalresearch.org/2016/08/18/dominionism-rising-a-theocratic-movement-hiding-in-plain-sight https://www.politicalresearch.org/1992/12/01/theocracy-and-white-supremacy-behind-the-culture-war-to-restore-traditional-values https://www.brookings.edu/blog/the-avenue/2018/03/14/the-us-will-become-minority-white-in-2045-census-projects/

Music:

Christmas Homecoming composed by Aaron Kenny

Carol Of the Bells composed by Audionautix Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Artist: http://audionautix.com/

Deck the Halls B composed Kevin MacLeod Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100368 Artist: http://incompetech.com/

Viking composed by Aakash Gandhi

Yonder Hill and Dale composed by Aaron Kenny

Parzival composed by William Rosati

Shesh Pesh composed by JR Tundra

Achaidh Cheide composed by Kevin MacLeod Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100340 Artist: http://incompetech.com/

At the Foot of the Sphinx composed by Twin Musicom Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Artist: http://www.twinmusicom.org/

CONTENT WARNING - This episode includes discussion of mature themes, including illicit drug use, prescription drug abuse, and both legal and illicit drug addiction. Listener discretion is advised.

In the final installment of America's Drug War, Jaye discusses recent trends in the American drug landscape, including cannabis decriminalization and legalization in several US states, and the opioid epidemic sweeping suburbs and rural areas. How did the War on Drugs, particularly its focus on the "usual suspects," lead to the opioid crisis? Will cannabis be legalized on a federal level, and should harder drugs also be legalized?

Featured Podcast: 33 & 1/3 Under 45 http://frondsradio.com/33andathirdunder45/

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Flying Machine Network: http://flyingmachine.network Patreon: http://flyingmachine.network/support

Source Texts and Links:

Hari, Johann. 2016. Chasing the Scream: The First and Last Days of the War on Drugs. New York: Bloomsbury. Temple, John. 2015. American Pain: How a Young Felon and His Ring of Doctors Unleashed America’s Deadliest Drug Epidemic. Guilford, CT: Rowman & Littlefield. https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/four-decades-counting-continued-failure-war-drugs https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/08/29/this-is-unprecedented-174-heroin-overdoses-in-6-days-in-cincinnati/ https://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/2019/07/27/cincinnati-area-had-24-overdoses-24-hours/1846992001/ https://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/historical-timeline/#2016-present https://www.newsweek.com/state-local-governments-trying-make-cannabis-industry-less-racist-1466077 https://www.americanbar.org/news/abanews/aba-news-archives/2014/03/conflicting_statean/ https://www.dualdiagnosis.org/infographics/history-of-the-opioid-epidemic/ https://avalere.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Avalere-20181030-Opioid-Trends-Brief-FINAL.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5993682/ https://www.medpagetoday.com/painmanagement/painmanagement/80054 https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6025116-Opioidsuit.html#document/p2/a502790 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02686-2 https://www.poison.org/articles/opioid-epidemic-history-and-prescribing-patterns-182 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/27/nyregion/brooklyn-opioid-investigation.html https://www.nprillinois.org/post/why-opioid-epidemic-hitting-rural-america-especially-hard#stream/0 https://www.cnbc.com/id/18591525 https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/ending-addiction-good/201408/marijuana-the-gateway-drug-myth https://today.law.harvard.edu/feature/war-drugs-succeeding/ https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/alcohol-facts-and-statistics

Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/

Brigade composed by TrackTribe

Spark composed by ALBIS

Destination Unknown composed by Ugonna Onyekwe

Sunny Over the Horizon composed by RAGE

CONTENT WARNING - This episode discusses mature themes, including detailed discussion of illicit drug use. Listener discretion is advised.

In the penultimate installment of America's Drug War, President Ronald Reagan and his successors take the mantle of drug warrior in the 1980s and 1990s. Jaye discusses campaigns and programs designed to reduce drug use in children, such as Just Say No and DARE, as well as the crack epidemic of the 80s, and the shift to punitive measures that the federal government took to win the War on Drugs. Were these efforts successful - and what did "success" truly mean?

Featured Podcast: Stranger Still Website: http://strangerstillshow.com

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Source Links:

Detroit Blue Pigs - Fight The Crime (1986): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkAy_hvhLCY http://www.deadlinedetroit.com/articles/23337/dpd_officer_blue_pigs_co-founder_retires https://www.adweek.com/creativity/these-shameless-cocaine-ads-prove-70s-were-hell-time-be-alive-166927/ https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2007/11/reagans-race-record/46875/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2672328/ https://www.history.com/topics/1980s/just-say-no http://www.drugpolicy.org/issues/brief-history-drug-war CNN: 1986: Nancy Reagan's 'Just say no' campaign: https://youtu.be/lQXgVM30mIY https://timeline.com/ronald-nancy-reagan-war-on-drugs-crack-baby-just-say-no-cia-communism-racial-injustice-fcfeadb3548d https://theweek.com/articles/495031/daryl-gates-19262010 https://dare.org/about/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1448384/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2672328/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2000/01/20/the-dare-program-and-a-parents-concerns/f7aceab4-7596-4cfe-8e00-5d736676204d/ http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/library/dare4.htm https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1996/killer2.htm https://www.chicagotribune.com/columns/dahleen-glanton/ct-opioid-epidemic-dahleen-glanton-met-20170815-column.html https://www.britannica.com/topic/crack-epidemic https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/089533004773563485 https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1996/10/04/conspiracy-theories-can-often-ring-true/3960d4c5-593e-4b4d-b3c9-a2f9f4148c9d/ https://uproxx.com/hiphop/snowfall-1980s-crack-epidemic/ https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/p16_sum.pdf https://www.aclu.org/other/cracks-system-20-years-unjust-federal-crack-cocaine-law https://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs6/6445/6445p.pdf https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/863 https://thecannabisindustry.org/member-blog-little-known-critical-exception-federal-paraphernalia-laws/ https://link.springer.com/epdf/10.1007/s13524-017-0611-1?author_access_token=jXD6ohexE1c1ur2WRWhpkfe4RwlQNchNByi7wbcMAY4uMYrYNkMZx9I1WjnbPAWM-g13AQlmw4x8-VaL1oT3wS1z7bR6McpJuw6uJspKuwHQtTd1alIFBkHajdo4QVT1CPUCL7C_5xQhC8-ZXzjA6g%3D%3D

Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/

Miami composed by Dan Mason https://danmason.bandcamp.com/album/miami-virtual-20

Lagos composed by Quincas Moriera

Pop Killer composed by The Mini Vandals

It Was a Fine Day composed by South London HiFi

Aurora Currents composed by Ashley Fulero

Sweet Tides composed by LATASHA

CONTENT WARNING - The following episode discusses mature themes, including illicit drug use and political assassinations. Listener discretion is advised.

In the third installment of America's War on Drugs, Richard Nixon makes good on his second chance at becoming president of the United States in 1968, instituting his "law and order" policies during his president, chief among them sweeping anti-drug policy. These policies concentrated mostly on cannabis and opiates such as heroin, but also overhauled the way the federal government addressed drugs. Jaye provides context to the America of the 1960s, and discusses Nixon's War on Drugs as key to his crusade to end the social and political change the 1960s represented.

Featured Podcast: The Losers Website: http://theloserspod.podbean.com

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Source Links:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_9OJnRnZjU&t=55s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cEdtwQ8OguY https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2018/11/05/law-order-campaign-that-won-richard-nixon-white-house-years-ago/ https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/kennedy-nixon-debates https://prologue.blogs.archives.gov/2010/11/15/does-television-affect-how-we-elect-presidents/ https://www.hrc.org/blog/flashbackfriday-today-in-1973-the-apa-removed-homosexuality-from-list-of-me https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/cuban-missile-crisis https://www.nixonfoundation.org/2018/05/no-final-victories-lessons-president-nixons-drug-abuse-initiatives/ https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/03/the-war-on-drugs-how-president-nixon-tied-addiction-to-crime/254319/ https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED052395.pdf https://www.dea.gov/drug-scheduling https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2018-07/1970-1975%20p%2030-39.pdf https://cdn.nixonlibrary.org/01/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/16155628/TV-Address-on-the-War-Against-Drugs-1.pdf https://harpers.org/archive/2016/04/legalize-it-all/ https://www.vox.com/2016/3/22/11278760/war-on-drugs-racism-nixon https://www.forbes.com/sites/eriksherman/2016/03/23/nixons-drug-war-an-excuse-to-lock-up-blacks-and-protesters-continues/#131783fc42c8

Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/

Bad F'n Goblins composed by Incarta '95 https://incarta95.bandcamp.com/album/into-the-goblin-forest

Down the Street Blues composed by Unicorn Heads

Grant & Green composed by Josh Lippi & The Overtimers

Spying in the 60's composed by Sir Cubworth

In the spirit of the Octobermonth season, Jaye discusses urban legends, particularly three stories voted on by listeners, and provides historical and social context for their spread. What are some common themes in these urban myths? Why do these stories persist, even in the information age? And - are these often frightful tales real?

Featured Podcast: Divisive Issues Website: http://frondsradio.com/divisiveissues

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Flying Machine Network: http://flyingmachine.network Patreon: http://flyingmachine.network/support

Source Texts and Links:

Best, Joel, and Gerald T. Horiuchi. 1985. “The Razor Blade in the Apple: The Social Construction of Urban Legends.” Social Problems. 32:5, pp. 488-499. https://www.jstor.org/stable/800777

Brunvand, Jan Harold. 1999. Too Good to Be True: The Colossal Book of Urban Legends. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.

Brunvand, Jan Harold. 2001. The Truth Never Stands in Way of a Good Story. University of Illinois Press.

Putnam, Robert. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Soltero, Gonzalo. 2016. “The Mexican Transmission of ‘Lights Out!’” Journal of Folklore Research. 53:3, pp. 115-135.

https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/pins-and-needles/ https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/halloween-non-poisonings/ https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/lights-out/ https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/the-killer-in-the-backseat/ https://www.snopes.com/what-are-urban-legends/ https://www.wusa9.com/article/news/verify/verify-no-the-flashing-headlights-gang-initiation-warning-is-not-legit/65-622982337 https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2014/11/30/detroit-police-fight-carjacking-crime/19671313/ https://www.thoughtco.com/flash-your-headlights-and-die-3299113 https://www.nbcchicago.com/entertainment/celebrity/Do_Strangers_Really_Tamper_with_Halloween_Candy.html

Music:

Potstirrer Podcast Theme composed by Jon Biegen from Stranger Still http://strangerstillshow.com/

Rescuer composed by Dan Mason https://danmason.bandcamp.com/album/infinite-failure

Something's Here composed by The Whole Other

Heaven and Hell composed by Jeremy Blake

Tragic Story composed by Myuu

Schizo composed by Anno Domini Beats