Ogul Uner, MD, invites Arsham Sheybani, MD, to review a case of lens-induced glaucoma in an 82-year-old woman who presents with pain, redness, and blurry vision in her left eye. Visual acuity is hand motion, IOP is 48 mm Hg, and an examination revealed a deep anterior chamber with 3+ cells and white particles and a dense, hypermature cataract. Gonioscopy showed an open angle and intact lens capsule. Dr. Sheybani shares his thoughts on the case and describes the presentations of secondary angle-closure and open-angle glaucomas, including phacomorphic, phacoantigenic, and phacolytic glaucomas. He covers differentiating from primary angle-closure and open-angle mechanisms and how to proceed with surgical treatment.

Maura Di Nicola, MD, joins Ogul Uner, MD, to talk about white dot syndromes, a group of inflammatory chorioretinopathies. They begin with a case of a 32-year-old woman who presents with blurry vision in the right eye for 2 weeks, with new onset floaters with mild pain and photophobia. Examination showed 2+ vitreous cells and multiple yellow-white chorioretinal lesions in both eyes. Dr. Di Nicola shares what questions to ask about the patient’s history and what factors to consider when forming a differential diagnosis. Drs. Uner and Di Nicola further discuss the signs of multifocal choroiditis, distinguishing between different presentations of white dot syndrome, and what can be learned from multimodal imaging.

Ogul Uner, MD, invites Amina Malik, MD, to review a case of suspected thyroid eye disease (TED) in a 44-year-old female patient who presents with eye redness and diplopia. The patient reported no recent illnesses or medications, and external examination showed upper eyelid retraction, edema, erythema, and mild chemosis. Dr. Malik shares her initial thoughts on the case and describes the diagnostic features and most common clinical signs of TED. She also reviews treatment approaches for the acute and chronic forms of the disease.

Erick Rivera Grana, MD, meets with host Ogul Uner, MD, to review a case of a 34-year-old woman who experienced blurred vision and mild discomfort in her right eye with an IOP of 38 mm Hg. The patient also presented with conjunctival injection and posterior synechiae. Dr. Rivera Grana describes his diagnostic approach to this case and explains the management of uveitic ocular hypertension and uveitic glaucoma.

Neuro-ophthalmologist Amanda Redfern, MD, joins host Ogul Uner, MD, to review a case in which a 70-year-old woman experienced intermittent visual disturbances and headaches. Examination revealed a relative afferent pupillary defect and optic disc inflammation. Dr. Redfern explains her initial diagnosis of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION) and outlines the typical demographics of patients who present with AAION.

Ogul Uner, MD, is joined by vitreoretinal surgeon and uveitis specialist Akshay Thomas, MD, for a comprehensive, case-based discussion on intermediate uveitis and pars planitis. In this case of a young patient presenting with floaters and blurred vision, Dr. Thomas breaks down how to distinguish intermediate uveitis from pars planitis and recognize key exam findings. The conversation highlights the critical role of widefield imaging, OCT, and fluorescein angiography, as well as a thoughtful approach to systemic workup.

Ogul Uner, MD, invites Ta Chen Peter Chang, MD, a pediatric glaucoma specialist, to review a case of a 9-month-old boy who presented with significant photophobia in both eyes. Examination showed IOP of 32 mm Hg in the right eye and 29 mm Hg in the left eye with moderate optic nerve cupping in both eyes. Dr. Chang shares what additional information he would look for to make a diagnosis of pediatric glaucoma. He also shares insights from the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network, a consortium of glaucoma specialists that has developed a consensus of diagnostic criteria. 

Kareem Moussa, MD, speaks with Ogul Uner, MD, about a case in which a 30-year-old man presented with pain, redness, and photophobia in his right eye for 3 days. The patient reports that the pain was sudden, worsening, and similar to a previous instance 1 year prior in his left eye that had been treated with drops. Dr. Moussa explains the information he would need to determine a diagnosis and recommend treatment for this patient. He emphasizes the importance of considering potential systemic conditions that can cause eye inflammation and shares the clinical findings of anterior uveitis, its treatments, and potential risks.

In this episode, instead of reviewing just one case, Sila Bal, MD, MPH, invites Neda Shamie, MD, to share her insights into challenging cases of astigmatism management during cataract surgery. Dr. Shamie explains how modern patients have higher expectations for optimized refractive outcomes and reviews her preferred techniques for astigmatism management in these cases. They discuss limbal relaxing incisions, arcuate incisions, and toric IOLs, and when to consider each approach based on the severity of astigmatism.

In this episode, John Chen, MD, PhD, joins Ogul Uner, MD, to share his experience in neuro-ophthalmology. In the case discussed, a 32-year-old woman presented with decreased vision and pain in her right eye for 1 week, and examination revealed a rapid afferent pupillary defect. The patient also mentioned she had experienced numbness in her right arm 1 year ago. Dr. Chen explains why he would suspect retrobulbar optic neuritis in this case, and what his next steps would be to confirm that diagnosis and treat the patient.