Lower Extremity Orthoses. Part of the Prosthetics & Orthotics series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/PO-07.

BASIC-06: Pharmacology Cross-Cutting. Topics: Opioids, Anticoagulants, Neuropsychiatry, Injections, Bone Health, and Spasticity — Part 2 (Part 2 of 2). Part of the Foundational Sciences series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/BASIC-06-b.

Spinal Orthoses. Part of the Prosthetics & Orthotics series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/PO-08.

Upper Limb Orthoses. Part of the Prosthetics & Orthotics series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/PO-09-a.

BASIC-05: Biostatistics and Research Design. Topics: Bias, Errors, NNT, Reliability, and Bioethics — Part 2 (Part 2 of 2). Part of the Foundational Sciences series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/BASIC-05-b.

Advanced Prosthetic Technology. Part of the Prosthetics & Orthotics series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/PO-10.

Materials and Fabrication. Part of the Prosthetics & Orthotics series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. Audio correction: In the audio: inadequate relief over the fibular head will instantly compress the common peroneal nerve and cause a devastating, paralyzing foot drop — Correct: In a transtibial amputee there is no ankle or foot distal to the amputation, so common peroneal compression at the fibular neck CANNOT produce foot drop — there is no dorsiflexion, eversion, or toe extension left to lose. What it produces is residual-limb pain and dysesthesia in the peroneal distribution, sometimes with distorted phantom sensation referred to the absent foot. The board rule is: new proximal-lateral residual-limb pain or dysesthesia after a new transtibial prosthesis = peroneal nerve compression at the fibular head until proven otherwise. Classic foot drop from fibular-head compression is the INTACT-limb version of this same danger (a tight cast, a knee brace, habitual leg-crossing), not a prosthesis wearer. The fix is unchanged: deepen and broaden the relief over the fibular head; on the positive model, add to relieve. The written chapter is correct. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/PO-11.

Pediatric Prosthetics and Orthotics. Part of the Prosthetics & Orthotics series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. Audio correction: In the audio: the femur is the one exception — the femur does not develop clinically significant terminal bony overgrowth, so a transfemoral diaphyseal amputation is acceptable — Correct: The femur is not an exception. Terminal bony overgrowth affects, in decreasing order of frequency, the humerus, fibula, tibia, and femur. Disarticulation remains preferred over transosseous amputation in the growing skeleton at every level, femur included. The written chapter is correct. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/PO-12-a.

BASIC-03: Normal Gait Analysis. Topics: Muscle Activation, Three Rockers, Saunders Determinants, Pathological Patterns, and Energy Cost — Part 2 (Part 2 of 2). Part of the Foundational Sciences series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/BASIC-03-b.

Special Populations in Prosthetics and Orthotics. Part of the Prosthetics & Orthotics series of the Reflex PM&R Board Review podcast. The full companion chapter and a linked board-style Q-bank set for this topic are at https://www.reflexpmr.com/read/PO-13.