This episode is with Nick Enfield. He is a Professor of Linguistics at the University of Sydney. Nick's research on language, culture, cognition and social life is based on long term field work in mainland Southeast Asia, especially Laos. His books include Natural Causes of Language, Distributed Agency, and How We Talk. His latest book is 'Language vs Reality: Why language is good for lawyers and bad for scientists'

In this conversation we talk about evolution of language and How well it can describe reality?, Can language nudge our thoughts?, Maths as a language, evolution of human reason and rationality. 

Guest info:

Website: http://nickenfield.org/

Google scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZZ6woWgAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra

Twitter: https://twitter.com/njenfield?s=20&t=rt6kyVo-IRUsdRu1Q4_W7g

Episode links:  

Website:  https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/can-language-describe-reality-with-nick-enfield 

Youtube: https://youtu.be/lWzE55QeVDc 

Spotify:  https://open.spotify.com/episode/2Hc9rPQQKHeboy2TINF0ik?si=ifgkA1KxSoCGM4qS0U4iqQ 

Apple podcast:  https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/can-language-describe-reality-with-nick-enfield/dc89efc0-0bf4-4e35-85c2-f740fae73591 

Google podcast:   https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/M2YyNTFjOTktNzZjMy00Y2Q3LWFhOTAtYzNhOGIzZmI0NDg2?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwj4w-iF0L76AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAQ

Follow Reason with Science:  

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/  

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience  

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh  

Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894  

Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw

Timestamps: 

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:01:07 What is language?  

00:04:01 When does a communication system becomes a language? 

00:08:02 How language got started?  

00:13:31 Do sapiens have an advantage which helped us to start a language? 

00:17:30 Language is too blunt for scientists and good for lawyers  

00:23:40 We simplify the complexity of the world 

00:28:23 Why language was evolved? 

00:30:52 On Donald Hoffman's work 

00:35:36 Brute reality and social reality 

00:36:59 Yuval Harrari's imagined reality  

00:40:38 Power of all the languages 

00:44:29 Language in an AI society 

00:47:25 Complexity of a language 

00:56:18 Can complexity of a language affect psychology?   

01:00:08 Sapira-Whorf hypothesis 

01:04:07 Co-evolution and evolution of languages  

01:08:05 Desmond Morris' work on neoteny 

01:10:54 Purpose of a language 

01:16:04 Rationality, reasoning and language  

01:22:35 Truth and rationality 

01:27:45 Fighting misinformation

01:30:19 Confirmation bias 

01:31:55 Should we care if a language is dying? 

01:38:06 Is mathematics a language? 

01:44:26 Thank you!  

#reasonwithscience #languages #evolution

This is second part of the conversation with Randy Schekman. He is an  investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and a Professor of  Cell and Developmental Biology in the Department of Molecular and Cell  Biology at the University of California at Berkeley. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2013 for his  role in revealing the machinery that regulates the transport and  secretion of proteins in our cells. He shares the prize with James E.  Rothman of Yale University and Thomas C. Südhof of Stanford University. 

In this conversation we talk about his work on scientific publishing,  his suggestions for  early-career researchers and his experience on Parkinson's project.  

Listen to part I here: https://youtu.be/bl1uG4PbTOE 

Find more about Randy's work: http://mcb.berkeley.edu/labs/schekman/ 

Randy's biography: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2013/schekman/facts/ 

Episode links: 

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/the-noble-journey-with-randy-schekman-ii 

Youtube: https://youtu.be/MNjfkoutAhQ 

Spotify:  

Apple podcast:   

Google podcast:    

Follow Reason with Science:   

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/   

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience   

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh   

Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894   

Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw

Timestamps: 

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:00:49 How to select a scientific question? 

00:05:13 Bold ideas survive in science!   

00:06:50 Importance of collaboration in science 

00:12:24 ASAP project model for early career researchers  

00:13:03 Change in the evaluation process 

00:19:25 How to understand quality of science? 

00:24:31 Parkinson's project (ASAP)  

00:28:02 Why scientific publishing can change?  

00:29:43 Understanding of scientific method to improve scientific publishing! 

00:31:37 Any shift in pressure of publishing?  

00:32:58 More about Parkinson's project (ASAP) 

00:38:38 Role of unstructured proteins in neurodegenerative diseases  

00:41:41 Unstructured proteins are the next problem! 

00:42:38 No markers for Parkinson's so far! 

00:43:50 Causes of Parkinson's 

00:45:06 What can be a potential cure of Parkinson's?  

00:47:12 Thank you!  

More Talks from Randy: 

TEDx on scientific publishing: https://youtu.be/-N4Mb8tsyT8 

iBiology: https://youtu.be/xvjUgTKlKyU 

Nobel prize inspiration initiative lecture: https://youtu.be/Udg6bYkBtX8  

#reasonwithscience #nobelprize #science

This is first part of the conversation with Randy Schekman. He is an  investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and a Professor of  Cell and Developmental Biology in the Department of Molecular and Cell  Biology at the University of California at Berkeley. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2013 for his  role in revealing the machinery that regulates the transport and  secretion of proteins in our cells. He shares the prize with James E.  Rothman of Yale University and Thomas C. Südhof of Stanford University. 

In this conversation we talk about his early career, membranes,  exosomes, scientific publishing and Elife journal. 

Listen to part II: https://youtu.be/MNjfkoutAhQ 

Find more about Randy's work: http://mcb.berkeley.edu/labs/schekman/ 

Randy's biography: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2013/schekman/facts/ 

Episode links:

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/the-noble-journey-with-randy-schekman-i

Youtube: https://youtu.be/bl1uG4PbTOE 

Spotify: 

Apple podcast:  

Google podcast:  

Follow Reason with Science:  

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/  

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience  

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh  

Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894  

Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw

Timestamps: 

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:01:08 Interest in microbes 

00:05:27 Yeasts have feelings too! 

00:06:24 What was already known about vesicular trafficking? 

00:08:42 How do you envision a cell?  

00:09:51 Your work to understand 'what is life'? 

00:12:48 Formation of membranes for the origin of life 

00:14:39 Why membranes are ideal for life! 

00:15:48 Differences of membranes  

00:17:07 The evolution of membranes 

00:19:02 Starting the work on vesicular trafficking 

00:23:09 Discovery of COPII complex 

00:25:24 The specialty of COPII complex  

00:26:30 Importance of vesicular trafficking for animal physiology 

00:27:39 Understanding of gut feeling! 

00:28:56 What has changed after Nobel prize? 

00:30:30 Different cellular trafficking system 

00:32:11 Exosomes and miR223  

00:34:29 Problems with exosomes as therapeutics 

00:35:08 Peer-review and scientific publishing 

00:39:44 Genesis of Elife  

00:44:05 Impact factor of Elife 

00:46:35 Thank you!  

More Talks from Randy: 

TEDx on scientific publishing: https://youtu.be/-N4Mb8tsyT8 

iBiology: https://youtu.be/xvjUgTKlKyU 

Nobel prize inspiration initiative lecture: https://youtu.be/Udg6bYkBtX8  

#reasonwithscience #nobelprize #cellbiology

This episode is with Nick Lane. Nick is a professor of Evolutionary Biochemistry at University College London. He is an author of several books like Power, Sex, Suicide; Life ascending and the Vital question. His latest book is Transformer: The Deep Chemistry of Life and Death.

Here we talk about What is life?, Life as an information, importance of Krebs cycle, How did the life start?, consciousness, chronic diseases like cancer and process of ageing.

Guest info:

Website: https://nick-lane.net/

Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Nick-Lane/e/B001IXSEJ2/ref=dp_byline_cont_pop_book_1

Google scholar: https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?hl=en&view_op=list_works&gmla=AJsN-F4olJCJHK40l0_0fVpJFgPP2JYynLUs5cpCsX0ADVj9y4VIo99TJ598Hr0_ItDJucJJGG4Tlxw9nr0zvdBMl8ow3iI3rA&user=eChselQAAAAJ

Episode links:

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/chemistry-of-life-and-death-with-nick-lane

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YolIkk_oJdI

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0rgEE8ZHA8wOMFcDm9k00X?si=Efq33fLXRs66vb5d6KlPVw

Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/chemistry-of-life-and-death-with-nick-lane/48ce9fbe-5e92-43cd-a97a-4d6b846a7888

Google podcast: https://podcastsmanager.google.com/episode?show=show%3AktGOqSvOM5S386E5jDIB0g&episode=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3BsYXkvNTgwNDQxMTUvaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZkM2N0eGxxMWt0dzJubC5jbG91ZGZyb250Lm5ldCUyRnN0YWdpbmclMkYyMDIyLTgtMjQlMkZlODhmZjcyMC01MWJkLTE2ZWYtYzg5Mi0xMTg3MGM2N2EwZGMubXAz&daterange=LAST_28D&hl=en

Follow Reason with Science:

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh

Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894

Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw

Timestamps:

00:00:00 Introduction

00:01:50 Is 'What is life?' a right question?

00:05:10 Information view of life

00:08:02 Importance of metabolism for origin of life

00:14:27 Gases giving rise to life stuff

00:24:06 Why life doesn't form in a cola bottle?

00:25:20 Oxygen based life

00:31:06 Eukaryogenesis

00:41:07 Respiration in bacteria and mitochondria

00:44:29 Electrical potential on membranes

00:52:24 Membrane inheritance

00:58:04 Krebs cycle and reverse Krebs cycle

01:06:54 Recycling of mitochondria for health

01:15:24 Answering important questions in science

01:18:19 Biology of fields

01:32:11 Reductionism in science

01:35:33 How anesthetics affect bacterial or mitochondrial membranes?

01:45:43 Quantum biology

01:59:05 Lee Cronin's idea of synthetic life

02:01:35 Lee Cronin and Sara Walker's assembly theory

02:05:39 Can we simplify present biochemistry?

02:17:53 Thank you!

#reasonwithscience #biology #biochemistry

This episode is with Paul Zachary (PZ) Myers. He is an associate professor of biology at the University of Minnesota where he works in the field of developmental biology. He is also a founder and author of Pharyngula science blog. 

Here we talk about science based atheism, evolution of religion, god of gaps argument, origin and evolution of life, human values in the society, free speech and future of humanity.

Guest info: 

Blog website: https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/  

Twitter: https://twitter.com/pzmyers

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/PZMyersBiology

Episode links:  

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/scienceevolution-and-atheism-with-pz-myers

Youtube: https://youtu.be/SxyTgw8lYuI 

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0TTztvoHbH7c8xI4b9UbAI?si=wuO3j2nrT1eRifB7dkwaIg 

Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/science-evolution-and-athiesm-with-pz-myers/62fb9808-521f-43d8-8afd-7dc03300fc6a

Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/MjJmZjJjZWEtZTIyNS00NzEzLWI4ZDMtMmMyMjI2NDAwYWY1?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwj41_fakZz6AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA

Follow Reason with Science:  

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/  

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience  

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh  

Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894  

Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw

Timestamps:

00:00:00 Introduction  

00:01:08 How did your scientific career started? 

00:03:24 PZ's view on atheism 00:05:53 Science based atheism  

00:08:29 Why we need to leave religion or God to become a scientist?  

0:10:36 Preconceived biases because of faith  

00:11:26 There's no clear definition of God  

00:13:00 God of gaps argument  

00:16:38 Can we bridge the gaps with science?  

00:19:12 Transition of chemistry to biology (origin of life) 

00:24:46 Evolution of life on the planet  

00:29:06 Multicellularity and Sexual reproduction  

00:34:59 Variation for natural selection  

00:40:53 Role of chance in biology  

00:44:45 Evolution-Development (Evo-Devo) biology  

00:52:42 Hox genes  

00:56:18 Evolutionary theory is most opposed theory!  

00:59:07 Evolution of religion  

01:01:58 Nature-nurture  

01:04:38 Free will  

01:07:28 Consciousness  

01:12:58 Teleology (Purpose) in science  

01:19:24 Religion in artificial intelligence  

01:26:48 Morality and atheism  

01:38:38 Meaning and purpose of life  

01:41:31 Spirituality  

01:46:07 Education and a dialogue  

01:49:30 Thank you!

This is second episode with Donald Hoffman.  Donald is a Professor Emeritus of Cognitive Sciences at the University  of California, Irvine. He is an author of three books, including The  Case Against Reality: Why Evolution Hid the Truth from Our Eyes. Here we talk about what is mathematics?, Interface theory of perception,  fundamental nature of consciousness, origin of life, spiritual  experiences and meaning of death. 

Link for the first episode: https://youtu.be/pPJZm_-OKQ8).   

Guest info: 

Website: http://www.cogsci.uci.edu/~ddhoff/  

Twitter: https://twitter.com/donalddhoffman 

Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/-/e/B001HPIWAW   

Episode links:  

Website:  https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/nature-of-reality-with-bernardo-kastrup/reality-is-an-illusion-with-donald-hoffman

Youtube: https://youtu.be/5zHdq_ba2W8

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/06YcGkK0C6wcFdSzu3E9Za?si=TyTDzaOkSUOiVW4jfP-ViA

Apple podcast:  

Google podcast:  

Follow Reason with Science:  

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/  

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience 

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh  

Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894  

Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw   

Timestamps: 

00:00:00 Introduction  

00:00:51 Interface theory of perception  

00:09:12 Reductionist approach in science 

00:13:52 What is mathematics? 

00:22:12 Emergence of mathematics  

00:25:28 Conscious agents and complexity 

00:32:52 Modern science on consciousness  

00:39:07 Experiments to study structures beyond space-time  

00:57:19 Complexity from conscious agents 

01:03:03 Is there an objective reality? 

01:09:19 Limited semantics to explain reality beyond space-time  

01:15:34 Intelligence and consciousness  

01:17:39 Perception of a self   

01:24:30 Is consciousness a gradient or discrete?  

01:27:14 Understanding universal consciousness  

01:38:38 Meditation, psychedelics and spiritual experiences  

01:40:40 Bernardo Kastrup's analytical idealism  

01:43:37 Fundamental consciousness is scientific or philosophical problem  

01:47:26 Can we go beyond our interface to see reality?  

01:49:44 Importance of silence in life  

01:55:16 Worldview of consciousness as fundamental  

02:03:50 Thank you!   

Other conversations and talks: 

1) Do we see reality as it is? @TED   

2) Donald Hoffman on Ultimate Reality  @Closer To Truth   

3) The Case Against Reality  @Skeptic   

4) The Death of SpaceTime & Birth of Conscious Agents  @Science and  Nonduality   

5) Donald Hoffman Λ Joscha Bach on Consciousness, Free Will, and Gödel  [Theolocution]  @Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal   

6) The Case Against Reality  @The Institute of Art and Ideas    7) Lex Fridman  @Lex Fridman   (https://youtu.be/reYdQYZ9Rj4)  

#reasonwithscience #consciousness #donaldhoffman

This is a conversation with Konstantin Batygin. He is a planetary science professor at Caltech known for his work on  planet 9. He is also a part of a rock band "The seventh season". In this  conversation we talk about how do new solar systems form?, what is a  planet?, Planet 9,  Kuiper belt, and the Edge of our solar system.  

More about Konstantin's work: https://www.konstantinbatygin.com/ 

Follow him in Twitter: https://twitter.com/kbatygin 

His music and band: https://theseventhseason.band/home  

Time stamps: 

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:01:51 Science and music 

00:04:37 How our solar system formed?  

00:10:33 How different planets form?  

00:13:13 Solar system as a disc  

00:14:34 Rocky and gas planets  

00:18:39 What sort of planets form first? 

00:21:36 Orbits of the planets during the formation of a solar system 

00:25:45 What is a planet? 

00:28:41 Major contribution of planets in the stability of a solar system 

00:30:52 Gravitational Pull 00:33:47 Why there's Planet 9?  

00:36:27 History of Planet 9! 

00:42:11 Why don't we have the evidence for planet 9 yet? 

00:45:01 Tools to study unexplored part of solar system 

00:47:44 Kuiper belt  

00:48:08 What kind of planet is planet 9? 

00:49:19 Orbit of Planet 9 

00:51:07 Can planet 9 be a black hole? 

00:53:40 What is the edge of our solar system?   

00:55:36 Oumuamua 

01:00:00 Concluding and thanks!  

This episode is with Bernardo Kastrup.Bernardo is an author, philosopher, and director of the Essentia Foundation. He has a Ph.D. in philosophy and another Ph.D. in computer engineering specializing in artificial intelligence. As a scientist, Bernardo has worked for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Philips Research Laboratories (where the 'Casimir Effect' of Quantum Field Theory was discovered).In this conversation we talk about drawbacks of materialism, what is consciousness?, nature of reality, panpsychism, analytical idealism, free will, what is time?, meaning of life and death.

Guest info:

Website: https://www.bernardokastrup.com/

Twitter: https://twitter.com/BernardoKastrup

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BernardoKastrup/

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeDZCa3VrRQvzBlVR-oVVmA

Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Bernardo-Kastrup/e/B004OFGCA4/

Episode links:

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/nature-of-reality-with-bernardo-kastrup

Youtube: https://youtu.be/hP8zqrVndfQ

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/67MtexvfkKy95rZv5ylZ2F?si=rJWth3e0R8mY7CkwMubSmQ

Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/nature-of-reality-with-bernardo-kastrup/f99141b8-28a8-415e-b47c-a379664d3e66

Google podcast: https://podcastsmanager.google.com/episode?show=show%3AktGOqSvOM5S386E5jDIB0g&episode=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3BsYXkvNTcwMzY4NDUvaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZkM2N0eGxxMWt0dzJubC5jbG91ZGZyb250Lm5ldCUyRnN0YWdpbmclMkYyMDIyLTgtMyUyRjcwZjY0ZTJmLWJjYzQtOGUzMi1lMjc1LTMyMWM0ZDNiYzdkNi5tcDM&daterange=LAST_28D&hl=en

Follow Reason with Science:

Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh

Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894

Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw

Timestamps:

00:00:00 Introduction

00:01:02 Most difficult questions about the cosmos

00:02:54 Science and materialism

00:05:27 Limitations of minds

00:07:36 How well science describes the nature of reality?

00:11:43 Is consciousness an illusion?

00:16:39 Issues with materialism

00:25:24 Origin of life

00:27:56 Science of complexity

00:33:54 How to refute emergence of consciousness?

00:42:19 Psychedelic experiences

00:48:19 Consciousness under analytical idealism

00:50:33 Idealism and trans-personal experiences

00:57:16 Origin of consciousness

01:00:38 What is wetness of the water?

01:05:36 Panpsychism and Solipsism

01:17:58 Consciousness in other species

01:24:31 Will artificial life be conscious?

01:29:10 What is death?

01:33:02 Idealism for meaning of life

01:39:46 What is time?

01:48:11 Western mind

01:53:44 Science of consciousness under idealism

02:24:14 Thank you!

This is a conversation with a theoretical physicist Avi Loeb. He is a  Professor of Science at Harvard University and a bestselling author of  the book "Extraterrestrial: the first sign of an intelligent life beyond  earth" In this conversation we talk about are we alone in the  universe?, first interstellar object named Oumuamua, how we can detect  alien intelligent life and the Galileo project.  

More about Avi's work: https://lweb.cfa.harvard.edu/~loeb/ 

Buy Avi's book: 

https://www.amazon.com/Extraterrestrial-First-Intelligent-Beyond-Earth-ebook/dp/B081TTY4NX  

Timeline of the session: 

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:01:22 Journey to become a professor at Harvard university 

00:07:15 Drake's equation and number of intelligent civilizations in the Universe 

00:13:36 Oumuamua 00:17:55 Oumuamua like objects 

00:18:55 Oumuamua product of another intelligent civilization 

00:24:40 Nature of Oumuamua 

00:31:26 The Galileo project  

00:37:38 Size of the extraterrestrial objects and our telescopes 

00:42:02 Are we ready to meet an alien intelligent civilization? 

00:50:56 Scientific method  

00:58:29 Are there any good/bad questions in science? 

01:02:20 Wars and progress of humanity! 

01:04:45 Impact of realizing that we are not alone! 

01:05:45 Probability of humanity getting extinct! 

01:07:49 Space exploration 

01:10:11 Purpose of humanity 

01:12:36 Future of astrophysics and humanity 

01:14:23 Thank you!  

Other conversations and talks: 

1) Intelligent Life Beyond Earth  @Commonwealth Club of California   

2) Was Earth visited by intelligent life?  @KTLA 5   

3) Aliens, Black Holes, and the Mystery of the Oumuamua  @Lex Fridman   

4) How the Scientific Community Isn't Open Minded  @PowerfulJRE   

5) Avi Loeb on evidence of close extraterrestrial encounters  @CBS Mornings   

6) Extraterrestrial Life ( https://youtu.be/uFrBcy0P6iM)  @Museum of Science, Boston     

#reasonwithscience #aliens #aviloeb

This is a conversation with Carole Hooven. She teaches in and co-directs the undergraduate program in the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University. She is also an author of a great book "T: The story of testosterone". Here we talk about what is testosterone?, Evolution of testosterone, how it affects the behavior and shapes the society?       

More about Carole's work: http://www.carolehooven.com/

Follow Carole on twitter: https://twitter.com/hoovlet 

Episode links:

1) Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/science-of-testosterone-with-carole-hooven

2) Youtube: https://youtu.be/mYqz5OYMvRI

Timeline of the session: 

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:01:18 Carole's work area 

00:03:36 Motivation to write a book on Testosterone 

00:07:46 What is testosterone?  

00:19:08 Testosterone levels 

00:20:30 How do we define a male or a female? 

00:27:56 Effects of Testosterone  

00:36:04 Red deer and Testosterone levels 

00:42:21 Effects of testosterone in other apes 

00:47:15 Correlation between hierarchies and T-levels 

00:48:29 Testosterone levels during lifetime 

00:49:39 CAH (Congenital Androgen Hyperplasia) and CAIS (Congenital Androgen Insensitive Syndrome)  

00:58:56 T-levels during the process of sex-change 

01:03:29 Testosterone and homosexuality 

01:07:08 Deterministic view of Testosterone 

01:09:49 Meditation and testosterone  

01:14:21 Testosterone and the society 

01:21:06 Thank you!

Follow for more!