In part two of "The Bloody Birth of the Arabs", we explore how the violence of 1860 gave voice to a new message:

"Hob al watan min al iman." Love of your nation is part of your faith.

This episode is a deep dive into the local and foreign attempts to reach the children of Palestine (and beyond) using European colonialism's most successful institution; the modern school.

In classrooms inside and outside of Palestine, local visionaries, Christian missionaries, and the Ottoman state found themselves competing for the hearts and minds of children, giving rise to the political movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

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