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The BrainFood Show episodes
- The U.S. Plan to Nuke the Moon, Why People Thought the Moon was Made of Cheese and Much More
In this episode of The Brain Food Show, we begin by discussing the first space walk in which the cosmonaut in question very nearly got stuck out there and his adventures thereafter. We then move on to discussing how the idea that the moon is made of green cheese got started.
Next up we discuss the late 1950s plan the United States had to nuke the moon, which interesting enough involved a young Carl Sagan. Failing in that endeavor we then look at that time the U.S. accidentally nuked Britain’s first satellite… That time the U.S. dropped four nuclear bombs on Spain accidentally, and then discuss the best thing that happened to Simon in the last year, which it turns out is not (apparently) getting married a couple weeks ago, but rather something else.
Also for reference, here is a picture of the Russian spacecraft mentioned in the episode and here is a link to the Tom Kirby song.
Sponsor: Incogni - Use code BRAINFOOD and get 60% off an annual plan using the link https://incogni.com/brainfoodLearn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
1 hr 26 min - The Classiest Plane Hijacking of All Time
At 9:15 A.M. on November 10, 1961, a Lockheed Super Constellation of Portugal’s TAP airlines lifted off from Casablanca, Morocco. Aboard were nineteen passengers - mostly American tourists - bound for Lisbon. The skies that day were clear, and the flight looked to be smooth and uneventful. But just 45 minutes after takeoff, the pilot, Captain José Siqueira Marcelin, felt the cold barrel of a gun pressed against the back of his neck. The gun’s owner, a 39-year-old antifascist terrorist named Hermino da Palma Inácio, ordered Captain Marcelin to divert and fly over the cities of Lisbon, Barreiro, Beja, and Faro. Marcelin protested, arguing that the plane did not have enough fuel. But Inácio, a pilot and onetime aircraft mechanic himself, wasn’t fooled, and after glancing at the flight plan determined that the diversion was indeed possible. Out of options, Captain Marcelin had no choice but to obey. While in the early 1960s aerial terrorism was still a relatively new phenomenon, nothing could have prepared Marcelin and his passengers for what happened next. This is the outlandish story of history’s classiest hijacking.
Author: Gilles MessierEditor: Daven HiskeyHost: Daven HiskeyProducer: Caden NielsenSponsor: Incogni - Use code BRAINFOOD and get 60% off an annual plan using the link https://incogni.com/brainfood
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20 min - Murphy’s Law in Action
It has been called the “silent service.” Since their introduction in the early 20th century, service aboard submarines has been among the deadliest military occupations, with a full 70% of German U-boat crews during WWII never returning from patrol. But the hazards faced by submariners go well beyond enemy guns, depth charges, and torpedoes; submarines are complex machines operating in an extremely hostile environment, and can prove just as deadly in peacetime as in war. So the crew of the British submarine HMS Thetis was to discover in June 1939 when a seemingly routine shakedown cruise ended in tragic accident where Murphy’s Law was proven an immutable rule of the universe. (By the way, if you’ve not seen our video on Who was the Murphy in Murphy’s Law, we strongly suggest you go watch it. Go ahead, we’ll wait. The man behind it, Dr. John Paul Stapp, is the unsung hero and saver of millions of lives since his incredibly badass work and balls of solid steel did what he did to give us Murphy’s Law.)
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15 min - How to Scratch an Itch in Space, the Surprisingly Long Time You Can Survive in Space Without a Spacesuit, Why the Apollo 13 Astronauts Got Cold, and Much, Much More
In this episode of The Brain Food Show, we begin by following up on a previous discussion on Daimler and what exactly a little girl named Mercedes had to do with things. We then jump into the surprisingly oft’ requested follow up on Simon’s first ranch dressing experience.
Next up we move into the meat of the episode, discussing how astronauts scratch an itch in their space suits, followed by looking at the surprisingly long time you can survive in space without a space suit or any other protection, with no long term damage.
During that discussion we get side tracked talking about why the Apollo 13 crew got so cold on their trip when space is not cold at all, but rather a great insulator, and why they didn’t simply put on their space suits to keep warm.
We then discuss at length the amazingly fascinating way in which airline planes get oxygen to passengers when there is no central oxygen store aboard the plane, outside of the pilot’s emergency supply. Then we look at the equally interesting way in which they get oxygen to passengers when there is a loss of cabin pressure- again, given there is no central oxygen store aboard the plane for passengers.
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1 hr 21 min - The Incredible Black Arrow Rocket
When it comes to technological achievement and national prestige, few feats can compare to launching a satellite into space. Since the Soviet Union launched the world’s first satellite, Sputnik I, on October 4, 1957, 11 other government bodies have developed indigenous orbital launch capability: the United States, France, Japan, China, India, Israel, Ukraine, Iran, North Korea, South Korea, and a group of 22 nations represented by the European Space Agency. Conspicuously absent from the list is the United Kingdom, which in the late 1960s succeeded in developing this capability only to immediately abandon it. This is the story of the tragically brief British space program.
At the end of the Second World War, Britain was well-positioned to start its own advanced rocketry program. Like the United States and the Soviet Union, the victorious ally had captured dozens of the German V2 rockets which had rained down on Southern England and Belgium at the end of the war - along with many of the scientists and technicians who had built and fired them. In October 1945, the British Army launched Operation Backfire, in which three captured V2s were assembled, launched, and filmed near Cuxhaven in Northern Germany. These experiments gave the British a wealth of knowledge and experience on the workings of the German terror weapon. One year later, on December 23, 1946, R.A. Smith and H.E. Ross of the British Interplanetary Society submitted to the Ministry of Supply a design for a modified V2 that could carry a man into space. Their concept replaced the rocket’s one-ton explosive warhead with a pressurized capsule that would detach at apogee and parachute to earth. Alas Britain, shattered both physically and financially by the war, could not afford to fund such a project, and all plans for military and civilian rocketry were quietly shelved...Author: Gilles MessierEditor: Daven HiskeyHost: Simon WhistlerProducer: Samuel AvilaSponsor: Incogni - Use code BRAINFOOD and get 60% off an annual plan using the link https://incogni.com/brainfood
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19 min - The Junior High Dropout That Created Dunkin' Donuts
In 1847 at the tender age of 16, seaman Hanson Gregory looked at some frying dough and said, “Everything is better with holes”… except his ship hull probably… and created the staple of breakfasts the diabetes lovin’ world over- the doughnut! Or so the story goes anyway. In truth, Captain Gregory’s account of how and why he supposedly invented the doughnut varied over time, and despite a statue being made of him in Rockport, Maine in 1947 commemorating his fried genius, nobody really knows where the holed doughnut came from. Some, including Captain Gregory, claim putting the hole in it makes it so you don’t get a mouthful of grease when you eat the center, but plenty of doughnuts exist that have no holes with no such issue. And people have been frying up such cakes for millennia with no apparent inclination to take the center out, except for occasionally to replace it with things like fruit and other fillings.
Nevertheless, it was in the late 19th and early 20th century that suddenly many decided a hole should be present in such fried dough. As to why, the timing of the change gives arguably the best hypothesis, or at least potentially why it became popular. Around the same time doughnuts with holes first popped up in New York City, bagels were also becoming very popular in the same place and were commonly put on display and sold stacked on wooden dowels. Thus, it is sometimes hypothesized that bakers in New York first got the bright idea to put holes in the dough before frying when one or more of them thought to sell the doughnuts in the same way as bagels- on dowels, which saved display space and, perhaps more significantly, made it easier to sell en masse on street corners. With this hypothesis, making more evenly fried dough may or may not have come into play.Whatever the case, this holey fried dough rapidly gained in popularity in the early 20th century, particularly receiving a huge boost thanks to WWI and soldiers’ love of them in the trenches.This all leads us to the topic of today- that time a Jr High dropout might as well have put a hole in people’s pockets with how fast they started throwing money at him when he created one of the most successful franchise businesses in history- The Open Kettle…Author: Daven HiskeyHost: Simon WhistlerProducer: Samuel AvilaSponsor: Incogni - Use code BRAINFOOD and get 60% off an annual plan using the link https://incogni.com/brainfood
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14 min - Inventing Color in a World That was Black and White
When we think of the past prior to the 1960s or so, we tend to picture it in black and white. Much of the visual media of this period - including still photographs to films to television - was rendered in shades of grey, making relatively recent history seem that much more distant and alien. But colour photography did exist in the first half of the 20th Century; just think of classic films like The Wizard of Oz, released in 1939. But if this technology existed, why wasn’t it more common? And who first figured out how to capture the world in full living colour? Well, prepare to go from sepia to technicolour like Dorothy as we dive into the fascinating - and surprisingly long - history of colour photography.
Throughout the black-and-white photography era, people added colour to photographs and film by hand-tinting them with paint and ink. However, the development of true colour photography required a scientific understanding of how humans perceive colour. In 1850, German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz developed the trichromatic theory of vision, which postulated that the human eye contained three different kinds of light receptors - today known as cone cells - each sensitive to one of three colours: red, blue, and green. In 1861, English photographer Thomas Sutton, working with Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell, applied Helmholtz’s theories to create history’s first colour photograph. Sutton took three separate photographs of a tartan ribbon through a red, blue, and green filter, then converted these photographs into slides and projected them back through their respective filters, the three slides combining to create a full colour photograph. Though this image could not be fixed on a physical medium, Maxwell’s demonstration nonetheless pioneered the additive colour process, which would form the basis of colour photography for the next few decades.Shortly after Sutton’s experiment, French physicist...Author: Gilles MessierEditor: Daven HiskeyProducer: Caden NielsenHost: Simon WhistlerSponsor: Incogni - Use code BRAINFOOD and get 60% off an annual plan using the link https://incogni.com/brainfood
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19 min - How Astronauts Go to the Bathroom in Space and How Women Can Safely Pee Standing Up
In this episode of The Brain Food Show, we begin by following up on a previous discussion on what the first good movie based on a computer game was. We then jump right into the various ways in which astronauts have managed their necessary expulsions over the years and some hilarious stories and interesting related facts that go along with that, including the teased Apollo 10 incident from The Final Frontier Part 1.
We then discuss the lost skill of women peeing standing up without getting any pee on themselves or their underwear in the process, and how exactly this is done with no equipment required.
Sponsor: Incogni - Use code BRAINFOOD and get 60% off an annual plan using the link https://incogni.com/brainfood
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1 hr 15 min - How They Ruined Superhero Movies
“In mutant heaven there are no pearly gates, but instead revolving doors.” - Professor X
In the realm of comic books, the rules of the respective universe you’re reading about tend to differ wildly from the rules of our own. Besides the obvious thing of the world of say Marvel or DC being populated with virtual gods, iron plated dictators who sit atop flying laser thrones and a CEO who beats up criminals in a billion-dollar ninja-themed fur suit, problems in these universes sort of seem to just, go away.
Property damage, the judicial process and paper works are just a handful examples of things that don’t particularly seem to matter in comics and as a result, are rarely dwelled upon. There are exceptions of course, but for the most part the stories told by comics are allegorical so such details don’t really matter. Perhaps the most unusual reality of life comics have made a habit of sidestepping though is the idea of death, which is often portrayed as being about as much of an inconvenience to a comic character as an out of office hours work email. A trope so common even the characters in these stories have started to call it out.
Now, to begin with, think of a comic character. Do you have one in mind? Good. Okay so there’s a good chance that, at some point, that character has died, been buried, mourned and memorialised before springing back to life to continue slapping aside criminals and supervillains in form-fitting spandex as if nothing happened. And if they haven’t “died” there’s a good chance they were presumed dead after an explosion or something and then came back as if nothing had happened.
Starting with some of the heavier hitters from the DC side we have Batman, Superman, Wonder Woman, Green Lantern, The Flash, Martian Manhunter, Green Arrow and Robin. All of whom, at some point in their comic history have “died” and then came back.
Author: Karl Smallwood
Editor: Daven Hiskey
Producer: Samuel Avila
Host: Simon Whistler
Sponsor: Incogni - Use code BRAINFOOD and get 60% off an annual plan using the link https://incogni.com/brainfood
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19 min - Britain's Most Disastrous "White Elephant" Airliner
On April 27, 2005, the gigantic Airbus A380 airliner took to the skies for the first time, lifting off from Toulouse-Blagnac Airport with test pilot Jacques Rosay at the controls. At that moment the A380, weighing more than 500 tonnes and capable of carrying up to 853 passengers, became the largest commercial airliner ever to fly, dethroning the previous record holder, the venerable Boeing 747 Jumbo Jet. But while such giants might seem like products of the jet age, the dream of enormous ocean liners in the sky has been around for a lot longer. In the years immediately following the Second World War, Britain set out to build a truly gargantuan airliner, with which it hoped to revolutionize air travel and knit its crumbling empire together. Instead, the project turned out to be a technological dead end and a costly white elephant. This is the story of the Bristol Brabazon.
In 1942, the British Government began thinking ahead to the future of the British aviation industry. The demands of war had forced the British to cancel pre-war airliner projects and devote its wartime production capacity to building combat aircraft like fighters and bombers. As a result, nearly all transport aircraft used by British forces during the war were American designs like the Douglas DC-3. Even Britain’s national air carrier, the British Overseas Airways Corporation or BOAC, was forced to fill out its fleet with American aircraft like the Boeing 314 flying boat. This state of affairs, the Government realized, would leave British aviation at a serious disadvantage once the war ended - as a December 24, 1942 article in Flight magazine opined:“The whole British Empire at the present time has an operational fleet of transport aircraft, comprising conversions, makeshifts and cast-offs, totally inadequate to represent the Empire in serving the air routes of the world in the peace to come. Have we to rely upon other nations to do it for us? The British aircraft industry is equal to the task. The Government should decide this vital question at once.”Author: Gilles MessierProducer: Samuel AvilaEditor: Daven HiskeyHost: Simon WhistlerSponsor: Incogni - Use code BRAINFOOD and get 60% off an annual plan using the link https://incogni.com/brainfood
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22 min
About The BrainFood Show
From the publisher's feed
In this show, the team behind the wildly popular TodayIFoundOut YouTube channel do deep dives into a variety of fascinating topics to help you feed your brain with interesting knowledge.