They hunt in packs, often fuelled by alcohol, cocaine and other drugs. Though some are old enough to be fathers and even grandfathers, they're hooked on violence and confrontation, and the well out-of-date idea that by fighting with opposition fans, they're showing support for their club.

Though their numbers have decreased as technology has progressed and the football culture changed, these people are still around. And as we saw at the Euro 2020 Final in London, sometimes you don't need to be actively looking for violence at football to find it.

Where last week was celebrating the passion of football fans, this week we're taking a look at the dark side of fandom: football hooligans.

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フーリガンというは集団は群れをなして行動し、しばしばアルコールやコカインなど薬物との結びつきが強く、その集団の中には中年にあたる年齢層の人もいます。暴力や対立することに夢中になり、相手ファンと争うことで自分のクラブを支持していることになるという時代遅れの考えを持っていることもあります。

サッカー文化の変化に伴いその数は減少しましたが、いまだに存在しておりロンドンで開催されたEuro 2020の決勝戦でも見られたように、残念ながらサッカーの世界において暴力が目につくことがしばしばあります。

先週の放送ではサッカーファンの情熱を紹介してきましたが、今週はサッカーファンのダークサイドであるフーリガンのお話です。

If you ever need proof that football is not an entertainment business, you only have to consider one thing: chants.

In an entertainment business, the people respond to the quality of what they have paid to see. Gigs, plays, comedy shows, films, exhibitions, immersive theatre, whatever: if it’s good, people will like it and react accordingly. If it’s bad, likewise.

Football isn’t like that, because when crowds are allowed into football grounds, they will respond, among other ways, by chanting and singing regardless of how good the game is. They will scream and shout and curse and express their displeasure, but fans will always sing and chant.

Every club has chants. From the smallest non-League team to the European champions: they might not be unique, they might not be clever, they might not be particularly tuneful, but everyone sings. It’s one of the things that binds everyone together.

サッカーがただのビジネスではないことを証明するためには、ファンたちの応援歌（＝チャント）について考えてみるのがよいかもしれません。エンターテインメント・ビジネスの世界では、人々はお金を払って見に来たものの質に対価を払います。ライブ、演劇、コメディーショー、映画、展覧会、劇場など、良いものであれば人々はそれを気に入り反応します。その逆も然りです。

しかしながら、サッカーファンは少し異なるかもしれません。ゲームの出来に関わらず、彼らはプレーに反応し、チャントをし続けます。時に、叫び声を上げたり、罵声を浴びせたりと不快感を表しますが、毎回必ず歌い、チャントします。

どのクラブにもチャントがあります。アマチュアクラブからヨーロッパのチャンピオンクラブまでチャントは存在しています。時として、ユニークではないかもしれないし、賢くはない歌かもしれないし、特別な曲ではないかもしれませんが、皆が歌いあげています。チャントは観客を結びつけるもののひとつです。

This month marked 35 years since Sir Alex Ferguson was appointed as Manchester United manager, on the 6th of November 1986.

It was one of the most inspired appointments in the history of football, and changed Manchester United and English football in ways that not many other people could claim.

To recap all of those trophies he won at Manchester United:

• 5 FA Cups
• 4 League Cups
• 10 Charity / Community Shields
• 1 European Cup Winners Cup
• 1 European Super Cup
• 2 Champions League Titles
• 1 Intercontinental Cup
• 1 FIFA Club World Cup
• 13 Premier League Titles

There is simply no doubt, he is one of, if not THE best, managers of all time. Sir Alex Ferguson.

Adelaide United player Josh Cavallo has come out as gay, becoming the only current top-flight male professional footballer in the world to do so.

The 21-year-old wrote on social media that he was "ready to speak about something personal that I'm finally comfortable to talk about in my life".

"I'm a footballer and I'm gay," the midfielder said in an accompanying video.

"All I want to do is play football and be treated equally."

An Australian own-goal kept Japan in the race for an automatic spot in next year's World Cup.

Australia defender Aziz Behich put the ball into his own net in the 85th minute Tuesday to give Japan a 2-1 victory and six points from four matches in Group B, three points behind the Aussies and six behind Saudi Arabia.

Goalkeeper Mat Ryan tipped a shot from Takuma Asano and the ball bounced off the post and then ricocheted off Behich and into the net, ending Australia's run of 11 consecutive wins in World Cup qualifying games.

"We kept fighting until the end and never gave up," Japan coach Hajime Moriyasu said. "We showed our determination to get to the World Cup."

単純なように見えるPKには、多くの意味が含まれています。試合中に与られるPK、延長戦のあとのPK戦。GK対キッカーの対決は、心理戦、試合結果を左右する瞬間、トーナメントの雰囲気で勝負が左右します。スタジアムやテレビで見ている観客の存在も大きく影響を与えるでしょう。試合中、レフリーが笛を吹いてペナルティが蹴られるまで、1分ほどの時間に多くのことが起こるのも事実です。

For something that seems so simple, there's actually a lot to penalties. There's of course a penalty in a match and there are penalty shootouts. There's the relationship of the player vs the goalkeeper. The psychology of the goal, the match result, the tournament. There's the crowd watching in the stadium and on TV. A penalty might last only a minute from when the referee awards the foul, but SO MUCH happens in that time.