Introduction
Exodus 12:12The plagues were specifically directed against the gods of Egypt, to show God’s power over them.Moses and the Gods of Egypt by John J. DavisThe Egyptians had somewhere around 80 gods. Pharaoh himself was considered deity.Exodus 7:5 – It was important that the Egyptians would know about God and not just Israel.Exodus 8:19; 9:20; 18:11Numbers 33:4 – God had executed judgment on the Egyptian gods.The ten plagues
1st plague – water to blood
Exodus 7:17Egyptian gods:Hapi – god of fertilityKhnum – guardian of the Nile sourcesOsiris – god of the underworldHymn to the Nile2nd plague – frogs
Exodus 8:3Egyptian gods:Frogs themselves were deified.Heqt – frog-headed goddess3rd plague – gnats (lice)
Exodus 8:16-18Egyptian gods:Set – god of the desertPriests – physical purity ruined4th plague – flies
Egyptian gods:Uatchit – associated with one type of fly5th plague – death of livestock
Egyptian gods:Cows were sacredHathor – goddess represented by cowApis bull – sacred bull – god PtahMnevis – sacred bull – god Ra6th plague – boils
Exodus 9:8-12Egyptian gods:Sekhmet – goddess of epidemicsSunuSerapisImhotep7th plague – hail with fire
Exodus 9:24Egyptian gods:Nut and Hathor8th plague – locusts
Exodus 10:15Egyptian gods:Isis and Seth – gods of crops9th plague – darkness
Exodus 10:22Egyptian gods:Ra – god of sun, king of godsHorus – another important sun godAten – the deified sun discAtum – god of the setting sunNut and Hathor – goddesses of the skyThoth – god of the moonA universalist hymn to the sun10th plague – death of firstborn (people and cattle)
Exodus 12:29-32Egyptian gods:Pharaoh – son of RaPharaoh’s son – born of the godsAnubisMin – god of procreationIsisHathorApis bull – sacred, firstborn animalApplication
Do I give God the honor He deserves?
Exodus 20:1-6God must be my priority!Do I truly repent, or fake it?
Exodus 8:8, 13-15Six times Pharaoh quickly turned back to his ways when the immediate panic was over.Do I forget God when times are good?Have I accepted the salvation God offers?
Exodus 8:22-23; 12:7, 12-13; I Corinthians 5:7; Romans 5:8-9