Divine providence—the idea that everything has already been decreed by the Creator from eternity—has troubled theologians and philosophers for centuries.

How can we reconcile the two apparently contradictory facts that Allah has absolute power and sovereignty over all creation, and that at the same time we are responsible for our actions?  Are we forced to do what we do, or are our choices meaningful?

Note: The audio files are generated using AI technology. As such, the intonations and pronunciation of certain words may not reflect human speech patterns. For the original written research paper check out https://yaqeeninstitute.org