Reviewer 2 does geoengineering

How do you compare biochar to DAC, or afforestation to enhanced weathering? Plug all the details into Solene Chiquier's galaxy brain, that's how. She's like the Oracle of Delphi (but much less weird). The podcast's paper: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2022/ee/d2ee01021f

A comparative analysis of the efficiency, timing, and permanence of CO 2 removal pathways. Other useful links: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2022/YA/D2YA00108J

CO2 removal and 1.5 °C: what, when, where, and how? - Energy Advances (RSC Publishing) - Royal Society of Chemistry ; Her thesis: https://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/handle/10044/1/100826

A book chapter on her AR framework: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781839161995-00244/978-1-83916-199-5

Donn Viviani & Dan Galpern look at how individual petitioners could put an end to US firms' deployment of SRM. Background info provided by guests: Current petition and lawsuit available at cprclimate.org

In my 2015 petition I explicitly asked for a section 4 rule to develop data, if EPA lacked the information to make a risk finding. It could serve as a template for a geoengineering information request https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-09/documents/petition_oa_tsca_2014_final_2.pdf

the denial is here https://www.regulations.gov/document/EPA-HQ-OPPT-2015-0487-0001

Under the Administrative Procedure Act, any person may petition for the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a rule (5 U.S.C. 553(e)). The petition will be addressed to the Secretary of the Interior, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC 20240. see https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-43/subtitle-A/part-14

NEPA National Environmental Policy Act: Each Agency has it's out set of NEPA guidelines and policies Here is a good overview from an ngo https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-09/documents/petition_oa_tsca_2014_final_2.pdf

EPAs NEPA guide is here https://www.epa.gov/nepa/national-environmental-policy-act-policies-and-guidance When does NEPA apply to obligate a private actor to undertake environmental analysis?

The US Council on Environmental Quality published a nice little Citizen's Guide to the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in 2007 and

on p. 4 it noted, among other things, that:

"[]Congress recognized that the Federal Government’s actions

may cause significant environmental effects. The range of actions that

cause significant environmental effects is broad and includes issuing

regulations, providing permits for private actions, funding private

actions, making federal land management decisions, constructing

publicly-owned facilities, and many other types of actions. Using the

NEPA process, agencies are required to determine if their proposed

actions have significant environmental effects and to consider the

environmental and related social and economic effects of their

proposed actions.

"NEPA’s procedural requirements apply to a Federal agency’s

decisions for actions, including financing, assisting, conducting, or

approving projects or programs; agency rules, regulations, plans,

policies, or procedures; and legislative proposals.7

"NEPA applies when a Federal agency has discretion to choose among one or more

alternative means of accomplishing a particular goal.8

Frequently, private individuals or companies will become involved

in the NEPA process when they need a permit issued by a Federal

agency. When a company applies for a permit (for example, for

crossing federal lands or impacting waters of the United States) the

agency that is being asked to issue the permit must evaluate the

environmental effects of the permit decision under NEPA. Federal

agencies might require the private company or developer to pay for

the preparation of analyses, but the agency remains responsible for

the scope and accuracy of the analysis."

Dr. Maria-Elena Vorrath

shares disturbing stories of sexual harassment and borderline modern slavery in academia. This episode also concludes discussion of PYMICCS from pt 1.

Maria-Elena Vorrath discusses the Pymiccs project, combining enhanced weathering and biochar https://cdrterra.de/en/consortia/pymiccs

Max Franks explores the link between the price for a carbon tax and the optimal subsidy for CDR. How and why do they differ? https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S009506962200122X

Luke Iseman and Andrew Song from "Make Sunsets" explain why they've launched SAI balloons and sold cooling credits to customers.

After pausing to school @geoengineering1 on the rock cycle in pt1, Ingrid Smet from Fieldcode finally gets chance to describe her cotton field trials of enhanced weathering in Greece. https://www.carbon-drawdown.de/blog/2022-11-17-carbon-negativeclimate-positive-cotton-preliminary-results-of-the-very-first-enhanced-weathering-field-experiment-in-greece-in-2021 useful links:

Fieldcode Climate Positivity efforts: https://fieldcode.com/en/why-us/climate-positivity

Why is Fieldcode setting up their own CDR project and how else do they contribute to CDR?

2021 Enhanced Weathering in Greece report: https://fieldcode.com/olivine_project_report/olivine_project_2021-progress_report.pdf

Literally each and every detail on the setup of Greece’s first EW field experiment, including all scientific data gathered in 2021 – starting off with a general introduction to Enhanced Weathering and research done so far

Project Carbdown general blog page: https://www.carbon-drawdown.de/blog

Short, informative, well explained blog posts about everything we learned and realised with regards to all aspects of EW since the start of Project Carbdown,

For example:

· Recent blog about the 1200 ton basalt to spread in 2023 with credits at 230 EUR/ton CO2: https://www.carbon-drawdown.de/blog/2022-12-14-how-cdr-with-rock-weathering-can-be-done-practically-and-profitably-part-1

Ingrid Smet brings @geoengineering1 up to speed on the chemical and geological processes behind enhanced weathering for carbon dioxide removal. Check pt2 for details of her experiment.

Robert Höglund argues that companies with low CO2 emissions should pay for high quality CDR. @geoengineering1 pushes back, on what amounts to a licence to pollute for dirty industries. Report: bridging the ambition gap https://carbongap.org/report-bridging-the-ambition-gap-a-framework-for-scaling-corporate-funds-for-carbon-removal-and-wider-climate-action/

Do CDR models serve to entrench existing societal injustices, or challenge them? Simon Hollnaicher tries to explain the answer to @geoengineering1, who interrupts more often than a BBC Radio 4 news presenter. Paper: Hollnaicher, S. (2022). On economic modeling of carbon dioxide removal: Values, bias, and norms for good policy-advising modeling. Global Sustainability, 5, E18. doi:10.1017/sus.2022.16