Please enjoy this encore episode:

Noah Pack, a SANS Internet Storm Center Intern, sits down to discuss research on "What happens when you accidentally leak your AWS API keys?" This research is a guest diary from Noah and shares a project he worked on after seeing an online video of someone who created a python script that emailed colleges asking for free swag to be shipped to him.

The research states "In this article, I will share some research, resources, and real-world data related to leaked AWS API keys." In this research, Noah shares what he learned while implementing his experiment.

The research can be found here:

• What happens when you accidentally leak your AWS API keys? [Guest Diary]

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week, we are joined by Ami Luttwak, Co-Founder and CTO from Wiz, sharing their work on "Wiz Research Finds Critical NVIDIA AI Vulnerability Affecting Containers Using NVIDIA GPUs, Including Over 35 percent of Cloud Environments." A critical vulnerability in the NVIDIA Container Toolkit, widely used for GPU access in AI workloads, could allow attackers to escape containers and gain full access to host environments, jeopardizing sensitive data.

Wiz estimates that at least 33% of cloud environments are affected and urges immediate updates to NVIDIA's patched version. This discovery highlights the broader issue of young, under-secured codebases in AI tools, emphasizing the need for stronger security measures and collaboration.

The research can be found here:

• Wiz Research Finds Critical NVIDIA AI Vulnerability Affecting Containers Using NVIDIA GPUs, Including Over 35% of Cloud Environments

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week we are joined by, Blake Darché, Head of Cloudforce One at Cloudflare, to discuss their work on "Unraveling SloppyLemming’s Operations Across South Asia." Cloudforce One's investigation into the advanced threat actor "SloppyLemming" reveals an extensive espionage campaign targeting South and East Asia, with a focus on Pakistan's government, defense, telecommunications, and energy sectors.

Leveraging multiple cloud service providers, SloppyLemming employs tactics like credential harvesting, malware delivery, and command-and-control (C2) operations, often relying on open-source adversary emulation tools like Cobalt Strike. Despite its activities, the actor's poor operational security (OPSEC) has allowed investigators to gain valuable insights into its infrastructure and tooling.

The research can be found here:

• Unraveling SloppyLemming’s operations across South Asia

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Enjoy this special encore episode, where we are joined by Jon Williams from Bishop Fox, as he is sharing their research on "It’s 2024 and Over 178,000 SonicWall Firewalls are Publicly Exploitable." SonicWall published advisories for CVE-2022-22274 and CVE-2023-0656 a year apart after finding that NGFW series 6 and 7 devices are affected by two unauthenticated denial-of-service vulnerabilities.

The research states "Our research found that the two issues are fundamentally the same but exploitable at different HTTP URI paths due to reuse of a vulnerable code pattern." They also found that when they scanned SonicWall firewalls with management interfaces exposed to the internet, they found that 76% are vulnerable to one or both issues.

The research can be found here:

• It’s 2024 and Over 178,000 SonicWall Firewalls are Publicly Exploitable

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week, we are joined by, Amnon Kushnir from Sygnia, who is sharing their work on "China-Nexus Threat Group ‘Velvet Ant’ Leverages a Zero-Day to Deploy Malware on Cisco Nexus Switches." In early 2024, Sygnia observed the ‘Velvet Ant’ threat group exploiting a zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2024-20399) to infiltrate Cisco Switch appliances and operate undetected within enterprise networks.

This attack enables threat actors to escape Cisco’s command interface and install malware directly on the device’s OS, bypassing standard security tools. The incident underscores the risks posed by third-party appliances and the importance of enhanced monitoring and threat detection to counter advanced persistent threats.

The research can be found here:

• China-Nexus Threat Group ‘Velvet Ant’ Leverages a Zero-Day to Deploy Malware on Cisco Nexus Switches

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week, we are pleased to be joined by Mick Baccio, global security advisor for Splunk SURGe, sharing their research on "LLM Security: Splunk & OWASP Top 10 for LLM-based Applications." The research dives into the rapid rise of AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) that initially seem magical, but behind the scenes, they are sophisticated systems built by humans. Despite their impressive capabilities, these systems are vulnerable to numerous cyber threats.

Splunk's research explores the OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications, a framework that highlights key vulnerabilities such as prompt injection, training data poisoning, and sensitive information disclosure.

The research can be found here:

• LLM Security: Splunk & OWASP Top 10 for LLM-based Applications

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week we are joined by Chester Wisniewski, Global Field CTO from Sophos X-Ops team, to discuss their work on "Crimson Palace returns: New Tools, Tactics, and Targets." Sophos X-Ops has observed a resurgence in cyberespionage activity, tracked as Operation Crimson Palace, targeting Southeast Asian government organizations.

After a brief lull, Cluster Charlie resumed operations in September 2023, using new tactics such as web shells and open-source tools to bypass detection, re-establish access, and map target network infrastructure, demonstrating ongoing efforts to exfiltrate data and expand their foothold.

The research can be found here:

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Trevor Hilligoss, VP of SpyCloud Labs at SpyCloud, discusses the increasing threat of ransomware, emphasizing the role of infostealer malware in facilitating these attacks. He draws from SpyCloud's 2024 Malware and Ransomware Defense Report, highlighting how compromised identity data from infostealers creates opportunities for ransomware operators.

With 75% of organizations experiencing multiple ransomware attacks in the past year, Trevor explores findings from over 500 security leaders in the US and UK, discussing the challenges businesses face and how they can use insights from this research to defend against ransomware and other cybercrimes.

The research can be found here:

• MALWARE AND RANSOMWARE DEFENSE REPORT

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Joshua Miller from Proofpoint is discussing their work on "Best Laid Plans: TA453 Targets Religious Figure with Fake Podcast Invite Delivering New BlackSmith Malware Toolset." Proofpoint identified Iranian threat actor TA453 targeting a prominent Jewish figure with a fake podcast interview invitation, using a benign email to build trust before sending a malicious link.

The attack attempted to deliver new malware called BlackSmith, containing a PowerShell trojan dubbed AnvilEcho, designed for intelligence gathering and exfiltration. This malware consolidates all of TA453's known capabilities into a single script rather than the previously used modular approach.

The research can be found here:

• Best Laid Plans: TA453 Targets Religious Figure with Fake Podcast Invite Delivering New BlackSmith Malware Toolset

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

We are joined by Yves Younan, Senior Manager, Talos Vulnerability Discovery and Research from Cisco, discussing their work on "How multiple vulnerabilities in Microsoft apps for macOS pave the way to stealing permissions." Cisco Talos has uncovered eight vulnerabilities in Microsoft applications for macOS that could allow attackers to exploit the system's permission model by injecting malicious libraries.

By leveraging permissions already granted to these apps, attackers could gain access to sensitive resources like the microphone, camera, and screen recording without user consent. While Microsoft considers these issues low risk and has declined to fix them, the vulnerabilities pose a potential threat to user privacy and security.

The research can be found here:

• How multiple vulnerabilities in Microsoft apps for macOS pave the way to stealing permissions

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices