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The Science of Second Chances: A Revolution in Criminal Justice

In this episode of Probable Causation:

Oeindrila Dube talks about a cognitive behavioral training program for police. This episode was first posted in April 2024.

“A Cognitive View of Policing” by Oeindrila Dube, Sandy Jo MacArthur, and Anuj Shah.

"Thinking, fast and slow? Some field experiments to reduce crime and dropout in Chicago" by Sara B. Heller, Anuj K. Shah, Jonathan Guryan, Jens Ludwig, Sendhil Mullainathan, and Harold A. Pollack.

"Can You Build a Better Cop?" by Emily Owens, David Weisburd, Karen L. Amendola, and Geoffrey P. Alpert. 

"The Impacts of Implicit Bias Awareness Training in the NYPD" by Robert E. Worden, Sarah J. McLean, Robin S. Engel, Hannah Cochran, Nicholas Corsaro, Danielle Reynolds, Cynthia J. Najdowski, and Gabrielle T. Isaza. 

"The impact of implicit bias-oriented diversity training on police officers’ beliefs, motivations, and actions" by Calvin K. Lai and Jaclyn A. Lisnek.

"Does De-escalation Training Work?" by Robin S. Engel, Hannah D. McManus, and Tamara D. Herold. 

"Assessing the Impact of De-escalation Training on Police Behavior: Reducing Police Use of Force in the Louisville, KY Metro Police Department" by Robin S. Engel, Nicholas Corsaro, Gabrielle T. Isaza, and Hannah D. McManus.

“Reducing crime and violence: Experimental evidence from cognitive behavioral therapy in Liberia” by Christopher Blattman, Julian C. Jamison, and Margaret Sheridan.

"Can Recidivism Be Prevented From Behind Bars? Evidence From a Behavioral Program" by William Arbour.

Probable Causation Episode 102: William Arbour

"Peer Effects in Police Use of Force" by Justin E. Holz, Roman G. Rivera, and Bocar A. Ba.

"The Effect of Field Training Officers on Police Use of Force" by Chandon Adger, Matthew Ross, and CarlyWill Sloan.

Probable Causation Episode 90: Matthew Ross

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Vijetha Koppa talks about Lethality Assessment Programs used by police in domestic violence incidents.

"Does the Certainty of Arrest Reduce Domestic Violence? Evidence from Mandatory and Recommended Arrest Laws" by Radha Iyengar.

"Revisiting the Effect of Warrantless Domestic Violence Arrest Laws on Intimate Partner Homicides" by Yoo Mi Chin and Scott Cunningham.

"Deterrence or Backlash? Arrests and the Dynamics of Domestic Violence" by Sofia Amaral, Gordon B. Dahl, Victoria Endl-Geyer, Timo Hener, and Helmut Rainer.

"Improving Batterer Intervention Programs Through Theory-Based Research" by Gregory L. Stuart, Jeff R. Temple, and Todd M. Moore.

"Batterer Intervention Programs: A Report From the Field" by Bethany J. Price and Alan Rosenbaum.

“The next Generation of Court-Mandated Domestic Violence Treatment: A Comparison Study of Batterer Intervention and Restorative Justice Programs" by Linda G. Mills, Briana Barocas, and Barak Ariel.

"The Oklahoma Lethality Assessment Study: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of the Lethality Assessment Program" by Jill T. Messing, Jacquelyn Campbell, Daniel W. Webster, Sheryll Brown, Beverly Patchell, and Janet Sullivan Wilson.

"Criminal Charges, Risk Assessment, and Violent Recidivism in Cases of Domestic Abuse" by Dan A. Black, Jeffrey Grogger, Tom Kirchmaier, and Koen Sanders.

"Policing in Patriarchy: An Experimental Evaluation of Reforms to Improve Police Responsiveness to Women in India" by Sandip Sukhtankar, Gabriele Kruks-Wisner, and Akshay Mangla.

"Gender, Crime and Punishment: Evidence from Women Police Stations in India" by Sofia Amaral, Sonia R. Bhalotra, and Nishith Prakash.

"Gender Violence, Enforcement, and Human Capital: Evidence from Women’s Justice Centers in Peru" by Sviatschi, Maria Micaela, and Iva Trako.

"Female Political Representation and Violence Against Women: Evidence from Brazil" by Magdalena Delaporte and Francisco Pino.

Peter Blair talks about occupational licenses as information about criminal records.

“Job Market Signaling through Occupational Licensing” by Peter Q. Blair and Bobby W. Chung.

“The Prevalence and Effects of Occupational Licensing" by Morris M. Kleiner and Alan B. Krueger.

“Analyzing the Extent and Influence of Occupational Licensing on the Labor Market" by Morris M. Kleiner and Alan B. Krueger.

“A Welfare Analysis of Occupational Licensing in U.S. States" by Morris M. Kleiner and Evan J. Soltas.

“How Much of Barrier to Entry is Occupational Licensing?” by Peter Q. Blair and Bobby W. Chung.

“The unintended consequences of 'ban the box': Statistical discrimination and employment outcomes when criminal histories are hidden" by Jennifer L. Doleac and Benjamin Hansen.

“Does Job Testing Harm Minority Workers? Evidence from Retail Establishments" by David H. Autor and David Scarborough.

“Job Market Signaling" by Michael Spence.

Joseph Doyle talks about improving foster care outcomes.

“Effects of Enhanced Legal Aid in Child Welfare: Evidence from a Randomized Trial of Mi Abogado” by Ryan Cooper, Joseph J. Doyle, and Andrés Hojman.

“The Effects of Legal Representation on Tenant Outcomes in Housing Court: Evidence from New York City’s Universal Access Program” by Michael T. Cassidy and Janet Currie.

"Better Together? A Field Experiment on Human-Algorithm Interaction in Child Protection" by Marie-Pascale Grimon and Christopher Mills.

Barry Friedman talks with Jens Ludwig about his book: Unforgiving Places: The Unexpected Origins of American Gun Violence.

Elin Colmsjö talks about how health shocks affect criminal behavior.

“Breaking Bad: How Health Shocks Prompt Crime” by Steffen Andersen, Elin Colmsjö, Gianpaolo Parise, and Kim Peijnenburg. 

“Participation in illegitimate activities: A theoretical and empirical investigation" by Isaac Ehrlich.

“Long-term and spillover effects of health shocks on employment and income” by Pilar García-Gómez, Hans Van Kippersluis, Owen O’Donnell, and Eddy Van Doorslaer.

“The economic consequences of hospital admissions" by Carlos Dobkin, Amy Finkelstein, Raymond Kluender, and Matthew J. Notowidigdo.

“Family health behaviors" by Itzik Fadlon and Torben Heien Nielsen.

“Family labor supply responses to severe health shocks: Evidence from Danish administrative records" by Itzik Fadlon and Torben Heien Nielsen.

“Child’s gender, young fathers’ crime, and spillover effects in criminal behavior" and Christian Dustmann and Rasmus Landersø.

“Life shocks and crime: A test of the 'turning point' hypothesis” by Hope Corman, Kelly Noonan, Nancy E Reichman, and Ofira Schwartz-Soicher.

"Does Welfare Prevent Crime? the Criminal Justice Outcomes of Youth Removed from SSI" by Manasi Deshpande and Michael Mueller-Smith.

Probable Causation Episode 72: Manasi Deshpande.

"Mental Health and Criminal Involvement: Evidence from Losing Medicaid Eligibility" by Elisa Jácome.

Probable Causation Episode 60: Elisa Jácome.

"The Effect of Medicaid on Crime: Evidence from the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment" by Amy Finkelstein, Sarah Miller, and Katherine Baicker.

Sekou Keita talks about how media policies that limit information reported about criminal offenders can unintentionally increase bias against the group they're trying to protect.

“The Usual Suspects: Offender Origin, Media Reporting and Natives’ Attitudes Towards Immigration” by Sekou Kenta, Thomas Renault, and Jérôme Valette.

"Anti-Muslim voting and media coverage of immigrant crimes" by Mathieu Couttenier, Sophie Hatte, Mathias Thoenig, and Stephanos Vlachos.

"News, Emotions, and Policy Views on Immigration" by Elena Manzoni, Elie Murard, Simone Quercia, and Sara Tonini.

"Media Coverage of Immigration and the Polarization of Attitudes" by Sarah Schneider-Strawczynski and Jérôme Valette.

Probable Causation Episode 8: Amanda Agan

Nour Abdul-Razzak talks about her research on a cognitive behavioral therapy program called Choose to Change.

“Longer-term Impacts of a Youth Behavioral Science Intervention: Experimental Evidence from Chicago” by Nour Abdul-Razzak, Brandon Domash, Kelly Hallberg, and Cristobal Pinto Poehls.

Scarcity: Why having too little means so much by Sendhil Mullainathan and Eldar Shafir.

“Thinking, fast and slow? Some field experiments to reduce crime and dropout in Chicago” by Sara B. Heller, Anuj K. Shah, Jonathan Guryan, Jens Ludwig, Sendhil Mullainathan, and Harold A. Pollack.

“Reducing crime and violence: Experimental evidence from cognitive behavioral therapy in Liberia” by Christopher Blattman, Julian C. Jamison, and Margaret Sheridan.

“Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Reduces Crime and Violence over Ten Years: Experimental Evidence” by Christopher Blattman, Sebastian Chaskel, Julian C. Jamison, and Margaret Sheridan.

“Predicting and Preventing Gun Violence: An Experimental Evaluation of READI Chicago" by Monica P. Bhatt, Sara B. Heller, Max Kapustin, Marianne Bertrand, and Christopher Blattman.

Probable Causation Episode 88: Sara Heller and Max Kapustin.

"Therapy to Reduce Violence and Improve Institutional Safety During Incarceration" by Bill Evans, Tyler Giles, and Rebecca Margolit-Chan.

"Can Recidivism be Prevented from Behind Bars? Evidence from a Behavioral Program" by William Arbour.

Probable Causation Episode 102: William Arbour.

"'Something Works' in U.S. Jails: Misconduct and Recidivism Effects of the IGNITE Program" by Marcella Alsan, Arkey Barnett, Peter Hull, Crystal S. Yang.

Probable Causation Episode 113: Peter Hull .

“A Cognitive View of Policing” by Oeindrila Dube, Sandy Jo MacArthur, and Anuj Shah.

Probable Causation Episode 104: Oeindrila Dube.

Crystal Yang talks about her research on the accreditation of jail-based health care.

“The Hidden Health Care Crisis Behind Bars: A Randomized Trial to Accredit U.S. Jails” by Marcella Alsan and Crystal Yang.

“Impact of hospital accreditation on quality improvement in healthcare: A systematic review” by Mohammad J. Alhawajreh, Audrey S. Paterson, and William J. Jackson.

“Improvement in quality of hospital care during accreditation: A nationwide stepped-wedge study" by Søren Bie Bogh, Anne Mette Falstie-Jensen, Erik Hollnagel, René Holst, Jeffrey Braithwaite, and Søren Paaske Johnsen.

“Evaluating Accreditation” by Charles D. Shaw.

"Mental Health and Criminal Involvement: Evidence from Losing Medicaid Eligibility" by Elisa Jácome.

Probable Causation Episode 60: Elisa Jácome.

"In-Kind Welfare Benefits and Reincarceration Risk: Evidence from Medicaid" by Marguerite Burns and Laura Dague.

Probable Causation Episode 103: Marguerite Burns and Laura Dague.

"Access to health Care and Criminal Behavior: Evidence form the ACA Medicaid Expansions" by Jacob Vogler.

"The Effect of Medicaid Expansion on Crime Reduction: Evidence from HIFA-Waiver Expansions" by Hefei Wen, Jason M. Hockenberry, and Janet R. Cummings.

“The Health Effects of Prison” by Randi Hjalmarsson and Matthew J. Lindquist.

Probable Causation Episode 41: Matthew Lindquist.

“The Effect of Incarceration on Mortality" by Samuel Norris, Matthew Pecenco, and Jeffrey Weaver.

Steve Mello talks the long-term financial impacts of small criminal justice fines.

“Fines and Financial Wellbeing” by Steven Mello.

"Report on the economic well-being of U.S. households in 2017" by Jeff Larrimore, Alex Durante, Kimberly Kreiss, Christina Park, and Claudia Sahm.

"Criminalizing poverty: The consequences of court fees in a randomized experiment" by Devah Pager, Rebecca Goldstein, Helen Ho, and Bruce Western.

"The Government Revenue, Recidivism, and Financial Health Effects of Criminal Fines and Fees" by Tyler Giles.

"The Impact of Criminal Financial Sanctions: A Multi-State Analysis of Survey and Administrative Data" by Keith Finlay, Matthew Gross, Carl Lieberman, Elizabeth Luh, and Michael Mueller-Smith.