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摩洛哥將採用以色列的貓頭鷹生物滅絕方法
在農業中使用貓頭鷹作為生物滅蟲劑可以減少有毒化學品的使用。
通過耶路撒冷郵報STAFF
2021 年 9 月 28 日 13:04
貓頭鷹在農業中被用作生物滅蟲劑
（圖片來源：雷切爾·阿洛尼）
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摩洛哥將加入以色列、塞浦路斯、希臘、約旦和巴勒斯坦權力機構的成功案例，為貓頭鷹安裝築巢箱，這將能夠在農業中進行生物滅絕，而不會使用對人和環境有害的有毒化學品。
發起該倡議的 Yossi Leshem 教授是以色列自然保護協會的成員、特拉維夫大學的鳥類學家和動物學教授。
Leshem 說，幾年前，他在 Mashav（國際合作中心）的一個研討會上遇到了生態學家和鳥類研究員 Imad Chirkawi 教授。在這次會議上，Leshem 表示有興趣在摩洛哥和阿爾及爾和突尼斯等其他馬格里布國家領導該倡議。
在以色列和摩洛哥於 12 月建立外交關係後，這種關係得到了加強，下週，Leshem 將在迪拜世博會上與他的巴勒斯坦和瑞士合作夥伴會面，討論將該項目帶到摩洛哥的操作計劃。
“我們看到貓頭鷹正在取代鴿子成為和平的先驅，並再次證明鳥類沒有地理邊界，”教授說。“我很高興看到願景正在形成。我希望作為迪拜會議的結果，希望使用環保農業並學習以色列過去 35 年來開發的方法的阿聯酋酋長國也將加入該倡議。
Imad Chirkawi 教授和一隻貓頭鷹（圖片來源：對方提供）
2008 年，以色列與以色列自然保護協會、特拉維夫大學、農業部、區域合作部和環境保護部合作，開始在農業中使用貓頭鷹和獵鷹作為生物滅蟲劑的國家倡議。其他機構。
到目前為止，已經在戈蘭高地、加利利、呼拉谷、耶斯列谷、拜特謝恩谷、沙龍地區、猶太和南部放置了大約 5,000 個巢箱。
該項目在最大限度地減少以色列農業中有毒化學品的使用方面取得了成功，並有望在未來進一步減少使用。
貓頭鷹的主要食物來源是囓齒動物，根據獵物的大小，貓頭鷹每年捕獲 2,000 至 6,000 只囓齒動物。
Leshem 說：“這些區域越大，連續性越強，貓頭鷹的數量就會越多，而且越一致和健康，這將使該項目取得更大的成功。” “此外，區域合作可以作為約旦人、巴勒斯坦人和以色列人之間的橋樑平台。共同努力將有助於完善該體系，從而有助於發展環境友好型農業。”
Morocco to adopt Israeli method of biological extermination using owls
Using owls as biological exterminators in agriculture reduces the use of poisonous chemicals.
By JERUSALEM POST STAFF
SEPTEMBER 28, 2021 13:04
Owls are being used as biological exterminators in agriculture
(photo credit: Rachel Aloni)
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Joining in on the success of Israel, Cyprus, Greece, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority, Morocco will be installing nesting boxes for owls, which will enable biological extermination in agriculture without the use of poisonous chemicals that are dangerous for people and the environment.
The man who started the initiative, Prof. Yossi Leshem, is a member of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel, an ornithologist and a professor of Zoology at Tel Aviv University.
Leshem said he met Prof. Imad Chirkawi, an ecologist and bird researcher, at a workshop of Mashav (The Center for International Cooperation) a few years ago. At this meeting, Leshem expressed an interest in leading the initiative in Morocco and the other Maghreb countries like Algiers and Tunisia.
This relation was strengthened after Israel and Morocco established diplomatic ties in December, and next week, Leshem will meet with his Palestinian and Swiss partners at the Dubai Expo to discuss the operative plans to bring the project to Morocco.
"We are seeing the owl is replacing the dove as the harbinger of peace and is proving once again that birds do not have geographical borders," the professor said. "I am happy to see that the vision is taking shape. I hope that as a result of the meetings in Dubai, the emirates of the UAE who want to use environmentally friendly agriculture and learn from the methods developed in Israel over the last 35 years will also join the initiative.
Professor Imad Chirkawi with an owl (credit: Courtesy)
The Israeli national initiative of using owls and falcons as biological exterminators in agriculture began to take shape in 2008 in cooperation with the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel, Tel Aviv University, and the ministries of Agriculture, Regional Cooperation and Environmental Protection, among other bodies.
So far, some 5,000 nesting boxes have been placed in the Golan Heights, Galilee, Hula Valley, Jezreel Valley, Beit Shean Valley, the Sharon region, Judea and the South.
The project has been a success in minimizing the use of poisonous chemicals in Israeli agriculture and is expected to reduce it further in the future.
The main food source for owls is rodents, and owls catch between 2,000 and 6,000 rodents every year, depending on the size of the prey.
"The bigger and more sequential the areas are, the bigger the owl population will be and the more consistent and healthy, which will make the project's success greater," Leshem said. "Furthermore, regional cooperation can be used as a bridging platform between the Jordanians, the Palestinians and the Israelis. Common efforts will help improve the system, thus helping to develop environmentally-friendly agriculture."
英國的燃油泵在恐慌性購買中乾涸
燃料卡車司機短缺導致英國各地燃料短缺。
通過路透
2021 年 9 月 28 日 13:09
在英國倫敦南部看到燃料耗盡的 BP 加油站。
（照片來源：TOBY MELVILLE/REUTERS）
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英國司機在周二表示沮喪，因為他們在主要城市的加油站因卡車司機短缺而乾涸後，他們打獵了幾個小時或排著長隊排著隊加油，這促使政府讓軍隊待命。
路透社記者說，儘管數十個前院被關閉，並標有沒有汽油或柴油的標誌，但司機們從仍在主要城市服務的加油站排起長隊。
一個後Brexit貨車司機的短缺，加劇期間COVID lockdowns停止卡車駕駛執照測試，已通過供應鏈播種混亂，提高短缺的幽靈和價格上漲在運行到聖誕節。
商務部長 Kwasi Kwarteng 表示，有限數量的軍用油輪司機已處於準備就緒狀態，以便在必要時部署以運送燃料。
“我簡直不敢相信——這太瘋狂了，”33 歲的送貨司機戴維·斯卡德 (David Scade) 說，他在倫敦開車了幾個小時尋找燃料。
“他們一直說沒有短缺，但我想現在每個人都在恐慌，”正在倫敦殼牌加油站加油的斯卡德說。
Britain's fuel pumps run dry amid panic-buying
A shortage of fuel truck drivers caused a shortage of fuel across Britain.
By REUTERS
SEPTEMBER 28, 2021 13:09
A BP petrol station that has run out of fuel is seen in south London, Britain.
(photo credit: TOBY MELVILLE/REUTERS)
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British drivers expressed frustration on Tuesday as they hunted for hours or sat snarled in queues to fill their tanks after gas stations in major cities ran dry due to a trucker shortage that has prompted the government to put the army on standby.
Queues of drivers snaked back from those petrol stations that were still serving in major cities, though dozens of forecourts were closed with signs saying they had no petrol or diesel, Reuters reporters said.
A post-Brexit shortage of lorry drivers, exacerbated by a halt to truck-driving-licence testing during COVID lockdowns, has sown chaos through supply chains, raising the spectre of shortages and price rises in the run up to Christmas.
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Business Secretary Kwasi Kwarteng said a limited number of military tanker drivers had been put on a state of readiness to be deployed to deliver fuel if necessary.
"I can't believe it - it's crazy," said David Scade, a 33-year-old delivery driver who drove for hours searching for fuel in London.
"They keep saying there is no shortage but I suppose everyone is panicking now," said Scade who was filling up at a Shell gas station in London.
A Shell petrol station that has run out of fuel is seen in Northwich, Britain. (credit: REUTERS/MOLLY DARLINGTON)
Fights broke out at some English petrol stations as drivers jostled for fuel. Medics said health workers should be given priority to fill their cars to keep the health service working.
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An air of chaos has gripped the world's fifth-largest economy in recent weeks as the shortage of truckers strained supply chains and a spike in European wholesale natural gas prices tipped energy companies into bankruptcy.
Retailers, truckers and logistics companies have warned that prices for everything from energy to Christmas gifts will have to rise.
CHRISTMAS SUPPLY?
British ministers, fuel companies and petrol stations say there are sufficient supplies of fuel but that the lack of truckers combined with panic buying has drained the system.
Such is the gravity of the situation that the British Medical Association has called for health workers to get priority access to fuel to ensure the health service can operate.
The demand for fuel has meant that 50% to 90% of pumps were dry in some areas of Britain, according the Petrol Retailers Association (PRA), which represents independent fuel retailers who account for 65% of all the 8,380 UK forecourts.
The government on Sunday announced a plan to issue temporary visas for 5,000 foreign truck drivers. But some Polish hauliers said that offer was laughable and that few would be likely to take it up.
Hauliers, petrol stations and retailers say there are no quick fixes as the shortfall of truck drivers - estimated at about 100,000 - was so acute, and because transporting fuel demands additional training and licensing.
The British Retail Consortium (BRC) urged the government to broaden the size and scope of the scheme to attract the truckers needed to keep Christmas supplies on track.
"To avoid disappointment for millions of households during the festive season we urge the government to rapidly extend this programme, both in size and scope, to HGV drivers in all sectors of the retail industry," Andrew Opie, director of food and sustainability at the BRC, said.
"It will take many months before there are enough new British drivers to cover the shortfall," Opie said.
約旦將全面重新開放與敘利亞的主要過境點
儘管自 2018 年敘利亞政府從敘利亞南部驅趕叛亂分子後，賈比爾過境點已經開放，但貿易尚未恢復到戰前 10 億美元的水平。
通過路透
2021 年 9 月 27 日 20:58
約旦警察在約旦馬弗拉克附近敘利亞納西布檢查站附近的約旦賈比爾過境點檢查汽車
（照片來源：穆罕默德·哈梅德/路透社）
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政府和行業官員表示，約旦將從周三起全面重新開放其與敘利亞的主要過境點，因為一支敘利亞高級團隊抵達安曼，討論如何緩解受大流行和十年沖突影響的貨物流動。
儘管自 2018 年敘利亞政府從敘利亞南部驅趕叛亂分子後，賈比爾過境點已經開放，但貿易尚未恢復到戰前 10 億美元的水平。
官員告訴路透社，大流行導致採取措施試圖遏制冠狀病毒的傳播，這些限制將從周三開始取消。
他們說，由經濟、貿易、農業、水電部長率領的敘利亞貿易代表團也將討論取消關稅壁壘。
約旦商會副會長賈馬爾·里法埃告訴路透社：“我們希望這些舉措將恢復衝突前先前的貿易往來，並重振利潤豐厚的過境貿易。”
2018 年 7 月 7 日，敘利亞士兵站在敘利亞德拉與約旦的 Nasib 過境點。（圖片來源：REUTERS/OMAR SANADIKI）
內政部長馬贊法拉亞表示，大馬士革一直在推動的對敘利亞過境貨物通過約旦運往海灣市場和伊拉克的限制也將取消。
Faraya 告訴約旦的 Al-Mamlaka 公共廣播公司，從海灣過境的貨物也將被允許從約旦到敘利亞以及不受限制的客運。
在敘利亞衝突之前，Nasib-Jaber 過境點是每天數百輛卡車在歐洲與土耳其和海灣之間運輸貨物的過境路線。
在 2019 年凱撒法案頒布後，約旦商人基本上避免與敘利亞打交道——這是美國迄今為止最嚴厲的製裁，禁止外國公司與大馬士革進行交易。
部分由於大流行導致經濟放緩，約旦商人遊說政府要求華盛頓放寬對從敘利亞進口需要批准的物品的限制，敘利亞的貿易商長期以來一直有密切的合作夥伴關係。
敘利亞唯一正常運作的邊境過境點是與黎巴嫩以及近年來在 2019 年重新開放 Qaim 過境點後的伊拉克。
Jordan to fully reopen main crossing with Syria
Although the Jaber crossing has been open since 2018 after the Syrian government drove rebels from southern Syria, trade has yet to recover to the $1 billion pre-war level.
By REUTERS
SEPTEMBER 27, 2021 20:58
Jordanian police officers check the cars at Jordan's Jaber border crossin, near Syria's Nassib checkpoint, near Mafraq, Jordan
(photo credit: MUHAMMAD HAMED/REUTERS)
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Jordan will fully reopen its main border crossing with Syria from Wednesday, government and industry officials said, as a high-level Syrian team arrived in Amman to discuss how to ease the flow of goods hit by the pandemic and a decade of conflict.
Although the Jaber crossing has been open since 2018 after the Syrian government drove rebels from southern Syria, trade has yet to recover to the $1 billion pre-war level.
The pandemic led to measures to try to curb transmission of the coronavirus and those restrictions will be lifted from Wednesday, officials told Reuters.
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They said a visiting trade delegation from Syria, led by economy, trade, agriculture, water and electricity ministers, would also discuss lifting tariff barriers.
"We hope the moves will restore previous trade dealings before the conflict and revive lucrative transit trade," Jamal al Rifae, deputy head of Jordan's chamber of commerce, told Reuters.
Syrian soldiers stand at the Nasib border crossing with Jordan in Deraa, Syria July 7, 2018. (credit: REUTERS/OMAR SANADIKI)
Interior Minister Mazen Faraya said restrictions on Syrian transit cargo to Gulf markets and Iraq through Jordan will also be lifted, which Damascus has been pushing for.
Transit cargo from the Gulf will also be allowed from Jordan to Syria along with unrestricted passenger traffic, Faraya told Jordan's Al-Mamlaka public broadcaster.
Before the conflict in Syria, the Nasib-Jaber crossing was a transit route for hundreds of trucks a day transporting goods between Europe and Turkey and the Gulf.
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Jordanian businessmen had largely shunned dealing with Syria after the 2019 Caesar Act - the toughest US sanctions yet that prohibited foreign companies trading with Damascus.
Hit by economic slowdown caused in part by the pandemic, Jordanian businessmen have lobbied the government to ask Washington to ease restrictions on items it needs approval to import from Syria, where traders have long had close partnerships.
Syria’s only normally operating frontier crossing has been with Lebanon, and in recent years Iraq after the reopening of the Qaim crossing in 2019.
沙特阿拉伯教科書有所改進 - IMPACT-se
對沙特阿拉伯學校課程的研究表明，在一年的時間裡，持續改進和發生巨大變化。
通過耶路撒冷郵報STAFF
2021 年 9 月 27 日 10:11
2020 年 10 月 21 日，耶路撒冷 Beit Hakerem，Cramim 學校的空教室
（照片來源：OLIVIER FITOUSSI/FLASH90）
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一份新的IMPACT-se 報告發現，2021 年沙特教科書將進一步顯著改進。
對沙特阿拉伯學校課程的研究表明，在短短一年的時間裡，呈現出持續改進和巨大變化的趨勢。教科書刪除或編輯了一些妖魔化猶太人、基督徒和其他“非信徒”的課程。
一整個關於聖戰的教科書單元被從課程中刪除，該單元提倡用暴力來傳播伊斯蘭教和保護穆斯林土地。
教師為“鎖定中的課堂觀察”項目提交的材料。（信用：禮貌）
從 2021 年沙特教科書中刪除的內容包括禁止與猶太人和基督徒結交，因為他們是“上帝的敵人”，因此被稱為“異教徒”，以及代表先知穆罕默德為暴力和謀殺辯護和讚美的課程。
“我們去年註意到的對沙特教科書進行重大改革的趨勢仍在繼續，這強化了這樣一種觀點，即我們正在目睹沙特政府的明確政策，即根據學校教育中的和平容忍標準迅速改進其教科書，”說IMPACT-se首席執行官馬庫斯·謝夫 (Marcus Sheff) 。
“該國的統治者已經表示，他們的目標是讓沙特兒童具備與他們可能遇到的不同文化和世界觀積極互動的技能，而這次教科書改革是一個關鍵因素。今年的改進建立在已實施的重大變革的基礎上2020 年，在我們向沙特當局提交報告之後。IMPACT-se 很高興我們注意到的許多違規材料現已被刪除。”
然而，有問題的內容仍然存在。在性別以及對“猶太復國主義者”的敵意方面幾乎沒有取得任何進展。還有一些關於多神論者的有害教訓仍然存在。
Saudi Arabian textbooks show improvements - IMPACT-se
The research on the Saudi Arabia school curriculum shows a continuing trend of improvement and dramatic changes over the span of one year.
By JERUSALEM POST STAFF
SEPTEMBER 27, 2021 10:11
Empty classroom at Cramim school, Beit Hakerem, Jerusalem, October 21 2020
(photo credit: OLIVIER FITOUSSI/FLASH90)
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A new IMPACT-se report finds further dramatic improvements in Saudi textbooks in 2021.
The research on the Saudi Arabian school curriculum shows a trend of continuous improvement and dramatic changes over the span of just one year. The textbooks have removed or edited several lessons demonizing Jewish people, Christians, and other "non-believers."
An entire textbook unit on jihad was taken out of the curriculum, the unit advocating violence to spread Islam and protect Muslim land.
Teachers' submissions for the ''Classroom Look in Lockdown'' project. (credit: Courtesy)
Items removed from 2021 Saudi textbooks include forbidding friendships with Jews and Christians, called "infidels" as they are "enemies of God" and lessons justifying and praising violence and murder on behalf of the Prophet Mohammad.
“The trend of significant reforms to the Saudi textbooks that we noted last year is continuing, reinforcing the view that we are witnessing a clear Saudi governmental policy of making rapid improvements to its textbooks in line with standards of peace tolerance in school education," says Marcus Sheff, CEO of IMPACT-se.
"The country’s rulers have stated their aim of preparing Saudi children with the skills to positively interact with the different cultures and world-views that they may encounter, and this textbook reform is a key element. The improvements this year build on the significant changes instituted in 2020, following our report being presented to the Saudi authorities. IMPACT-se is gratified that so much of the offending material that we noted has now been removed.”
However, problematic content remains. Little progress has been made on the basis of gender, as well as hostility toward "Zionists." There are also harmful lessons about polytheists still present.
呼籲與以色列和平的伊拉克演講者面臨逮捕
大約 300 名伊拉克領導人召集會議，鼓勵與以色列實現正常化，這促使伊拉克法院發出逮捕令。
作者：托瓦·拉扎羅夫
2021 年 9 月 26 日 21:50
2021 年 3 月 7 日，人們站在庫爾德斯坦國旗旁邊，等待教皇弗朗西斯在伊拉克埃爾比勒的弗朗索哈里裡體育場舉行彌撒。
（圖片來源：路透社/YARA NARDI）
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伊拉克最高司法委員會周日宣布，伊拉克法院對三名公開呼籲他們的國家通過亞伯拉罕協議與以色列和解的人發出逮捕令。
Karkh 第一調查法院發出的兩項逮捕令是針對伊拉克覺醒運動之子運動負責人 Wisam al-Hardan 和文化部的一名僱員 Sahar Karim al-Ta'i 的。
他們在伊拉克庫爾德斯坦首都埃爾比勒與大約 300 名遜尼派和什葉派伊拉克人舉行的一次會議上發表講話，以促進與以色列的關係。伊拉克前議員 Mithal al-Alusi 也被發出逮捕令，據信他也與此次活動有關，該活動由位於美國的埃爾比勒和平通訊中心組織。
法院警告說，一旦當局知道他們的身份，它將逮捕所有參與者。
以色列與伊拉克庫爾德地區有著牢固的非正式聯繫，但這些聯繫並沒有擴展到該國其他地區，甚至在庫爾德斯坦，會議也立即遭到強烈反對，最初在尋求擴大地區範圍的以色列人中燃起了希望的和平。
庫爾德斯坦地區內政部表示，它沒有批准該活動，它說這“不反映庫爾德斯坦地區政府的立場，我們將對組織者採取必要的法律措施。”
3 月 20 日，伊拉克庫爾德斯坦杜霍克附近，男子在諾魯孜節舉起庫爾德旗幟，標誌著春天的第一天。（圖片來源：ARI JALAL / REUTERS）
伊拉克總理穆斯塔法·卡迪米已正式拒絕埃爾比勒與以色列和平的呼籲，並表示他公開支持巴勒斯坦人。
伊拉克新聞網站 Shafaq.com 報導說，哈丹撤回了他的評論，支持正常化。
然而，在周五發表在《華爾街日報》上的一篇評論文章中，哈丹提到了埃爾比勒會議並呼籲與以色列和平相處。
“來自巴格達、摩蘇爾、安巴爾、巴別塔、薩拉赫丁和迪亞拉的 300 多名伊拉克同胞星期五在這個北部城市與我會面，我們在那裡公開要求伊拉克通過亞伯拉罕條約與以色列及其人民建立關係。協議，”哈丹寫道。
“我們將尋求與以色列人進行面對面的會談。沒有任何力量，無論是外國的還是國內的，都無權阻止我們前進。伊拉克的反正常化法律將阿拉伯人和以色列人之間的民事接觸定為刑事犯罪，在道德上令人反感，”他解釋說。
哈丹還提到了“在 20 世紀中葉，我們大多數伊拉克猶太人人口的大規模流亡和剝奪，這是一個擁有 2600 年曆史的社區。
“通過他們的強制遷移，伊拉克有效地切斷了自己的一條主要脈絡。然而，我們從大多數伊拉克猶太人設法重建他們的生活，將他們的傳統傳給他們在以色列的子孫後代的知識中汲取了希望，”他寫道。
總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 在推特上表示支持會議和以色列與伊拉克關係正常化。
貝內特說：“這是來自下層而非上層的號召，來自人民而非政府。“以色列國正在向你們伸出和平之手。”
貝內特在談到埃爾比勒的事件時寫道，會議上出現的關於“承認伊拉克猶太人遭受的歷史不公正的評論尤其重要”。
美國前駐以色列大使大衛弗里德曼敦促拜登政府“抓住這個機會”。他在推特上寫道：“美國可以在推動伊拉克進入和平圈方面發揮關鍵作用。”
週末，外交部長亞伊爾·拉皮德 (Yair Lapid) 寫道：“自本屆政府上任以來，我們的目標一直是擴大亞伯拉罕協議。伊拉克的事件激發了我們以前從未想過的地方的希望。
“我們和伊拉克在猶太社區有著共同的歷史和根源，每當有人向我們伸出援手時，我們都會竭盡全力回擊，”他補充道。
三名以色列人通過 Zoom 在會議上發表講話。以色列前總統西蒙·佩雷斯的兒子切米·佩雷斯說，他的父親曾夢想中東和平。
佩雷斯說，他的父親希望盡快進入這個合作時代。
“我們與我們所服務的事業一樣偉大，”佩雷斯說。
他說他相信如果他還活著，他的父親肯定會參加會議。
1970 年，20 歲的自由記者琳達·梅紐因·阿卜杜勒·阿齊茲 (Linda Menuhin Abdul Aziz) 與她 17 歲的弟弟逃離伊拉克，她也在會議上發表講話。1972 年她父親被綁架並在她離開後不久被殺，她尋找父親死亡細節的故事被改編成了一部名為《巴格達影子》的電影。
她為《耶路撒冷郵報》回憶了 1948 年獨立戰爭和 1967 年迫使猶太人逃離的六日戰爭之後對猶太人的迫害。
她說，猶太人被剝奪了財產並被捕，並解釋說政府針對猶太人的一些措施是從納粹那裡採取的。
她說，在她的印像中，伊拉克人非常渴望與以色列和解。
“他們希望與以色列合作，”阿卜杜勒·阿齊茲 (Abdul Aziz) 說，他解釋說，選擇與以色列建立關係是為了穩定，這樣的舉動會帶來穩定，包括商業和旅遊機會。
她說，現在是將與以色列的和平放在公眾議程上的時候了。
她向觀眾講述了她的個人故事，儘管如此，她仍然夢想著一個不同的伊拉克，一個與以色列和平相處的伊拉克。
“伊拉克在我們的 DNA 中，”阿卜杜勒·阿齊茲說。“儘管我 50 年前離開了伊拉克，但它並沒有離開我，”她說。
耶路撒冷郵政工作人員為本報告做出了貢獻。
Iraqi speakers who called for peace with Israel face arrest
Some 300 Iraqi leaders convened to encourage normalization with Israel, prompting arrest warrants from an Iraqi court.
By TOVAH LAZAROFF
SEPTEMBER 26, 2021 21:50
People stand next to a Kurdistan flag as they wait for Pope Francis to hold a mass at Franso Hariri Stadium in Erbil, Iraq, March 7, 2021.
(photo credit: REUTERS/YARA NARDI)
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An Iraqi court issued arrest warrants for three people who publicly called for their country to make peace with Israel through the Abraham Accords, the country’s Supreme Judicial Council announced on Sunday.
Two of the warrants issued by the Karkh First Investigation Court were for the Sons of Iraq Awakening movement head Wisam al-Hardan and an employee in the Culture Ministry, Sahar Karim al-Ta’i.
They spoke at a conference in the Iraqi Kurdistan capital Erbil, with some 300 Sunni and Shi’ite Iraqis, promoting ties with Israel. A warrant was also issued for former Iraqi Parliamentarian Mithal al-Alusi, also believed to have been connected to the event, which was organized by the US-based Center for Peace Communications in Erbil.
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The court warned that it would arrest all participants once their identities were known to authorities.
Israel has
strong informal ties
with the Kurdish region of Iraq, but these ties have not extended to the rest of the country, and even in Kurdistan there was an immediate backlash to the conference that had initially raised hope among Israelis seeking to widen the regional circle of peace.
The Kurdistan region’s Interior Ministry said it had not authorized the event, which it said did “not reflect the position of the Kurdistan Regional Government and we will be taking the necessary legal measures against the organizers.”
MEN HOLD Kurdish flags on Nowruz Day, marking the first day of spring, near Duhok, in Iraqi Kurdistan on March 20. (credit: ARI JALAL / REUTERS)
Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kadhimi has formally rejected the call in Erbil for peace with Israel, stating his public support for the Palestinians.
The Iraqi news site Shafaq.com reported that Hardan had retracted his comments in favor of normalization.
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In an opinion piece published Friday in The Wall Street Journal, however, Hardan mentioned the Erbil meeting and called for peace with Israel.
“More than 300 of my fellow Iraqis from Baghdad, Mosul, Al-Anbar, Babel, Salahuddin and Diyala joined me Friday in this northern city, where we issued a public demand for Iraq to enter into relations with Israel and its people through the Abraham Accords,” Hardan wrote.
“We will seek face-to-face talks with Israelis. No power, foreign or domestic, has the right to prevent us from moving forward. Iraq’s anti-normalization laws, which criminalize civil engagement between Arabs and Israelis, are morally repugnant,” he explained.
Hardan also referenced the “mass exodus and dispossession of the majority of our Iraqi Jewish population, a community with 2,600 years of history, in the mid-20th century.
“Through their forced migration, Iraq effectively cut one of its own principal veins. Yet we draw hope from the knowledge that most Iraqi Jews managed to rebuild their lives, passing their traditions to their children and grandchildren in Israel,” he wrote.
Prime Minister Naftali Bennett tweeted his support of the conference and for the normalization of ties between Israel and Iraq.
“This is a call that comes from below and not from above, from the people and not from the government, Bennett said. “The State of Israel is extending its hand to you in peace.”
Comments emerging from the conference about the “recognition of the historical injustice done to the Jews of Iraq are especially important,” Bennett wrote of the event in Erbil.
Former US ambassador to Israel David Friedman urged the Biden administration “to jump on this opportunity.” He tweeted, “The US can play a pivotal role to moving Iraq into the Circle of Peace.”
Over the weekend, Foreign Minister Yair Lapid wrote, “Since the day this government took office, our goal has been to expand the Abraham Accords. The event in Iraq inspires hope for places we have not thought of before.
“We and Iraq share a common history and roots in the Jewish community, and whenever someone reaches out to us, we will do everything to reach back,” he added.
Three Israelis addressed the conference over Zoom. Chemi Peres, the son of former Israeli President Shimon Peres, said his father had dreamed of a time when the Middle East would be at peace.
His father wanted to enter this era of cooperation as quickly as possible, Peres said.
“We are as great as the cause we serve,” Peres said.
He said he believed his father would surely have been at the conference if he had been alive.
Freelance journalist Linda Menuhin Abdul Aziz, who fled Iraq at age 20 with her 17-year old brother, in 1970, also addressed the conference. The story of her search to discover details of the death of her father, who was kidnapped in 1972 and killed shortly after she left, was turned into a movie called Shadow in Baghdad.
She recalled for The Jerusalem Post the persecution of Jews in the aftermath of the 1948 War of Independence and the 1967 Six Day War that forced the Jews to flee.
Jews were stripped of their possessions and arrested, she said, explaining that some of the government’s steps against the Jews were taken from the Nazis.
It’s her impression, she said, that behind closed doors there is a great desire among Iraqis to make peace with Israel.
“They want cooperation with Israel,” Abdul Aziz said, explaining that choosing ties with Israel was a choice for stability such a move would bring, including business and tourist opportunities.
The time has come to put peace with Israel on the public’s agenda, she said.
She told the audience of her personal story and how despite that, she still dreamed of a different Iraq, one that was at peace with Israel.
“Iraq is in our DNA,” Abdul Aziz said. “Even though I left Iraq 50 years ago, it has not left me,” she said.
Jerusalem Post Staff contributed to this report.
聯合國的貝內特：恨以色列不會讓你“醒來”
以色列總理一再表示，以色列是“波濤洶湧的大海中的燈塔” • “就像點石成金一樣，伊朗政權擁有‘毛拉之風’。” 伊朗觸及的每一個地方都失敗了，”他打趣道。
通過LAHAV哈爾科夫
2021 年 9 月 28 日 21:37
Naftali Bennett 在聯合國大會上，2021 年 9 月 27 日
（照片來源：AVI OHAYON - GPO）
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以色列總理納夫塔利·貝內特週一在聯合國大會上的首次演講中說，以色列是光明和自由的燈塔，支持它是一種道德選擇。
在成為總理 100 多天后，貝內特在標誌性的綠色大理石牆前說：“攻擊以色列並不會讓你在道德上更優越。與中東唯一的民主作鬥爭不會讓你“醒來”。採納關於以色列的陳詞濫調，而不去了解基本事實，嗯，這只是懶惰。這座大樓裡的每個成員國都有一個選擇。這不是政治選擇，而是道德選擇。這是黑暗與光明之間的選擇。”
貝內特反复說，以色列“是波濤洶湧的大海中的燈塔”，他說，以色列是一個多元化的民主國家，以其創新為世界做出貢獻。
貝內特指著上週選擇退出德班第四次會議的 38 個國家——標誌著世界反種族主義會議已經演變成反猶太主義和反以色列偏見 20 週年——貝內特說：“這次會議原本是為了反對種族主義，但多年來變成了一場針對以色列和猶太人的種族主義會議——這個世界已經受夠了。我感謝 38 個選擇真相而不是謊言並跳過會議的國家。”
總理特別感謝美國成為“長期的、值得信賴的朋友”，並引用了上週為 10 億美元提供資金的投票。在Iron Dome 電池中。
總理的車隊在發表講話前抵達聯合國，2021 年 9 月 27 日（圖片來源：對方提供）
貝內特感嘆道，“長期以來，以色列一直被與鄰國的戰爭所定義。但這不是以色列的意義所在。”
“以色列人早上醒來時不會想到衝突。以色列人希望過上美好的生活，照顧我們的家人，並為我們的孩子建立一個更美好的世界，”他說，“這意味著我們有時可能需要離開工作，與家人道別，衝上戰場保衛我們的國家——就像我和我的朋友們不得不自己做的那樣。他們不應該因此受到評判。”
總理說，以色列人“決心向前看，建設更光明的未來”。
貝內特說，雖然以色列專注於做好事，但它仍然面臨著來自伊朗的核威脅。
“伊朗的核武器計劃正處於關鍵時刻，”他警告說。“所有的紅線都被越過了。檢查 - 忽略。所有一廂情願的想法 - 被證明是錯誤的。伊朗違反了（國際原子能機構的）保障協議——而且它正在逍遙法外。”
伊朗正在將鈾濃縮至 60%，距離武器級材料僅一步之遙，而世界一直無視其意圖開發核彈的進一步證據。
“伊朗的核計劃已經到了一個分水嶺——我們的容忍度也是如此。言語並不能阻止離心機旋轉，”他說。
貝內特說，以色列不會允許伊朗獲得核武器。
伊朗政權比看起來更弱，如果認真對待它的威脅，它可以被制止。
至於伊朗在地區的惡行，貝內特指出了伊朗支持的在以色列邊境的恐怖組織，如真主黨、哈馬斯和巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭聖戰組織。
“伊朗的偉大目標對任何願意睜開眼睛的人來說都是非常清楚的：伊朗尋求主宰該地區，並尋求在核保護傘下這樣做，”他說。
這位總理指出了“伊朗進行了屠殺和破壞”的地方——黎巴嫩、伊拉克、敘利亞、也門和加沙——並說它們都處於危機之中。
“就像點石成金一樣，伊朗政權也有‘毛拉式’。” 伊朗觸及的每一個地方都失敗了，”他打趣道。
貝內特說，伊朗的軍用無人機部隊威脅著整個世界，並提到了對默瑟街船隻的襲擊——伊朗自殺式無人機殺死了一名英國人和一名羅馬尼亞公民——以及它計劃在整個中東地區武裝的代理軍隊成千上萬的致命無人機。
這位總理還提到了伊朗總統易卜拉欣·賴西 (Ebrahim Raisi) 領導“死亡委員會”的歷史，該委員會下令謀殺了 5,000 名政治活動家——然後通過將受害者的錢收入囊中並吃泡芙來慶祝這些死亡。
“他通過吞食奶油蛋糕來慶祝對自己人民的謀殺，”貝內特強調說。“現在賴西是伊朗的新總統。這就是我們要對付的人。”
更積極的一點是，貝內特將亞伯拉罕協議——他稱之為他們的名字——稱為“光芒”，以及與約旦和埃及的和平。他說還有更多。
週日晚上，貝內特在外交部會見了巴林外交部長阿卜杜拉蒂夫·本·拉希德·扎亞尼和阿拉伯聯合酋長國國務部長哈利法·沙倫·阿爾馬拉爾，這是他與亞伯拉罕協議國家高級官員的首次會晤。貝內特表達了紀念協議簽署一年的重要性。
“我們很穩定，我們相信這種關係，我們希望盡可能擴大它，”他說。
在周一的演講中，貝內特還比較了 COVID-19 和政治兩極分化，稱它們都是可能造成毀滅性後果的瘟疫，並表示他的政府對兩者都有解決方案。
“在一個兩極分化的世界裡，算法助長了我們的憤怒，右翼和左翼的人在兩個不同的現實中運作，每個人都在他們自己的社交媒體泡沫中：他們只聽到證實他們已經相信的聲音。人們最終彼此憎恨，社會四分五裂。從內部分裂的國家無處可去，”貝內特說。
他說，新政府一直是“解毒劑”和“平靜與穩定：對政治常態的誠實嘗試”的源泉。
貝內特稱他的政府是以色列歷史上最多元化的政府，並表示它正在朝著統一的共同目標努力。
“我們傳達了一個信息：事情可能會有所不同。不同意也沒關係……因為健康的辯論是猶太傳統的基本原則，也是初創國家成功的秘訣之一。我們已經證明，即使在社交媒體時代，我們也可以毫無仇恨地進行辯論，”貝內特說。
演講結束後，總理會見了聯合國秘書長安東尼奧尼·古特雷斯和美國駐聯合國大使琳達·托馬斯-格林菲爾德，並在北美猶太人聯合會的活動上發表講話，其他猶太組織的領導人出席了會議。
“對伊朗的恐懼在聯合國猖獗，”伊朗大使馬吉德·塔赫特·拉萬奇在貝內特發表講話後在推特上寫道。他說，以色列“在擁有數百枚核彈頭的情況下無法討論我們的和平計劃”，他指的是以色列被廣泛認為是擁有核武器的國家。
當被問及貝內特對伊朗的評論時，首席副發言人賈莉娜·波特表示，拜登政府認為“相互遵守合規符合美國的國家利益”。
她補充說，“我們認為最好的選擇是限制伊朗的核計劃，並提供一個平台來解決伊朗破壞穩定的行為。”
路透社和 Tovah Lazaroff 為本報告做出了貢獻。
Bennett at the UN: Hating Israel doesn’t make you ‘woke’
Israel, the prime minister said repeatedly, is a "lighthouse in a stormy sea” • “Like the Midas touch, Iran's regime has the ‘Mullah-touch.’ Every place Iran touches, fails,” he quipped.
By LAHAV HARKOV
SEPTEMBER 28, 2021 21:37
Naftali Bennett at the UN General Assembly, September 27, 2021
(photo credit: AVI OHAYON - GPO)
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Israel is a beacon of light and freedom, and supporting it is a moral choice, Prime Minister Naftali Bennett said at his first-ever speech to the United Nations General Assembly on Monday.
Speaking in front of the iconic green marble wall, just over 100 days after he became prime minister, Bennett said that “Attacking Israel doesn’t make you morally superior. Fighting the only democracy in the Middle East doesn’t make you ‘woke.’ Adopting clichés about Israel without bothering to learn the basic facts, well, that's just plain lazy. Every member state in this building has a choice. It’s not a political choice, but a moral one. It’s a choice between darkness and light.”
Israel, Bennett said repeatedly, “is a lighthouse in a stormy sea,” a diverse democracy that contributes to the world with its innovations, he stated.
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Pointing to the 38 countries that opted out of last week’s Durban IV Conference – marking 20 years since the World Conference against Racism, which devolved into antisemitism and anti-Israel bias – Bennett said: “This conference was originally meant to be against racism, but over the years turned into a conference of racism, against Israel and the Jewish people – and the world has had enough of this. I thank the 38 countries who chose truth over lies and skipped the conference.”
The prime minister specifically thanked the US for being a “longtime, trusted friend,” citing the vote last week to fund $1bn. in Iron Dome batteries.
The Prime Minister's convoy arrives at the UN ahead of his speech, September 27, 2021 (credit: Courtesy)
Bennett lamented that, “for way too long, Israel was defined by wars with our neighbors. But this is not what Israel is about.”
“Israelis don’t wake up in the morning thinking about the conflict. Israelis want to lead a good life, take care of our families, and build a better world for our children,” he stated, “which means that from time to time, we might need to leave our jobs, say goodbye to our families, and rush to the battlefield to defend our country – just like my friends and I have had to do ourselves. They should not be judged for it.”
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Israelis, the prime minister said, are “determined to look ahead, to build a brighter future.”
WHILE ISRAEL is focused on doing good, it still faces a threat from a nuclear Iran, Bennett said.
“Iran's nuclear weapons program is at a critical point,” he warned. “All redlines have been crossed. Inspections — ignored. All wishful thinking — proven false. Iran is violating the [International Atomic Energy Agency’s] safeguard agreements — and it's getting away with it.”
Iran is enriching uranium to 60%, one step away from weapons-grade material, and the world has been ignoring further evidence of its intention to develop a nuclear bomb.
“Iran’s nuclear program has hit a watershed moment – and so has our tolerance. Words do not stop centrifuges from spinning,” he stated.
Israel will not allow Iran to obtain a nuclear weapon, Bennett said.
The Iranian regime is weaker than it seems, and it can be stopped if its threat is taken seriously.
As for Iran’s regional malign actions, Bennett pointed to the Iran-backed terrorist groups on Israel’s borders, like Hezbollah, Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad.
“Iran’s great goal is crystal clear to anybody who cares to open their eyes: Iran seeks to dominate the region, and seeks to do so under a nuclear umbrella,” he said.
The prime minister pointed to places in which “Iran has spread its carnage and destruction” – Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, Yemen and Gaza – and said they are all in crisis.
“Like the Midas touch, Iran's regime has the ‘Mullah-touch.’ Every place Iran touches, fails,” he quipped.
Bennett said that Iran’s military drone unit threatens the entire world, mentioning the attack on the Mercer Street vessel – in which Iranian suicide drones killed a British and a Romanian citizen – as well as its proxy armies throughout the Middle East, which it plans to arm with thousands of deadly UAVs.
The prime minister also referred to Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi’s history of heading a “death commission” that ordered the murder of 5,000 political activists - and then celebrating the deaths by pocketing the victims’ money and eating cream puffs.
“He celebrated the murder of his own people, by devouring cream cakes,” Bennett emphasized. “And now Raisi is Iran's new president. This is who we're dealing with.”
ON A MORE positive note, Bennett referred to the Abraham Accords - which he called by their name - as “rays of light,” along with peace with Jordan and Egypt. He said that more is to come.
On Sunday night, Bennett met with Bahraini Foreign Minister Abdullatif bin Rashid Al Zayani and United Arab Emirates Minister of State in The Foreign Ministry Khalifa Sharren Almarar, in what was his first meeting with senior officials from Abraham Accords countries. Bennett expressed the importance of marking a year since the accords were signed.
“We are stable, we believe in this relationship and we want to expand it as much as possible,” he said.
In his speech on Monday, Bennett also compared COVID-19 and political polarization, calling them both plagues that could have devastating results, and saying his government has solutions for both.
“In a polarized world, where algorithms fuel our anger, people on the Right and on the Left operate in two separate realities, each in their own social media bubble: They hear only the voices that confirm what they already believe in. People end up hating each other, societies get torn apart. Countries broken from within go nowhere,” Bennett said.
The new government has been an “antidote” and a source of “calm and stability: an honest attempt for political normalcy,” he stated.
Bennett called his government the most diverse in Israel’s history and said that it is working toward a shared purpose of unity.
“We carry a message: Things can be different. It’s okay to disagree… For healthy debate is a basic tenet of the Jewish tradition and one of the secrets to the success of the Start-Up Nation. What we have proven is that even in the age of social media, we can debate, without hate,” Bennett said.
The prime minister met with UN Secretary-General Antonioni Guterres and US Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield after the speech, and spoke at a Jewish Federations of North America event, at which leaders of other Jewish organizations were present.
"Iran-phobia runs rampant at UN," Iran's Ambassador Majid Takht Ravanchi posted on Twitter after Bennett spoke. Israel "is in no position to discuss our peaceful program when it has hundreds of nuclear warheads," he said, referring to Israel's widely believed status as a country that possesses nuclear weapons.
When quizzed about Bennett's comments on Iran, Jalina Porter, Principal Deputy Spokesperson, said that the Biden administration believes that a "mutual return to compliance is in America’s national interest."
She added that "we believe the best available option is to restrict Iran’s nuclear program and provide a platform to address Iran’s destabilizing conduct."
Reuters and Tovah Lazaroff contributed to this report.
米萊：基地組織可能在塔利班領導下重建，12個月內對美國構成威脅
美國軍方負責人告訴參議院，來自阿富汗的恐怖威脅“非常有可能”；認為至少需要 2,500 名士兵才能防止政府垮台
作者：ROBERT BURNS和LOLITA C. BALDOR今天，晚上 8:38
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參謀長聯席會議主席馬克·米利將軍於 2021 年 9 月 28 日星期二在華盛頓特區國會山就阿富汗軍事行動結束和未來反恐行動計劃舉行的參議院軍事委員會聽證會上發表講話。（Sarahbeth Maney/紐約時報，美聯社，Pool）
華盛頓（美聯社）——在美國最長的戰爭動蕩的最後幾個月的首次國會證詞中，美國高級軍官週二承認錯誤判斷了阿富汗軍隊的脆弱性，並表示他們認為美國應該保留至少數千名士兵。以防止塔利班迅速接管該國。
去年春天，當拜登考慮是否在阿富汗保留任何軍隊時，他沒有說他給美國總統喬拜登什麼建議，但馬克米利將軍告訴參議院軍事委員會，他個人認為至少需要 2,500 人來防範喀布爾政府垮台。
作為中央司令部負責人監督美國戰爭最後幾個月的弗蘭克·麥肯齊將軍錶示，他同意米利的評估。他還拒絕透露他向拜登推薦了什麼。
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米利引用了“一個非常現實的可能性”，即基地組織或伊斯蘭國家組織的阿富汗分支可能在塔利班統治下在阿富汗重組，並在未來 12 至 36 個月內對美國構成恐怖主義威脅。
參議員湯姆·科頓（Tom Cotton）問米利，在他的建議被拒絕後為什麼不選擇辭職。
被美國前總統唐納德特朗普任命為參謀長聯席會議主席並被拜登保留的米利表示，他有責任向總司令提供最好的建議。
參謀長聯席會議主席馬克·米利將軍於 2021 年 9 月 28 日星期二在華盛頓特區國會山就阿富汗軍事行動結束和未來反恐行動計劃舉行的參議院軍事委員會聽證會上發表講話。（美聯社照片/Patrick Semansky，游泳池）
“總統不必同意這個建議，”米利說。“他不必僅僅因為我們是將軍就做出這些決定。一名軍官因為沒有採納我的建議而辭職，這將是一種令人難以置信的政治反抗行為。”
美國國防部長勞埃德·奧斯汀與米利和麥肯齊一起作證，為軍方從喀布爾執行瘋狂空運辯護，並聲稱在沒有地面部隊的情況下遏制來自阿富汗的未來威脅將“困難但絕對有可能”。
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在詢問下，他也拒絕透露他曾就是否全面撤軍給拜登提供過什麼建議。
2001 年 9 月 11 日，基地組織利用阿富汗作為基地計劃和執行對美國的襲擊，導緻美國在一個月後入侵阿富汗。
“我們必須記住，塔利班過去和現在都是一個恐怖組織，他們仍然沒有與基地組織斷絕關係，”米利說。“我對我們正在打交道的人沒有幻想。塔利班能否鞏固權力，或者該國是否會進一步陷入內戰，還有待觀察。”
奧斯汀質疑美國在阿富汗戰爭 20 年過程中做出的決定。他說，回想起來，美國政府可能過於相信其建立一個可行的阿富汗政府的能力。
“我們幫助建立了一個國家，但我們無法建立一個國家，”他告訴參議院軍事委員會。“事實上，我們和我們的合作夥伴訓練的阿富汗軍隊就這麼消失了——在許多情況下沒有開一槍——讓我們所有人都感到驚訝。否則的話是不誠實的。”
美國國防部長勞埃德·奧斯汀於 2021 年 9 月 28 日星期二在華盛頓特區國會山舉行的參議院軍事委員會聽證會上就結束在阿富汗的軍事行動和未來反恐行動的計劃發表講話。（美聯社照片/Patrick Semansky，游泳池）
當被問及美國為何沒有預見到阿富汗軍隊的迅速崩潰時，米利說，根據他的判斷，美軍在幾年前結束了有顧問陪伴的做法時，就失去了看清和了解阿富汗軍隊真實情況的能力。戰場上的阿富汗人。
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“你不能用機器測量人的心臟，你必須在那裡，”米利說。
奧斯汀承認 8 月 14 日開始從哈米德卡爾扎伊國際機場進行的最後一次空運存在缺陷，例如機場內和附近的最初暴力浪潮導致阿富汗平民多人死亡。
但他斷言，這次空運是一項歷史性的成就，使 124,000 人脫離了塔利班的統治。
“需要明確的是，前兩天很艱難，”戰爭老兵奧斯汀說。“我們都驚恐地看著阿富汗人衝進跑道和我們的飛機的畫面。我們都記得機場外混亂的場景。但在 48 小時內，我們的部隊恢復了秩序，過程開始佔據上風。”
拜登政府在處理戰爭最後幾個月的方式上面臨多方面的批評。
2021 年 8 月 31 日，美國從阿富汗喀布爾撤軍後，塔利班戰士在哈米德卡爾扎伊國際機場內站崗。（美聯社照片/Kathy Gannon，文件）
武裝部隊小組中排名靠前的共和黨參議員詹姆斯·英霍夫告訴奧斯汀和米利，撤軍和撤離相當於一場“可避免的災難”。
共和黨人尤其加強了對美國總統喬拜登在 8 月 30 日之前將所有軍隊撤出阿富汗的決定的攻擊，稱這讓美國更容易受到恐怖主義的影響。他們要求提供更多有關喀布爾自殺性爆炸事件的詳細信息，該爆炸事件在撤軍的最後幾天炸死了 13 名美國軍人。
作為中央司令部負責人監督撤軍的弗蘭克·麥肯齊將軍與奧斯汀和米利一起作證。
Inhofe 向五角大樓提出了一長串關於撤軍的多個方面的問題，其中包括 8 月 26 日在喀布爾國際機場發生的自殺性爆炸事件，除了美國軍人之外，還有大約 169 名阿富汗人喪生。
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Inhofe 還要求提供有關夏季決策的信息，因為塔利班顯然壓倒了美國支持的阿富汗軍隊。
英霍夫上週寫道：“我們需要全面考慮導致我們走到今天的每一個因素和決定，並製定一個真正的計劃來捍衛美國的前進。”
撤軍結束了美國歷史上最長的戰爭。
拜登政府和國會中的一些民主黨人認為，美國前總統唐納德特朗普應對以塔利班勝利告終的戰爭負有部分責任，因為他的政府於 2020 年與塔利班簽署了一項協議，承諾美國全面撤軍2021 年 5 月。他們還指出，美國多年來未能建立一支能夠對抗塔利班的阿富汗軍隊。
2021 年 9 月 8 日，星期三，塔利班士兵在阿富汗東北部的潘杰希爾省站崗。（美聯社照片/穆罕默德·阿西夫·汗）
“這不是民主黨或共和黨的問題。這些失敗已經體現在兩個政黨的四屆總統政府中，“參議員傑克里德在塔利班於 8 月 15 日接管喀布爾後的第二天說。
儘管週二的聽證會定於阿富汗問題，但其他話題肯定會出現，包括米利在特朗普總統任期最後幾個月的行動。
國會中的一些人指責米利不忠，因為鮑勃·伍德沃德和羅伯特·科斯塔的《危險》一書向中國將軍保證美國沒有襲擊中國的計劃，如果這樣做，米利會警告他提前。
在這本書報導的新聞報導之後的幾天裡，米利拒絕詳細評論，而是告訴記者他將直接向國會提出他的答案。他唯一的評論是，與中國人的通話是例行公事，在他的工作職責範圍內。
米利和奧斯汀都為美國軍方執行拜登 4 月份下令從阿富汗撤軍的行為進行了辯護。撤軍工作在 7 月初基本完成，但仍有數百名士兵和一些防禦裝備留在喀布爾，以保護美國在首都的外交存在。
美國國務院最初表示，在 8 月 31 日完成撤軍後，外交官將繼續留下，但當阿富汗軍隊崩潰，時任阿富汗總統阿什拉夫·加尼逃離該國，讓塔利班掌權時，一場瘋狂的撤離開始了。
Milley: Al-Qaeda may rebuild under Taliban, pose threat to US in 12 months
US military chief tells Senate of ‘very real possibility’ of terror threat from Afghanistan; believes at least 2,500 troops would have been needed to prevent collapse of government
By ROBERT BURNS and LOLITA C. BALDORToday, 8:38 pm
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Mark Milley speaks during a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on the conclusion of military operations in Afghanistan and plans for future counterterrorism operations, on Tuesday, September 28, 2021, on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC. (Sarahbeth Maney/The New York Times via AP, Pool)
WASHINGTON (AP) — In their first congressional testimony on the tumultuous final months of America’s longest war, top United States military officers acknowledged on Tuesday misjudging the fragility of Afghanistan’s army and said that they believed the US should have kept at least several thousand troops in the country to prevent a rapid takeover by the Taliban.
Without saying what advice he had given US President Joe Biden last spring when Biden was considering whether to keep any troops in Afghanistan, Gen. Mark Milley told the Senate Armed Services Committee that it was his personal opinion that at least 2,500 were needed to guard against a collapse of the Kabul government.
Gen. Frank McKenzie, who as head of Central Command had overseen the final months of the US war, said that he agreed with Milley’s assessment. He also declined to say what he had recommended to Biden.
Milley cited “a very real possibility” that al-Qaeda or the Islamic State group’s Afghanistan affiliate could reconstitute in Afghanistan under Taliban rule and present a terrorist threat to the US in the next 12 to 36 months.
Sen. Tom Cotton asked Milley why he did not choose to resign after his advice was rejected.
Milley, who was appointed to his position as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff by former US president Donald Trump and retained by Biden, said that it was his responsibility to provide the commander in chief with his best advice.
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Mark Milley speaks during a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on the conclusion of military operations in Afghanistan and plans for future counterterrorism operations, on Tuesday, September 28, 2021, on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky, Pool)
“The president doesn’t have to agree with that advice,” Milley said. “He doesn’t have to make those decisions just because we are generals. And it would be an incredible act of political defiance for a commissioned officer to resign just because my advice was not taken.”
Testifying alongside Milley and McKenzie, US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin defended the military’s execution of a frantic airlift from Kabul and asserted it will be “difficult but absolutely possible” to contain future threats from Afghanistan without troops on the ground.
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Under questioning, he, too, declined to say what advice he had given Biden about whether to make a full troop withdrawal.
It was al-Qaeda’s use of Afghanistan as a base from which to plan and execute its attacks on the US on September 11, 2001 that triggered the US invasion of Afghanistan a month later.
“And we must remember that the Taliban was and remains a terrorist organization and they still have not broken ties with al-Qaeda,” Milley said. “I have no illusions who we are dealing with. It remains to be seen whether or not the Taliban can consolidate power or if the country will further fracture into civil war.”
Austin questioned decisions made over the 20-year course of the US war in Afghanistan. In retrospect, he said, the American government may have put too much faith in its ability to build a viable Afghan government.
“We helped build a state, but we could not forge a nation,” he told the Senate Armed Services Committee. “The fact that the Afghan army we and our partners trained simply melted away — in many cases without firing a shot — took us all by surprise. It would be dishonest to claim otherwise.”
US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin speaks during a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on the conclusion of military operations in Afghanistan and plans for future counterterrorism operations, on Tuesday, September 28, 2021, on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky, Pool)
Asked why the US did not foresee the rapid collapse of the Afghan army, Milley said that in his judgment the US military lost its ability to see and understand the true condition of the Afghan forces when it ended the practice some years ago of having advisers alongside the Afghans on the battlefield.
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“You can’t measure the human heart with a machine, you have to be there,” Milley said.
Austin acknowledged shortcomings in the final airlift from Hamid Karzai International Airport that began August 14, such as an initial wave of violence at and near the airfield that led to multiple deaths of Afghan civilians.
But he asserted that the airlift was a historic accomplishment that removed 124,000 people from Taliban rule.
“To be clear, those first two days were difficult,” said Austin, who is a veteran of the war. “We all watched with alarm the images of Afghans rushing the runway and our aircraft. We all remember the scenes of confusion outside the airport. But within 48 hours, our troops restored order, and process began to take hold.”
The Biden administration faces criticism on multiple fronts for its handling of the final months of the war.
Taliban fighters stand guard inside the Hamid Karzai International Airport after the US withdrawal in Kabul, Afghanistan, on August 31, 2021. (AP Photo/Kathy Gannon, File)
Sen. James Inhofe, the ranking Republican on the Armed Services panel, told Austin and Milley that the withdrawal and evacuation amounted to an “avoidable disaster.”
Republicans in particular have intensified their attacks on US President Joe Biden’s decision to pull all troops out of Afghanistan by August 30, saying that it left the US more vulnerable to terrorism. They are demanding more details on the suicide bombing in Kabul that killed 13 American service members in the final days of the withdrawal.
Gen. Frank McKenzie, who as head of Central Command oversaw the withdrawal, testified alongside Austin and Milley.
Inhofe has peppered the Pentagon with a lengthy list of questions about multiple aspects of the withdrawal, including the suicide bombing on August 26 at Kabul’s international airport that killed some 169 Afghans, in addition to the American service members.
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Inhofe is also demanding information about decision-making over the summer as it became apparent that the Taliban were overwhelming US-backed Afghan forces.
“We need a full accounting of every factor and decision that led us to where we are today and a real plan for defending America moving forward,” Inhofe wrote last week.
The withdrawal ended the longest war in US history.
The Biden administration, and some Democrats in Congress, have argued that former US president Donald Trump bears some of the blame for the war ending in a Taliban victory, since his administration signed a deal with the Taliban in 2020 that promised a full American withdrawal by May 2021. They also have pointed to a yearslong US failure to build an Afghan military that could stand up to the Taliban.
Taliban soldiers stand guard in Panjshir province northeastern of Afghanistan, on Wednesday, September 8, 2021. (AP Photo/Mohammad Asif Khan)
“This is not a Democratic or a Republican problem. These failures have been manifesting over four presidential administrations of both political parties,” Sen. Jack Reed said the day after the Taliban took over Kabul on Aug. 15.
Although Tuesday’s hearing was scheduled to focus on Afghanistan, other topics were sure to come up, including Milley’s actions during the final months of Trump’s presidency.
Some in Congress have accused Milley of disloyalty for what the book “Peril,” by Bob Woodward and Robert Costa, reported as assurances to a Chinese general that the US had no plan to attack China, and that if it did, Milley would warn him in advance.
In the days following news accounts of the book’s reporting, Milley declined to comment in detail, instead telling reporters that he would lay out his answers directly to Congress. His only comments have been that the calls with the Chinese were routine and within the duties and responsibilities of his job.
Both Milley and Austin have defended the US military’s execution of an Afghanistan withdrawal that Biden ordered in April. The pullout was largely completed by early July, but several hundred troops were kept in Kabul, along with some defensive equipment, to protect a US diplomatic presence in the capital.
The State Department initially said that the diplomats would remain after the military withdrawal was completed by August 31, but when the Afghan forces collapsed and then-Afghan president Ashraf Ghani fled the country, leaving the Taliban in charge, a frantic evacuation began.
聯合國機構警告塔利班控制的阿富汗“迫在眉睫”的飢荒
隨著冬季的臨近以及叛亂組織重新掌權導致服務中斷，超過三分之一的人口可能會受到影響
由安娜·費爾南德斯2021 年 9 月 26 日，上午 12:12
2021 年 9 月 22 日，一名阿富汗男孩坐在獨輪車上，在阿富汗喀布爾的一個街頭水果和蔬菜市場等待顧客。（美聯社照片/Bernat Armangue）
紐約（法新社）——一名聯合國官員在接受法新社採訪時警告說，隨著冬季臨近，服務因塔利班重新掌權而中斷，阿富汗面臨“迫在眉睫的飢餓”風險。
聯合國人口基金（UNFPA）主任納塔利婭·卡內姆通過視頻表示，該國的局勢非常嚴峻。
卡內姆警告說，“可以毫不誇張地說”阿富汗約 3300 萬人口中至少有三分之一受到“迫在眉睫的飢餓”的影響。
她補充說，嚴冬會破壞向山區偏遠地區運送物資的能力，再加上冠狀病毒大流行將加劇本已復雜的局勢。
卡內姆在紐約人口基金總部告訴法新社：“人們非常擔心我們將如何提供醫療服務，下一頓飯從哪裡來。”
來自巴拿馬的醫生警告說，婦女和女孩將承受最壞的後果。
2018 年 5 月 24 日，人口基金執行主任 Natalia Kanem 在孟加拉國達卡舉行的新聞發布會上發表講話。（美聯社照片/AM Ahad）
“對於已經在受苦的婦女和女孩來說，這是緊迫的。這是分娩和懷孕期間死亡率最高的國家之一。
她說：“我們再怎麼強調都不為過，即使在過渡時期，婦女和女童也享有人權，這些權利應該得到尊重。”
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卡內姆重申了國際社會對塔利班的呼籲，隨著美國撤出最後一批軍隊，塔利班在上個月上台，結束了華盛頓在那里長達 20 年的戰爭。
“多年來，阿富汗婦女已經明確表示，她們想要接受教育，想要獲得醫療保健，而且她們也準備好、願意並且能夠設計項目並能夠在社區中發揮領導作用，”她說。
塔利班領導人試圖將該組織描述為比 1996 年至 2001 年上次統治阿富汗時更加溫和。然後，女性被禁止上學或工作，只允許在男性陪伴下離開家。
他們承諾會改變，稱他們將在伊斯蘭教法框架內尊重婦女的權利，但許多人仍然持懷疑態度。
2021 年 9 月 19 日，塔利班戰士坐在一輛皮卡車的後面，他們停在阿富汗喀布爾的山坡上。（美聯社照片 / Felipe Dana）
但沒有一個女性被任命為臨時政府成員，伊斯蘭主義者似乎正在逐步剝奪阿富汗人的自由。
Kanem 指出，在一個飽受數十年沖突蹂躪的國家，許多婦女，尤其是在受暴力影響最嚴重的地區，是唯一的養家糊口的人。
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她說，“我們都焦急地希望能夠有規律地向小社區的人們運送貨物”，那裡的許多 UNPFA 的工作人員都是女性。
“我們已經說過，我們希望能夠維持一個運轉良好的衛生系統。
“現在（這是）非常具有挑戰性，因為機場已經關閉，某些專業人士已經離開了這個國家，”卡內姆補充道。
她警告說，如果衛生系統崩潰，那將是“徹底的災難”，但補充說，該機構的家庭衛生中心大部分都保持開放。
聯合國周三發放了 4500 萬美元的緊急援助，以支持阿富汗的衛生系統。
UN agency warns of ‘imminent’ famine in Taliban-controlled Afghanistan
Over a third of the population could be affected, as winter approaches and with services disrupted by insurgent group’s return to power
By ANA FERNANDEZ26 September 2021, 12:12 am
An Afghan boy sits on a wheelbarrow as he waits for customers at a street fruit and vegetable market in Kabul, Afghanistan, September 22, 2021. (AP Photo/Bernat Armangue)
NEW YORK (AFP) — Afghanistan is at risk of “imminent hunger” with winter approaching and services disrupted by the return to power of the Taliban, a UN official warned in an interview with AFP.
Natalia Kanem, director of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), said via video that the situation in the country was dire.
“It would not be an exaggeration to say” that at least a third of Afghanistan’s population of around 33 million is affected by “imminent hunger,” Kanem warned.
Harsh winters, disrupting the ability to transport supplies to isolated areas of the mountainous country, plus the coronavirus pandemic will aggravate an already complicated situation, she added.
“There is a lot of anxiety over how we’re going to deliver health care, where the next meal is going to come from,” Kanem told AFP from the UNFPA headquarters in New York.
The doctor from Panama warned that women and girls would bear the worst of it.
Natalia Kanem, Executive Director of UNFPA, speaks during a press briefing in Dhaka, Bangladesh, May 24, 2018. (AP Photo/A.M. Ahad)
“It is urgent, for women and girls in particular who were already suffering. This is one of the countries with the highest death during childbirth and pregnancy rates.
“We cannot underscore enough that even during a transitional period, women and girls have human rights and these are to be respected,” she said.
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Kanem repeated calls made by the international community to the Taliban, who swept to power last month as the United States withdrew its last troops, ending Washington’s 20-year war there.
“The women of Afghanistan have made clear over years that they want their education, they want their health care, and that they’re also ready, willing and able to design programs and to be able to lead in their communities,” she said.
Taliban leaders have tried to portray the group as more moderate than when it last ran Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. Then, women were banned from school or work and only allowed to leave home with a male chaperone.
They have promised to change, saying they will respect women’s rights within the framework of Islamic sharia law, but many remain skeptical.
Taliban fighters sit on the back of a pickup truck as they stop on a hillside in Kabul, Afghanistan, September 19, 2021. (AP Photo/Felipe Dana)
But not a single woman was appointed to the provisional government and the Islamists seem to be incrementally stripping away Afghans’ freedoms.
Kanem notes that in a country ravaged by decades of conflict, many women, particularly in areas most affected by violence, are the sole breadwinners.
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“We’re all anxiously hoping that there will be regularity and ability of delivery of goods” to people in small communities where many of the UNPFA’s staff are women, she said.
“We have said that we want to be able to maintain a functioning health system.
“(It’s) pretty challenging right now with the airport having been closed, with certain professionals who have left the country,” Kanem added.
She warned that if the health system breaks down, that’s going to spell “complete disaster,” but added that for the most part the agency’s family health centers have remained open.
The UN on Wednesday released $45 million in emergency aid to support Afghanistan’s health system.
輝瑞（Pfizer）向 FDA 提交了針對 5-11 歲兒童的初步 COVID 疫苗試驗數據
製藥公司從涉及 2,000 多名兒童的研究中歸檔信息；表示尚未申請緊急使用授權，但預計將在數週內申請
由TOI 工作人員和美聯社提供今天下午 3:20
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一名以色列人於 2021 年 9 月 20 日在耶路撒冷接受 COVID-19 疫苗（Olivier Fitoussi/Flash90）
輝瑞週二表示，已向美國監管機構提交了有關為 5 至 11 歲兒童接種冠狀病毒疫苗的初步試驗數據。
該公司表示，它還沒有尋求輝瑞-BioNTech 疫苗的緊急使用授權，但可能會在未來幾週內進行。
這家製藥巨頭表示，它還計劃提交給歐洲藥品管理局 (EMA) 和其他監管機構。
提出請求後，美國食品和藥物管理局 (FDA) 預計在授予緊急使用授權之前至少需要數週時間來檢查數據。
輝瑞表示，它在 2,268 名幼兒園和小學適齡兒童中研究了一種劑量低得多的疫苗——現在每次注射劑量的三分之一。
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FDA 要求進行一項所謂的免疫“橋接”研究：證據表明，年幼的兒童產生的抗體水平已被證明對青少年和成人具有保護作用。
2021 年 9 月 9 日，以色列人在耶路撒冷的 Clalit 醫療保健機構接受了 COVID-19 疫苗。（奧利維爾·菲圖西/Flash90）
輝瑞上週表示，其疫苗適用於該年齡組，並且在 5 至 11 歲的兒童在測試期間接種第二劑後，他們產生的抗冠狀病毒抗體水平與青少年和年輕人接種常規強度的疫苗一樣強。
輝瑞首席執行官 Albert Bourla本週早些時候表示，如果美國食品和藥物管理局批准該公司的申請，“我們將為我們的生產做好準備，以提供這種新的疫苗配方。”
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輝瑞首席執行官 Albert Bourla 於 2021 年 2 月 19 日在密歇根州波蒂奇的輝瑞製造工廠發表講話。 (Evan Vucci/AP)
根據美國兒科學會的數據，雖然兒童患重病或死亡的風險低於老年人，但自大流行開始以來，美國有超過 500 萬兒童的 COVID-19 檢測呈陽性，至少有 460 人死亡。隨著 Delta 變種席捲全國，兒童病例急劇增加。
輝瑞週二還證實，針對 5 歲以下兒童的試驗預計將在今年年底獲得初步結果。該隊列以及 12 歲以下兒童的試驗在美國、芬蘭、波蘭和西班牙進行。
在輝瑞宣布其疫苗對幼兒的有效性之後，以色列一位高級衛生官員上週表示，該國將等待 FDA 批准，然後再向幼兒接種 COVID-19 疫苗，就像在開始為 12 歲以下兒童接種疫苗之前所做的那樣。 16.
“我們正在等待監管部門的批准，”該部公共衛生服務負責人 Sharon Alroy-Preis 博士告訴陸軍電台。
Alroy-Preis 表示，為幼兒接種疫苗的問題與第三次加強疫苗注射不同，以色列在 FDA 討論此事之前就開始注射了，因為“我們從數據中看到疫苗的保護作用正在減弱。”
7 月，以色列開始向 5-11 歲的兒童接種冠狀病毒疫苗，這些兒童患有嚴重的背景疾病，可能使他們更容易感染 COVID-19。
Pfizer submits initial COVID vaccine trial data to FDA for children aged 5-11
Pharmaceutical company files information from study involving over 2,000 children; says not yet requesting emergency use authorization, but expected to do so in weeks
By TOI STAFF and APToday, 3:20 pm
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An Israeli receives the COVID-19 vaccine on September 20, 2021 in Jerusalem (Olivier Fitoussi/Flash90)
Pfizer on Tuesday said it submitted initial trial data on vaccinating children aged 5 to 11 against the coronavirus to United States regulators.
The company said it was not yet seeking emergency use authorization for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, but could do so in the coming weeks.
The pharma giant said it was also planning to submit to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and other regulatory authorities.
When the request is made, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is expected to take at least a number of weeks to examine the data before granting emergency use authorization.
Pfizer said that it studied a vaccine with a much lower dose — a third of the amount that’s in each shot given now — in 2,268 kindergartners and elementary school-aged kids.
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The FDA required what is called an immune “bridging” study: evidence that the younger children developed antibody levels already proven to be protective in teens and adults.
Israelis receive their dose of the COVID-19 vaccine at a Clalit health care maintenance organization, on September 09, 2021, in Jerusalem. (Olivier Fitoussi/Flash90)
Pfizer said last week that its vaccine works for that age group and that after children age 5 to 11 got their second dose during testing, they developed coronavirus-fighting antibody levels just as strong as teenagers and young adults getting the regular-strength shots.
Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla said earlier this week that if the Food and Drug Administration approves the company’s application, “we will be ready with our manufacturing to provide this new formulation of the vaccine.”
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Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla speaks at a Pfizer manufacturing site, in Portage, Michigan, February 19, 2021. (Evan Vucci/AP)
While kids are at lower risk of severe illness or death than older people, more than 5 million children in the US have tested positive for COVID-19 since the pandemic began and at least 460 have died, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. Cases in children have risen dramatically as the Delta variant swept through the country.
Pfizer also confirmed Tuesday that initial results from trials for children under the age of 5 were expected by the end of the year. The trials for that cohort as well as children under the age of 12 were held in the United States, Finland, Poland, and Spain.
Following Pfizer’s announcement on the effectiveness of its vaccine in young children, a senior Israeli health official said last week that the country will wait for FDA approval before giving COVID-19 vaccinations to younger children, as it did before it starting vaccinating those aged 12-16.
“We are waiting for a regulatory approval,” Dr. Sharon Alroy-Preis, the ministry’s chief of public health services, told Army Radio.
Alroy-Preis said that the matter of vaccinating young children was different from the third booster vaccine shot, which Israel started administering before the FDA even discussed the matter, because “we saw from the data that the vaccine’s protection was waning.”
In July, Israel began to administer coronavirus vaccines to children aged 5-11 who have serious background illnesses that could make them more vulnerable to COVID-19.
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