Nebuchadnezzar's rule had been distinguished by great military victories and magnificent building achievements — including Babylon’s towering walls and the renowned Hanging Gardens. Yet despite all his success, Nebuchadnezzar had become consumed with personal pride. Even though chapter 3 ends with his declaration, ‘There is no other god who is able to deliver in this way’ (Daniel 3:29, NASB95), his heart remained unchanged. He continued to cling to his own glory and accomplishments, failing to recognize that all power and honor belong to the Most High God. Chapter 4 can be broken down in this way: (1) Introduction: Nebuchadnezzar’s testimony of God’s greatness (vv. 1–3); (2) A Dream: of the great tree (vv. 4–18); (3) Daniel’s interpretation and warning (vv. 19–27); (4) Nebuchadnezzar’s pride, his judgment, and his humiliation (vv. 28–33); and (5) Restoration: Nebuchadnezzar’s praise of the Most High (vv. 34–37).
Keywords: Nebuchadnezzar, Dream of the Great Tree