Strange Country

Arrgghh. It's time me maties to talk about the poop deck or the cockswain...wow could these words be more loaded? Anyone in episode 69--ha! 69!--Kelly and Beth tackle the seven seas and share a story of fair, or more appropriate fearsome pirate by the name of Anne Bonny who chose a life of crime.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources:

Cordingly, David. Pirate Hunter of the Carribean. Random House Publishing Group, 2011. Ebook.

Norton, Rick. Gay History and Literature. Lesbian Pirates: Anne Bonny and Mary Read http://rictornorton.co.uk/pirates.htm. Accessed Nov. 24, 2018.

Tucker, Philip Thomas. Anne Bonny, The infamous Female Pirate.

Woodard, Colin. More Than a Pirate, a Rebel With a Democratic Spirit

Opinion. New York Times. Nov. 22, 2018 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/22/opinion/blackbeard-pirate-golden-age-.html

Woodard, Colin. Republic of Pirates Website http://www.republicofpirates.net/Bonny.html, accessed Nov. 24, 2018.

Yolen, Jane. Bad Girls; sirens, jezebels, murderesses, thieves and other Female Villians. Watertown, MA : Charlesbridge, c2013.

For five days in late October 1948, a toxic smog encased the town of Donora Pa, sickening nearly half the population and killing around 20 people. The industrial mill complex that, for years, belched toxic smoke into the air, claimed it was an act of God. Strange Country co-hosts Beth and Kelly examine the worst air pollution crisis to hit the United States and recognize the current assault on clear air today.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources:

Baranauskas, Liam. "The Historically Hazy Story of Donora's Deadly Smog." Atlas Obscura, Atlas Obscura, 29 Nov. 2017, www.atlasobscura.com/articles/donora-smog-1948.

Boissoneault, Lorraine. "The Deadly Donora Smog of 1948 Spurred Environmental Protection-But Have We Forgotten the Lesson?" Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 26 Oct. 2018, www.smithsonianmag.com/history/deadly-donora-smog-1948-spurred-environmental-protection-have-we-forgotten-lesson-180970533/.

Brown, Matthew. "Trump Rolls Back Pollution Rules for Drilling on U.S. Lands." Billings Gazette, 18 Sept. 2018, billingsgazette.com/news/government-and-politics/trump-rolls-back-pollution-rules-for-drilling-on-u-s/article_e2137294-a8ab-564e-a103-edb761904145.html.

Charlton, Brian. "Donora 1948 Air Quality Crisis." American History TV. The Donora Smog Disaster, 3 Nov. 2018, Pittsburgh, www.c-span.org/video/?321395-1/discussion-1948-donora-air-quality-crisis.

Davis, Devra Lee. When Smoke Ran like Water: Tales of Environmental Deception and the Battle against Pollution. Basic Books, 2004.

"Donora Historical Society and Smog Museum." Google Sites, www.sites.google.com/site/donorahistoricalsociety/.

"EDITORIAL: Affordable Clean Energy Rule Isn't Clean at All." Observer-Reporter, 26 Aug. 2018, observer-reporter.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-affordable-clean-energy-rule-isn-t-clean-at-all/article_8e5d0660-a555-11e8-8249-eb5c4d0ddb7f.html.

Friedman, Lisa. "Cost of New E.P.A. Coal Rules: Up to 1,400 More Deaths a Year." The New York Times, 21 Aug. 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/08/21/climate/epa-coal-pollution-deaths.html.

Hamill, Sean. "Unveiling a Museum, a Pennsylvania Town Remembers a Smog That Killed 20." The New York Times, 1 Nov. 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/us/02smog.html.

Roueche, Barton. "The Fog." The New Yorker, 30 Sept. 1950, p. 33, www.newyorker.com/magazine/1950/09/30/the-fog.

Viola Drath and Albrecht Muth's union was labeled "The Worst Marriage in Georgetown" in a NYT magazine article, written a a year after Drath's lifeless body was found by Muth on their bathroom floor. At first Drath's death wasn't considered suspicious. She was 91 after all, soon the house of cards Muth so carefully constructed came crashing down. Strange Country co-hosts Beth and Kelly explore this unlikely couple and muse abut the nature of identity.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources:

Alexander, Keith L. "Albrecht Muth, 49, Convicted of Murder in Death of Socialite Wife Viola Drath, 91." The Washington Post, 16 Jan. 2014, 2014/01/16/5a942d9e-7ecd-11e3-93c1-0e888170b723_story.html?utm_term=.47bbb1f5750c.

Alexander, Keith L. "Albrecht Muth Hospitalized, in Critical Condition, Following Hunger Strike." The Washington Post, 1 Feb. 2013, www.washingtonpost.com/local/albrecht-muth-hospitalized-in-critical-condition-following-hunger-strike/2013/02/01/02e06610-6cbf-11e2-ada0-5ca5fa7ebe79_story.html?utm_term=.0a5280d91e5e.

Alexander, Keith L. "Albrecht Muth Ordered Held in Wife's Death after Bombing Allegations Surface." The Washington Post, 9 Sept. 2011, www.washingtonpost.com/local/albrecht-muth-ordered-held-in-wifes-death-after-bombing-allegations-surface/2011/09/09/gIQAfdR3FK_story.html?utm_term=.23362d1c1520.

Alexander, Keith L. "Albrecht Muth Resumes Eating, Returned to Jail." The Washington Post, 7 May 2013, www.washingtonpost.com/local/albrecht-muth-resumes-eating-returned-to-jail/2013/05/07/29f02e64-b749-11e2-b94c-b684dda07add_story.html?utm_term=.fad3b425e185.

Alexander, Keith L. "Albrecht Muth Sentenced to 50 Years in 2011 Slaying of His Socialite Wife, Viola Drath." The Washington Post, 30 Apr. 2014, www.washingtonpost.com/local/crime/albrecht-muth-sentence-to-50-years-in-2011-slaying-of-georgetown-wife-viola-drath/2014/04/30/2c358b1e-d06c-11e3-b812-0c92213941f4_story.html?utm_term=.225ce54f0902.

Alexander, Keith L. "Albrecht Muth, Weak from Hunger Strike, Is Ruled Competent for Murder Trial." The Washington Post, 5 Sept. 2012, www.washingtonpost.com/local/crime/albrecht-muth-weak-from-hunger-strike-is-ruled-competent-for-murder-trial/2012/09/05/8c8af5a8-f774-11e1-8b93-c4f4ab1c8d13_story.html?utm_term=.0dd0d15df421.

Alexander, Keith L. "Trial of Albrecht Muth, Accused of Killing Georgetown Socialite Wife Drath, Set to Start." The Washington Post, 5 Jan. 2014, www.washingtonpost.com/local/crime/trial-of-albrecht-muth-accused-of-killing-georgetown-socialite-wife-drath-set-to-start/2014/01/05/88e0ed40-7496-11e3-8b3f-b1666705ca3b_story.html?utm_term=.0dd3ce348f91.

Amico, Laura. "Albrecht Muth Charging Documents." DocumentCloud, www.documentcloud.org/documents/232961-muth.html.

Basaraba, Sharon, and Richard N. Fogoros. "Reasons Why Elderly People May Fall." Verywell Health, 21 Aug. 2018, www.verywellhealth.com/why-do-older-people-fall-2224159.

D.C., Homicide Watch. "At Trial, Drath's Daughter Says Muth Pressured Mother for Money." Homicide Watch DC, homicidewatch.org/2014/01/13/at-trial-daughter-says-muth-pressured-drath-for-money/.

Donnelly, Grace. "Here's Why Life Expectancy in the U.S. Dropped Again This Year." Fortune, 9 Feb. 2018, fortune.com/2018/02/09/us-life-expectancy-dropped-again/.

Foer, Franklin. "The Worst Marriage in Georgetown." The New York Times Magazine, 6 July 2012, www.nytimes.com/2012/07/08/magazine/albrecht-muth-and-viola-drath-georgetowns-worst-marriage.html.

Joynt, Carol. "Washington Social Diary." New York Social Diary, 17 Aug. 2011, www.newyorksocialdiary.com/across-the-nationacross-the-world/2011/washington-social-diary-31.

Joynt, Carol. "Washington Social Diary: It's a Horror Story." New York Social Diary, 11 May 2015, www.newyorksocialdiary.com/across-the-nationacross-the-world/2015/washington-social-diary-its-a-horror-story.

Martin, Adam. "The Odd Behavior of a Husband Arrested for a D.C. Socialite's Murder." The Atlantic, 17 Aug. 2011, www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2011/08/unfortunate-behavior-husband-arrested-dc-socialites-murder/354256/.

McElwaine, Sandra. "Socialite Murder: Viola Drath and Albrecht Muth's Tumultuous Marriage." The Daily Beast, The Daily Beast Company, 8 Sept. 2011, www.thedailybeast.com/socialite-murder-viola-drath-and-albrecht-muths-tumultuous-marriage.

Stanley-Becker, Issac. "A 69-Year-Old Man Asks to Be Declared 49, Claiming Age Is as Fluid as Gender." The Washington Post, 8 Nov. 2018, www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2018/11/08/year-old-man-asks-be-declared-claiming-age-is-fluid-gender/?utm_term=.8376fa922826.

White, Josh. "Profile of Dead Washington Socialite Viola Drath." The Washington Post, 1 Jan. 2012, www.washingtonpost.com/local/profile-of-dead-washington-socialite-viola-drath/2011/12/06/gIQAmYQrUP_story.html?utm_term=.ab3d57ea969c.

White, Josh, and Alison Klein. "Viola Drath, Slain Georgetown Woman, Had Sought Protection from Husband, Documents Show." The Washington Post, 15 Aug. 2011, www.washingtonpost.com/local/viola-drath-slain-georgetown-woman-had-sought-protection-from-husband-documents-show/2011/08/15/gIQAEb16HJ_story.html?utm_term=.2943ee4274da.

White, Josh, et al. "Viola Drath's Husband Forged Inheritance Document, Court Papers Say." The Washington Post, 17 Aug. 2011, www.washingtonpost.com/local/viola-draths-husband-forged-inheritance-document-court-papers-say/2011/08/17/gIQAS11KMJ_story.html?utm_term=.ff4815047b84.

White, Josh, et al. "Viola Drath's Husband, Muth, Charged with Second-Degree Murder in Her Killing." The Washington Post, 16 Aug. 2011, www.washingtonpost.com/local/viola-draths-husband-muth-charged-with-second-degree-murder-in-her-killing/2011/08/16/gIQAJn3HKJ_story.html?utm_term=.df7adf323b08.

Williams, Clarence, and Jenna Johnson. "Viola Drath's Death Investigated as a Homicide." The Washington Post, 14 Aug. 2011, www.washingtonpost.com/local/viola-draths-death-investigated-as-homicide/2011/08/14/gIQAFoCcFJ_story.html?utm_term=.6112ab0a330b.

Lydia Pinkham was one of the most recognizable women of the 1800's. Her visage peered from the boxes of Vegetable Compound she created to cure female troubles. She was also one of the first women to experience the trolling of men who took great pains to criticize her hair, her smile, her existence. Strange Country co-hosts Beth and Kelly discuss patent medicines, advertising's impact on women's roles and the joys of premenopausal life.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources:

Barnes-Brus, Tori. "Advertising Motherhood with Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Company." Radcliffe Institute of Advanced Learning, Harvard University, 18 Sept. 2014, www.radcliffe.harvard.edu/schlesinger-library/blog/advertising-motherhood-lydia-e-pinkham-medicine-company. Accessed 24 Oct. 2018

Barry, Rebecca Rego. "Was Lydia E. Pinkham the Queen of Quackery?" JSTOR Daily, 22 Nov. 2017, daily.jstor.org/was-lydia-e-pinkham-the-queen-of-quackery/.

Danna, Sammy R. Lydia Pinkham: The Face That Launched a Thousand Ads. Rowman & Littlefield, 2015. Google Books, books.google.com/ books?id=eOg1CgAAQBAJ&dq=Lydia+Pinkham:+The+Face+That+Launched+a+Thousand+Ads&source=gbs_navlinks_s.

Fulton, R.E. "'I Would Just Want To Fly': Lydia Pinkham, Women's Medicine, and Social Networks." Nursing Clio, 15 July 2015, nursingclio.org/2015/07/15/i-would-just-want-to-fly/.

Giaimo, Cara. "The First Woman to Put Her Face on Packaging Got Trolled Like Crazy." Atlas Obscura, Atlas Obscura, 22 Feb. 2017, www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-first-woman-to-put-her-face-on-packaging-got-trolled-like-crazy.

Horwitz, Rainey. "The Embryo Project Encyclopedia." Lydia Pinkham's Vegetable Compound (1873-1906) | The Embryo Project Encyclopedia, 20 May 2017, embryo.asu.edu/pages/lydia-pinkhams-vegetable-compound-1873-1906.

Kang, Lydia, and Nate Pedersen. Quackery: a brief history of the worst ways to cure everything. Workman Publishing, 2017.

Lewis, Jone Johnson. "Lydia Pinkham: Famous for Her Patent Medicine and Its Marketing." ThoughtCo, 1 May 2017, www.thoughtco.com/lydia-pinkham-biography-3529532.

"Life Root Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database." Drugs.com, Drugs.com, www.drugs.com/npp/life-root.html.

MacPhee, Katrin. "Lydia E. Pinkham: Life and Legacy." Museum of Health Care Blog, 9 June 2014, museumofhealthcare.wordpress.com/2014/06/19/lydia-e-pinkham-life-and-legacy/.

"Office of Dietary Supplements - Black Cohosh." NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 30 Aug. 2018, ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/BlackCohosh-HealthProfessional/.

"Quack Cures and Self-Remedies: Patent Medicine." Women's Health and Household Hints | DPLA, dp.la/exhibitions/patent-medicine/women-health-household-hints/.

Shields, Jesslyn. "Unicorn Root Resurrects Itself After 130 Years." HowStuffWorks Science, HowStuffWorks, 30 Aug. 2018, science.howstuffworks.com/life/botany/unicorn-root-comes-back-after-130-years.htm.

Wu, Brianna. "Rape and Death Threats Are Terrorizing Female Gamers. Why Haven't Men in Tech Spoken out?" The Washington Post, 20 Oct. 2014, www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2014/10/20/rape-and-death-threats-are-terrorizing-female-gamers-why-havent-men-in-tech-spoken-out/?utm_term=.568a578d0169.

Would you like some gravestones with your potato salad? In the late 19th century, many people did opting, to picnic in the cemetery at the foot of a loved one's gravesite. Unlike today, America did not have many parks designed for recreational purposes so cemeteries were the thing. Strange Country co-hosts Kelly and Beth explore the past's connection to death and talk about general connections we try to make with one another.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources.

Best Bibliography ever… no.

http://www.sonorannews.com/archives/2012/120704/frontpage-cemetary.html

https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2011/03/our-first-public-parks-the-forgotten-history-of-cemeteries/71818/

https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/picnic-in-cemeteries-americaEggener, Kieth. Cemeteries

https://www.deathletterprojects.com/

http://twistedfood.co.uk/this-is-why-americans-used-to-picnic-in-cemeteries/

https://www.newyorkupstate.com/things-to-do/2016/04/cemeteries_upstate_ny_to_have_a_picnic.html

The Lutz family spent 28 days at 112 Ocean Drive before fleeing in terror. Was it evil spirits or a money-making opportunity? Strange Country co-hosts Beth and Kelly get in the Halloween spirit by discussing two famous haunted houses--Amityville and the Phelps mansion. This episode will definitely leave you asking: Do you smell what I'm cooking?

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources:

Benedici, Ray. "Phelps Mansion, Stratford." Damned Connecticut, www.damnedct.com/phelps-mansion-stratford/.

"FACT CHECK: The Amityville Horror." Snopes.com, www.snopes.com/fact-check/the-amityville-horror/.

Farrands, Daniel, director. Amityville: The Haunting. Amityville: The Haunting, The History Channel, 2000, www.youtube.com/watch?v=wd9Z3hGNJDw.

Lidz, Franz. "Long Island Landmark: Scary Since 1974." The New York Times, 8 Mar. 2013, www.nytimes.com/2013/03/10/movies/my-amityville-horror-a-haunting-documentary.html.

Nickell, Joe. "Amityville: The Horror of It All." CSI, 2003, www.csicop.org/si/show/amityville_the_horror_of_it_all.

"Ronald DeFeo." Biography.com, A&E Networks Television, 24 Sept. 2015, www.biography.com/people/ronald-defeo-580972.

Schemo, Diana Jean. "'Amityville' Prisoner Says Movie Money Tainted Defense." The New York Times, 25 Jan. 1992, pp. 6–6, www.nytimes.com/1992/06/25/nyregion/amityville-prisoner-says-movie-money-tainted-defense.html.

Smith, Jennifer. "Ex-Resident of House Debunks Much of Amityville 'Horrors'." The Seattle Times, 8 May 2005, www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/ex-resident-of-house-debunks-much-of-amityville-horror/.

Taylor, Troy. "THE STRATFORD POLTERGEIST." THE AXEMAN COMETH: MYSTERIOUS MURDERS IN NEW ORLEANS, www.prairieghosts.com/stratford.html.

Vangelder, Lawrence. "Interview: A Real Life Horror Story." The New York Times, 9 Oct. 1977, pp. 2–2, www.nytimes.com/1977/10/09/archives/long-island-weekly-interview-a-reallife-horror-story.html.

Walter, Eric, director. My Amityville Horror. Lost Witness Pictures, 2012, www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00BUJ5YHO?pf_rd_p=d1f45e03-8b73-4c9a-9beb-4819111bef9a&pf_rd_r=99WF5F5GRCYZW90R49JE.

Those considered insane, poor, sick, and criminal were committed to Blackwell Island. It was designed to help, to be a safe haven, but became a nightmare. Strange Country co-hosts Kelly and Beth dive into the conditions at Blackwell and talk about gratitude. While things are bleak now at least we don't have to bathe in other people's syphilis sores.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources:

https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/lunacy-and-mad-doctors/201304/gaslight-stories-the-mania-monomania

http://www.asylumprojects.org/index.php/Blackwell%27s_Island_Asylum

Horn, Stacy. Damnation Island

https://www.octagonnyc.com/

Marshall Herff Applewhite and Bonnie Lu Nettles believed they were heavenly messengers sent from outer space to Earth to recruit humans and help them reach the next Evolutionary Level. For two decades, a handful of converts followed the teachings and worked on shedding their humannesses until they eventually shed their "containers" in a mass suicide in March 1997.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources

"'95 Statement by an E.T. Presently Incarnate." Heaven's Gate - How and When It May Be Entered, www.heavensgate.com/misc/95upd96.htm.

Feinberg, Ashley. "The Online Legacy of a Suicide Cult and the Webmasters Who Stayed Behind." Gizmodo, Gizmodo.com, 5 Jan. 2015, gizmodo.com/the-online-legacy-of-a-suicide-cult-and-the-webmasters-1617403237.

Fisher, Marc, and Sue Ann Pressley. "Crisis of Sexuality Launched Strange Journey." The Washington Post, 29 Mar. 1997, www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1997/03/29/crisis-of-sexuality-launched-strange-journey/3709d9ff-51ee-4f50-a9cd-a45525d7ad8f/?utm_term=.29280808a359.

Genoni, Thomas G. "Art Bell, Heaven's Gate, and Journalistic Integrity." CSI, 1997, www.csicop.org/si/show/art_bell_heavenrsquos_gate_and_journalistic_integrity.

Hafford, Michael. "Heaven's Gate 20 Years Later: 10 Things You Didn't Know." Rolling Stone, 24 Mar. 2017, www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/heavens-gate-20-years-later-10-things-you-didnt-know-114563/.

"Inside Story: Heaven's Gate Cult." BBC One, BBC, 6 Aug. 1997, www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00h1nt7.

Myers, Sergio, director. Heaven's Gate: The Untold Story. UFOTV, www.amazon.com/Heavens-Gate-Untold-Marshall-Applewhite/dp/B071XNRVKW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1534795461&sr=8-1&keywords=heaven's gate the untold story.

Phelan, James S. "Looking for: The Next World." The New York Times Magazine, 29 Feb. 1976, archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/national/mag.html.

Purdum, Todd S. "Former Heaven's Gate Member Commits Suicide." The New York Times, 7 May 1997, archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/national/050797heavens-gate.html.

Rainey, James. "The Cult in Hindsight : Diamond Bar Woman Recalls Group's Beginning and the Unease That Turned Into a Crusade Against It." Los Angeles Times, 30 Mar. 1997, articles.latimes.com/1997-03-30/news/mn-43687_1_diamond-bar.

Steinberg, Jacques. "From Religious Childhood to Reins of a U.F.O. Cult." The New York Times, 29 Mar. 1997, www.nytimes.com/1997/03/29/us/from-religious-childhood-to-reins-of-a-ufo-cult.html.

"Suicide Cult's Possessions Auctioned Off." The New York Times, 22 Nov. 1999, www.nytimes.com/1999/11/22/us/suicide-cult-s-possessions-auctioned-off.html.

Zeller, Benjamin E. "Anatomy of a Mass Suicide: The Dark, Twisted Story behind a UFO Death Cult." Salon, Salon.com, 15 Nov. 2014, www.salon.com/2014/11/15/anatomy_of_a_mass_suicide_the_dark_twisted_story_behind_a_ufo_death_cult/.

Zeller, Benjamin E. Heaven's Gate: America's UFO Religion. NYU Press, 2014.

Strange Country's second-ever live show features Mormon founder Joseph Smith and his seer stone and many wives. Learn about Missouri's hidden secret and Smith's last moments before being murdered by an angry mob. Thanks to Auburn Public Theater for hosting us.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources

Green, Emma. "Mormons Once Aspired to Be a 'White and Delightsome' People." The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 19 Sept. 2017, www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/09/mormons-race-max-perry-mueller/539994/.

Krakauer, Jon. Under the Banner of Heaven: a Story of Violent Faith. Pan Books, 2011.

Maza, Cristina. "Mormons Are Baptizing the Kardashians and Holocaust Victims after They Die." Newsweek, 22 Dec. 2017, www.newsweek.com/mormons-baptizing-holocaust-victims-kardashians-joe-biden-marilyn-monroe-death-756702.

"Smithsonian Statement Regarding The Book of Mormon." Brigham Young's Wives and His Divorce From Ann Eliza Webb, www.utlm.org/onlineresources/smithsonianletter2.htm.

Turner, John G. "Why Race Is Still a Problem for Mormons." The New York Times, 18 Aug. 2012, www.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/opinion/sunday/racism-and-the-mormon-church.html.

"What Does It Really Mean to Be a 'White and Delightsome' People?" LDS Living, 17 June 2016, www.ldsliving.com/What-Does-It-Really-Mean-to-Be-a-White-and-Delightsome-People/s/81621.

Whitney, Helen, director. The Mormons. The Mormons, Frontline and PBS, www.pbs.org/video/frontline-the-mormons-part-one/.

Edmund Creffield was the second coming of Christ or at least that's what he told his followers in 1903. He would whip them into such a frenzy that they would roll for hours on the floor. They left their families. They burned their furniture. They annoyed their neighbors. What was Creffield's draw? Strange Country co-hosts Beth and Kelly explore this odd cult from the west coast.

Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands.

Cite your sources.

McCracken, Theresa. "Edmund Creffield and the Brides of Christ Church." The Oregon Encyclopedia, 17 Mar. 2018, oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/creffield_edmund_and_the_brides_of_christ_church/#.W3HnqJNKhmA.

McCracken, T., and Robert B. Blodgett. Holy Rollers: Murder and Madness in Oregon's Love Cult. BookBaby, 2013.

"Salvation Army Founded." History.com, A&E Television Networks, www.history.com/this-day-in-history/salvation-army-founded.