In this conversation, Filippo Lanceri discusses the evolving landscape of legal tech and digital enforcement, focusing on the differences between public and private enforcement in antitrust law, particularly in the context of the EU and US. He delves into the implications of the recent Meta case, the rise of private enforcement under the Digital Markets Act (DMA) in Europe, and the geopolitical dynamics influencing antitrust regulations. The discussion emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to innovation and regulation in the digital economy.Throughout the conversation, we addressed some developments that have taken place both in the EU and the US with regard to digital public and private enforcement. Click below to find those moments directly in the conversation:- 03:20, The private enforcement case brought by the 'Swifties': https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/taylor-swift-ticket-buyers-can-press-ahead-with-live-nation-lawsuit-2025-11-24/. - 04:12, The FTC's Meta case: https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/district-of-columbia/dcdce/1:2020cv03590/224921/693/.- 06:31, Judge Boadsberg dismisses a major part of the FTC's case against Meta: https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/cases/073_2021.06.28_mtd_order_memo.pdf.- 07:07, The precedent to the FTC's Meta case, the Microsoft case: https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/253/34/576095/. - 8:00, Mark Zuckerberg's email 'it's better to buy, than to compete': https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/cases/051_2021.01.21_revised_partially_redacted_complaint.pdf. - 8:32, The US' attempt to ban TikTok: https://www.theverge.com/23651507/tiktok-ban-us-news. - 09:37, The FTC's evidence proves that Meta generated $160 billion in revenue and $87 billion in operating profits: https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/ftc_gov/pdf/692-22025.09.30FederalTradeCommission%27sPost-TrialFindingsofFactREDACTED%28002%29.pdf.- 12:08, The Mainz Regional Court's ruling relating to the DMA's private enforcement: https://www.heise.de/en/news/Android-setup-Regional-court-prohibits-Google-from-favoring-Gmail-10590061.html.- 13:33, The DOJ's case against Apple: https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/justice-department-sues-apple-monopolizing-smartphone-markets. - 14:51, The Georgetown Private Antitrust Litigation project, based on work from the late 80s: https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262231312/private-antitrust-litigation/. - 17:01, Obama officials confirming that no monopolies existed in the US: https://www.politico.com/story/2012/08/barack-obama-trustbuster-079796.- 17:26, The US administration asks for the tempering down of EU digital rules in exchange for lowering tariffs: https://www.euronews.com/business/2025/11/24/us-to-cut-steel-tariffs-only-if-eu-agrees-to-soften-digital-rules-enforcement-in-return. - 15:59, The 2019 Stigler Committee on Digital Platforms Report: https://www.chicagobooth.edu/research/stigler/news-and-media/committee-on-digital-platforms-final-report. - 19:12, Filippo's new article co-authored with Laura Edelson and Stefan Becthold, 'AI Regulation: Competition, Arbitrage & Regulatory Capture': https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5049259. - 20:24, Tomaso Valetti's post on Promarket, 'What Have the Consultants Ever Done for Us?': https://www.promarket.org/2024/02/28/what-have-the-consultants-ever-done-for-us/. - 24:51, Ramsey Woodcock's paper, 'The Hidden Rules of a Modest Antitrust': https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4359&context=mlr. To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.

In this conversation, Konstantinos Stylianou discusses the implications of the Court of Justice's ruling on Android Auto, focusing on competition law, the distinction between open and closed platforms, and the evolving landscape of digital markets. The discussion highlights the challenges and opportunities presented by the ruling, particularly in relation to the refusal to deal doctrine and its impact on competition authorities and the DMA. To read Konstantinos' paper on the ruling, see here: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5171789. Throughout the episode, we discussed the following developments in the area of digital markets. Visit them directly by accessing their direct links below: - 01:02, The Court of Justice's ruling relating to Android Auto (Case C‑233/23): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=295687&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=725050. - 04:53, The Italian competition authority's decision sanctioning Google's conduct: https://en.agcm.it/en/media/press-releases/2021/5/A529. - 07:02, The General Court's Microsoft case (Case T-201/04): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=62940&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=11466742. - 09:51, The Court of Justice's Bronner landmark ruling (Case C-7/97): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?language=en&num=C-7/97.- 10:10, The General Court's ruling on Google Android (Case T-604/18): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?lgrec=fr&td=;ALL&language=en&num=T-604/18&jur=T.- 10:11, The General Court's ruling on Google Shopping (Case T-612/17): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=250881&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=11469981. - 24:31, Advocate General Medina's opinion on Android Auto: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=289827&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=11477068.To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com. She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.________The Binary Agora is on social media, where we upload and comment on dedicated content only for our subscribers. Stay tuned there, as well.- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/thebinaryagora/posts/?feedView=all- BlueSky: https://bsky.app/profile/thebinaryagora.bsky.social- TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@thebinaryagora- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thebinaryagora/.

This conversation considers the European Commission's non-compliance procedure against Google, focusing on the implications of the site reputation abuse policy on news publishers. The discussion highlights the challenges faced by traditional media in the digital landscape, the evolving monetization strategies, and the regulatory responses aimed at ensuring fairness in the digital marketplace. By discussing with Dr. Małgorzata Kozak she provides insights into the complex relationship between digital platforms and news publishers, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach to protect quality journalism.In the discussion with Dr. Kozak, she touches upon different developments and research on digital news. Visit those references by directly clicking on the links below:- 00:30, The European Commission's opening of a non-compliance procedure against Google: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_2675. - 01:02, Google's introduction of its site reputation abuse policy: https://developers.google.com/search/blog/2024/03/core-update-spam-policies. - 02:23, Google's change on its policy in November 2024: https://developers.google.com/search/blog/2024/11/site-reputation-abuse?ref=ppc.land#faq. - 03:40, Impact of Google's policy on news publishers by Black Friday: https://www.gsqi.com/marketing-blog/a-nightmare-on-affiliate-street/. - 11:30, 2025 Reuters report on the use of social media as a source of news: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/digital-news-report/2025.- 14:20, The French competition authority's remedying the lack of remuneration on snippets: https://www.autoritedelaconcurrence.fr/sites/default/files/integral_texts/2020-06/20-mc-01_en.pdf. - 14:59, The Bundeskartellamt's analysis of self-preferencing conduct of Google News Showcase: https://www.bundeskartellamt.de/SharedDocs/Entscheidung/EN/Fallberichte/Missbrauchsaufsicht/2022/V-43-20.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=2.- 15:25, Turkey's news outlet, Duvar, excluded from the market as a consequence of 'Big Tech' conduct: https://bianet.org/haber/independent-news-outlet-gazete-duvar-shutting-down-due-to-financial-difficulties-305365.- 15:54, Meta stops political advertising in the EU: https://about.fb.com/news/2025/07/ending-political-electoral-and-social-issue-advertising-in-the-eu/. - 19:43, Julia Cagé's study on news spreading online: https://juliacage.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Cage-Herve-Viaud-2020.pdf. - 22:42, The Spanish competition authority opened proceedings on conduct impacting news publishers: https://www.cnmc.es/sites/default/files/4613807_0.pdf. - 22:50, Preliminary questions addressed to the Court of Justice by Italian agencies on conduct impacting news publishers: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/2139/oj. - 23:00, AG Szpunar's opinion recognising imbalances between digital platforms and news publishers: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf;jsessionid=4D9D517C3E6972D0087E97B377E80CCB?text=&docid=302390&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=11924750. - 23:12, Australian Bargaining Code: https://www.accc.gov.au/by-industry/digital-platforms-and-services/news-media-bargaining-code/news-media-bargaining-code.- 23:22, Australian Government introduces News Bargaining Incentive: https://ministers.treasury.gov.au/ministers/daniel-mulino-2025/media-releases/news-bargaining-incentive-consultation-paper-released.- 24:01, Canada's Online News Act: https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/online-news.html.To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.

In this episode, Verity Egerton-Doyle discusses the implications of the UK's CMA designating Apple and Google with strategic market status. The conversation explores the potential conduct requirements that may be imposed, the role of AI in competition regulation, and the importance of economic evidence in the CMA's decision-making process. Additionally, the episode delves into the differences between public and private enforcement in competition law, highlighting the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for stakeholders in the legal tech space.In the conversation, we touched upon different developments that have happened in the UK surrounding the DMCCA's implementation. We encourage you to visit them directly through the following links: - 01:04, The CMA's designation of Google and Apple for their mobile platforms with Strategic Market Status: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/cma-confirms-apple-and-google-have-strategic-market-status-in-mobile-platforms.- 01:12, The CMA's designation of Google's Search Services with Strategic Market Status: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/cma-confirms-google-has-strategic-market-status-in-search-services.- 02:54, The CMA's indication that it will consult on conduct requirements relating to Google's search services: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/cma-to-investigate-googles-search-services.- 06:58, The CMA's issued Digital Markets Competition Regime Guidance: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-markets-competition-regime-guidance.- 07:00, The CMA's Intervention Roadmap for Apple (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/687f893cf2ecaeb756d0e1e6/Roadmap__Apple_.pdf) and Google (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/687f8ab528f29c99778a7455/Roadmap__Google_.pdf). - 07:27, The UK Government's Strategic Steer to the CMA: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/strategic-steer-to-the-competition-and-markets-authority/strategic-steer-to-the-competition-and-markets-authority.Key moments00:00 Introduction to Legal Tech and Strategic Market Status02:40 Understanding the CMA's Designation Decisions05:01 Implications of Designation on Google and Apple07:04 The Role of AI in Competition Regulation09:07 Economic Evidence in CMA's Decision-Making16:07 Private vs Public Enforcement in Competition LawTo learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.

In this episode, we delve into the concept of fairness in competition policy, particularly in the context of app stores and the application of FRAND conditions. Jorge Padilla discusses the theoretical underpinnings of fairness in economics and competition law, the challenges of implementing FRAND conditions in app stores, and the regulatory perspectives on pricing within the Digital Markets Act (DMA). The conversation highlights the complexities of ensuring fair distribution of value between gatekeepers and app developers, and the implications for consumers and market dynamics.If you're interested in reading Jorge's and Kadambari Prasad, 'Taking Article 6(12) DMA Seriously: FRAND Access Prices for App Stores': https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5261312Throughout the discussion, we touched upon a few papers and tales, to be found in the references below (if you want to skip to them directly):- 1:08, The Law and Economics of Article 102 TFEU, co-authored alongside Robert O'Donoghue: https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/the-law-and-economics-of-article-102-tfeu-9781509940868/.- 3:18, The Shapley value as a means to translate fairness into economics: https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_memoranda/2008/RM670.pdf.- 10:11, FRAND conditions applied to price of access to Microsoft's APIs in 2004: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2007:032:0023:0028:EN:PDF.- 14:09, Google's latest compliance report notes compliance with the FRAND obligation under the DMA (pages 160-162): https://storage.googleapis.com/transparencyreport/report-downloads/pdf-report-bb_2024-3-7_2025-3-6_en_v1.pdf.- 17:51, Isaiah Berlin's dichotomy on foxes and hedgehogs: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt24hqz8.To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.

In this conversation, Victor Fernandes, Commissioner at CADE, discusses the recent amendments to Brazil's competition law aimed at regulating digital markets. The conversation covers the objectives of the new regulation, the establishment of a new regulatory unit, and the balance between speed and legal rigor in enforcement. The discussion also highlights the importance of defining economic agents of systemic relevance and the impact of these changes on digital ecosystems.We mainly addressed the Federal Government's proposal to the Brazilian Congress of an amendment to its competition law introducing rules tackling digital competition: https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2562481.Throughout the conversation, we also touched upon a few regulatory efforts in other jurisdictions and challenges in Brazilian enforcement. Find them (and skip directly to them) here: - 02:17, First proposal of digital regulation in Brazil (Bill 2768) inspired by the DMA: https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2337417.- 02:24, Public consultation opened, gathering inputs on digital regulation: https://www.gov.br/participamaisbrasil/concorrencia-plataformas-digitais.- 3:00, CADE's submission on public consultation: https://cdn.cade.gov.br/Portal/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/contribuicoes-do-cade/contribuicoes-cade-ministerio%20fazenda-ingl%C3%AAs.pdf.- 3:14, Current competition law framework in Brazil (Law 12.529): https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/17631.- 3:24, The German Section 19a GWB, similar to the Brazilian amendment: https://www.bundeskartellamt.de/EN/Digital_economy/RulesDigital_economy/rulesdigitaleconomy_node.html.- 7:45, The Japanese regulatory efforts in digital markets: https://youtu.be/BoeTbjPKoFE?si=O-Fi1bjz3uLSFfAW.- 7:47, The British approach to digital regulation (the DMCCA): https://youtu.be/iqvYuJ3E2IM?si=4bAoGuoZed6MIGhQ.- 08:35, The report issued by the Minister of Finance on digital markets regulation (advising not to replicate the DMA): https://www.gov.br/fazenda/pt-br/central-de-conteudo/publicacoes/relatorios/sre/digital-platforms-competition-regulatory-recommendations-brazil-en.pdf.- 11:02, The CMA's approach towards Apple and Google in introducing remedies to digital markets: https://competitionandmarkets.blog.gov.uk/2025/07/23/cma-proposes-next-steps-for-improving-mobile-platforms-in-the-uk/.- 15:38, CADE's case against digital platform iFood: https://www.gov.br/cade/en/matters/news/cade-signs-agreement-with-ifood-in-case-involving-exclusivity-deals-in-food-delivery-marketplaces.- 15:40, CADE's case against regional platform Gympass: https://www.gov.br/cade/en/matters/news/cade-maintains-agreement-with-gympass-in-brazilian-health-club-market.- 16:34, Victor Fernandes' approach towards digital ecosystems in his role as Commissioner in CADE: https://www.gov.br/cade/en/matters/news/cade-upholds-interim-measure-against-apple/copy_of_AppleAppealCADEsDecisionEnligshversion.pdf.To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.

In this episode, we explore the evolving landscape of competition law, particularly in the context of digital markets. Fernando Castillo de la Torre, Director in the European Commission's Legal Service, shares insights from his extensive experience in competition law and discusses the implications of recent regulatory changes, including the Digital Markets Act (DMA) and the Digital Services Act (DSA). The conversation delves into the differences between traditional competition law and the new frameworks designed to address the unique challenges posed by digital platforms. If you'd like to learn more about Fernando, find his LinkedIn profile (where you'll find his interesting thoughts on legal standards) here: https://www.linkedin.com/in/fernando-castillo-de-la-torre-502aa617b/. All opinions expressed by Fernando on the episode are his own and in no way represent those of the European Commission. Throughout the episode, we mentioned a few landmark cases in the sphere of digital sphere, find them linked here (if you want to jump ahead to them):- 03:40, Microsoft case before the European Commission from the early 2000s: https://competition-cases.ec.europa.eu/cases/AT.37792.- 04:33, The European Commission's decision sanctioning Google for different types of conduct: 1) in 2017, the Google Shopping case: https://competition-cases.ec.europa.eu/cases/AT.39740; 2) in 2018, the Google Android case: https://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/cases/dec_docs/40099/40099_9993_3.pdf; and 3) in 2019, the Google AdSense case: https://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/cases/dec_docs/40411/40411_1619_11.pdf. - 04:37, The 2019 Expert report on competition policy for the digital markets: https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/21dc175c-7b76-11e9-9f05-01aa75ed71a1/language-en.- 04:46, Guidelines on the assessment of horizontal (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52004XC0205(02) and vertical (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52008XC1018(03) mergers, as issued in the early 2000s.- 05:17, The European Commission fining Facebook for tying its Facebook Marketplace services: https://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/cases1/202513/AT_40684_10582539_13405_4.pdf.- 07:00, Preliminary reference issued by the Court of Justice on Android Auto: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=295687&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=5995951.- 07:39, The Bronner case discussed in Android Auto: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?language=en&num=C-7/97.- 08:12, The European Commission's prohibition of Booking/eTraveli merger: https://competition-cases.ec.europa.eu/cases/M.10615.- 09:49, The European Commission's fining of Apple for abusive practices in the music streaming market: https://competition-cases.ec.europa.eu/cases/AT.40437.- 12:49, The General Court's issuing of its ruling relating to ByteDance's designation decision: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?num=T-1077/23.- 13:48, The President of the General Court's order surrounding ByteDance's request for interim measures: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=282703&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=17409413.- 16:02, Opera's challenge before the General Court on the non-designation of Microsoft's Edge: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ:C_202405640.To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.

In this episode of The Binary Agora, I discuss the Japanese Smartphone Software Competition Promotion Act (SSCPA), its objectives, compliance requirements, and implications for digital markets. The SSCPA aims to address issues similar to the European Digital Markets Act (DMA) but focuses specifically on smartphones. The presentation covers the regulatory framework established by the JFTC, the obligations imposed on specified software operators, and real-world examples of how these regulations may impact app distribution and competition.You'll find my co-authored piece in Kluwer Competition Law Blog here: https://legalblogs.wolterskluwer.com/competition-blog/the-japanese-smartphone-act-teaching-competition-law-new-tricks/. If you'd like to read more about the digital regulation, subscribe to The DMA Agora: https://www.linkedin.com/newsletters/the-dma-agora-7344021393451184128/.To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.________The Binary Agora is on social media, where we upload and comment on dedicated content only for our subscribers. Stay tuned there, as well.- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/thebinaryagora/posts/?feedView=all- BlueSky: https://bsky.app/profile/thebinaryagora.bsky.social- TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@thebinaryagora- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thebinaryagora/

In this conversation, Professor Pablo Ibáñez Colomo discusses the evolution of EU competition law, particularly in the context of the Digital Markets Act (DMA). He explores the shifting priorities in competition policy, the challenges posed by the digital era, and the implications of the DMA for competition law. The discussion highlights the balance between getting things right and getting things done, the regulatory challenges of the DMA, and the concepts of appropriability and contestability. The conversation concludes with reflections on the future of competition law and the potential for fragmentation in regulatory approaches.If you'd like to learn more about Prof. Ibáñez Colomo's thoughts, I recommend his blog Chillin' Competition, where he comments on recent (and not-so-recent) developments in the area of competition law: https://chillingcompetition.com/Throughout the episode, we have touched upon different materials and rulings that anyone with an interest in EU competition law as applied to the digital phenomenon should know about. Here's a list of them:- 00:46, Pablo's recent book (which we refer to throughout the episode and you'll find at the right corner of Pablo's screen), The New EU Competition Law: https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/new-eu-competition-law-9781782259152/.- 13:57, The European Commission's case under Article 102 TFEU relating to Apple's anti-steering clauses in the music streaming market: https://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/cases1/202419/AT_40437_10026012_3547_4.pdf.- 14:07, The European Commission's subsequent case under Article 5(4) DMA, again, on steering practices: https://ec.europa.eu/competition/digital_markets_act/cases/202523/DMA_100109_929.pdf.- 15:07, The European Commission's case under Article 5(2) DMA against Meta sanctioning its pay-or-consent model: https://ec.europa.eu/competition/digital_markets_act/cases/202525/DMA_100055_528.pdf.- 17:45, Carl Shapiro's paper on appropriability, innovation and contestability, 'Competition and Innovation: Did Arrow Hit the Bull's Eye?': https://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/arrow.pdf.- 20:16, The Importance of Appropriability in Competition Law with reference to cases from the Court of Justice, notably IMS Health (Case C-418/01): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=49104&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=2878791.- 20:22, The European Court of Justice's consolidation in its rulings on the so-called tension between IP law and competition law, notably Slovak Telekom (C-165/19P): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?language=en&td=ALL&num=C-165/19%20P.- 20:25, The European Court of Justice's preliminary ruling on Android Auto (Case C-233/23): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/liste.jsf?language=en&num=C-233.- 21:59, Case-by-case intervention of EU competition law on the degree of innovation introduced into the market as a means to balance appropriability vis-à-vis contestability, as set out by the European Court of Justice in its McGill case (Joined cases C-241/91 P and C-242/91 P): https://curia.europa.eu/juris/showPdf.jsf?text=&docid=98207&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=lst&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=2871668.To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.________The Binary Agora is on social media, where we upload and comment on dedicated content only for our subscribers. Stay tuned there, as well.- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/thebinaryagora/posts/?feedView=all- BlueSky: https://bsky.app/profile/thebinaryagora.bsky.social- TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@thebinaryagora- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thebinaryagora/

In this episode of The Binary Agora, host Alba engages with Shilpi Bhattacharya, to discuss the evolving landscape of legal tech and digital regulation, particularly in India. They explore significant recent developments in Indian competition law, focusing on two landmark cases involving app store distribution and WhatsApp's data sharing practices. The conversation delves into the implications of these cases for competition law, fairness, and the concept of ecosystems in digital markets, drawing parallels with global regulatory trends.If you're interested in following Shilpi's work: https://www.linkedin.com/in/shilpi-bhattacharya-468332148/We discussed a few cases relating to digital enforcement both in India and the EU. Skip to those moments directly (and find their references below): - 2:28, The CCI's order on the Google Play Store case relating to anti-steering, issued in 2022: https://cci.gov.in/images/pressrelease/en/pr-no-562022-231666698260.pdf.- 2:47, The Appellate Tribunal's ruling on the Google Play Store case: https://www.competitionlawyer.in/google-gets-some-relief-in-google-play-billing-case-in-appeal-nclats-reduces-penalties-and-rejects-ex-ante-regulation-by-cci/.- 9:41, Separate CCI investigation on whether Google's User Choice Billing System constitutes unfair pricing: https://www.business-standard.com/companies/news/cci-terms-google-s-new-billing-system-unfair-orders-investigation-124031501078_1.html.- 11:26, The European Commission's recent anti-steering case related to Apple: https://ec.europa.eu/competition/antitrust/cases1/202419/AT_40437_10026012_3547_4.pdf.- 11:54, The draft Digital Competition Bill proposed by the Indian Government: https://www.medianama.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/DRAFT-DIGITAL-COMPETITION-BILL-2024.pdf.- 17:35, Case brought by the German competition authority against Facebook for its processing practices: https://www.bundeskartellamt.de/SharedDocs/Entscheidung/EN/Fallberichte/Missbrauchsaufsicht/2024/B6-22-16.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=8.- 17:47, CCI's case against WhatsApp for its updated privacy policy: https://www.cci.gov.in/images/antitrustorder/en/order1732001619.pdf. - 18:34, Supreme Court of India's ruling on WhatsApp case relating to privacy and antitrust interface: https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2023/02/03/directed-whatsapp-to-widely-publicise-stand-that-its-users-in-india-do-not-have-to-accept-its-2021-privacy-policy-in-order-to-use-mobile-application/.- 19:09, Appellate Court's order to stay some parts of the CCI's decision on the WhatsApp case: https://legal.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/litigation/nclat-stays-cci-ban-on-whatsapp-data-sharing-experts-weigh-in/117562830.- 23:33, WhatsApp's announcement of its rolling out of Accounts Center to combine personal data across Meta platforms: https://about.fb.com/news/2025/01/whatsapp-joins-accounts-center/.- 24:23, Italian competition authority's case against Google for its aggressive commercial practices relating to data: https://en.agcm.it/en/media/press-releases/2021/11/PS11147-PS11150. - 30:41, Brazilian efforts to pass ex-ante regulation addressing digital markets: https://www.gov.br/participamaisbrasil/concorrencia-plataformas-digitais.To learn more about Dr. Alba Ribera Martínez and her research, we invite you to visit her website: https://www.albariberamartinez.com.She also writes, from time to time, in her newsletter, the DMA Agora, about the latest developments surrounding the European regulation: https://www.linkedin.com/build-relation/newsletter-follow?entityUrn=7344021393451184128.________The Binary Agora is on social media, where we upload and comment on dedicated content only for our subscribers. Stay tuned there, as well.- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/thebinaryagora/posts/?feedView=all- BlueSky: https://bsky.app/profile/thebinaryagora.bsky.social- TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@thebinaryagora- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thebinaryagora/