The daily Hayom Yom with Rabbi Yosef Katzman

The 1st day of the Festival of Matzos

לְמָרוֹר וַחֲזֶרֶת - הֵן חְרֵיין וְהֵן סאַלאַט

Horseradish and romaine lettuce are both used for both the maror and the chazeres.

קִדּוּשׁ בַּעֲמִידָה

Kiddush is recited while standing.

הֵא לַחְמָא - הַהֵא בְּצֵירֵי

The first word in the phrase Hei lachma anya is vocalized with a tzeirei [rather than a kamatz].

בְּבִרְכַּת אֲכִילַת מָרוֹר מְכַוְנִים גַּם עַל מָרוֹר שֶׁבַּכּוֹרֵךְ

When reciting the blessing al achilas maror, one should also have in mind the maror in the korech.

בַּסֵּדֶר הָרִאשׁוֹן הָיָה אַאַמוּ"ר מְקַצֵר בִּכְדֵי לֶאֱכוֹל הָאֲפִיקוֹמָן לִפְנֵי חֲצוֹת

During the first Seder, my revered father, the Rebbe [Rashab], would limit [his oral commentary on the Haggadah], so that the Afikoman could be eaten before midnight.

אֲבָל בַּשֵּׁנִי הָיָה מַאֲרִיךְ

On the second night, by contrast, he would elaborate.

מַתְחִיל לִפְנֵי שָׁעָה ט וְגוֹמְרוֹ בְּשָׁעָה ג-ד אַחַר חֲצוֹת

[The second Seder] would begin before 9 p.m. and conclude between 3 and 4 a.m.

וְהָיָה מַאֲרִיךְ בְּבֵיאוּר הַהַגָּדָה

He would explain the Haggadah at length.

אַדְמוּ"ר הַזָּקֵן אָמַר

The Alter Rebbe once said:

מֵיכְלָא דִמְהֵימְנוּתָא — לַיְלָה הָרִאשׁוֹן

“On the first night, matzah is ‘the bread of faith.’

מֵיכְלָא דְאַסְוָתָא — לַיְלָה הַשֵּׁנִי

On the second night, it is ‘the bread of healing.’

אַז דִי רְפוּאָה בְּרֵיינְגט דִי אֱמוּנָה

When healing leads to faith,

וואָס עֶר זאָגט אַ דאַנק דִיר ג-ט פאַר מַיין רְפוּאָה

in that a person says, ‘I thank You, G‑d, for my recovery,’

אִיז עֶר דאָך געֶוועֶן קראַנק

he was, nevertheless, sick.

אָבּעֶר אַז דִי אֱמוּנָה בְּרֵיינְגט דִי רְפוּאָה

But when faith generates healing,

אִיז מעֶן לְכַתְּחִלָּה נִיט קְראַנק

a person is not sick in the first place.”

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

בְּדִיקַת חָמֵץ אַחַר תְּפִלַּת עַרְבִית

The search for chametz takes place after the Evening Service.

בְּבֵית רַבֵּנוּ נוֹהֲגִים שֶׁלֹּא לַעֲשׂוֹת אֶת הָרַב לְמוּרְשֶׁה

In the household of the Rebbe, it was customary not to appoint the rav as an agent to sell the chametz,

אֶלָּא לִמְכּוֹר לוֹ אֶת הֶחָמֵץ וּבְעָרֵב קַבְּלָן

but rather to sell him the chametz, [confirming the transaction even in such a case by] a fully-responsible guarantor.

בַּאֲפִיַּת הַשְּׁמוּרָה עֶרֶב פֶּסַח אַחַר חֲצוֹת, הָיָה אַאַמוּ"ר נוֹכֵחַ

My revered father, the Rebbe [Rashab], used to be present when the shemurah-matzah was baked after midday on the eve of Pesach.

וְאוֹמֵר גַּם כֵּן הַלֵּל

He would join in the Hallel [that is customarily recited at that time],

וְהָיָה מַפְסִיק — גַּם בְּאֶמְצַע פֶּרֶק

but would interrupt his recitation — even in the midst of a chapter —

לְהוֹרוֹת בְּהַנּוֹגֵעַ לְהַלִּישָׁה, אֲפִיָּה וּכְהַאי גַּוְנָא

to give directions regarding the kneading, the baking, and the like.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

הִלּוּלָא שֶׁל כְּבוֹד קְדוּשַּׁת הַצֶּמַח צֶדֶק.

[This date is] the anniversary of the passing of the Rebbe, the Tzemach Tzedek,

נִסְתַּלֵּק שְׁנַת תּרכ"ו בְּליוּבּאַוִויטְש, וְשָׁם מְנוּחָתוֹ כָּבוֹד

who passed away in 5626 (1866) in Lubavitch and was brought to rest there.

מִסִּפּוּרֵי אַאַזְמוּ"ר

My revered grandfather, [the Rebbe Maharash,] related

הַצֶּמַח צֶדֶק הִתְחִיל לִכְתּוֹב נִגְלָה וְדִבְרֵי אֱלֹקִים חַיִּים בִּהְיוֹתוֹ בֶּן שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה

that [his father,] the Tzemach Tzedek, began writing [his novellae on] nigleh and Chassidus when he was twelve years old.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

הפטורה: וְאַרְבָּעָה אֲנָשִׁים

[On Shabbos Parshas Metzora], the haftarah begins Ve’arbaah anashim (II Melachim 7:3-20).

בְּמִנְחָה: עֲבָדִים הָיִינוּ

[On Shabbos HaGadol, after] Minchah, [we read part of the Haggadah, from] Avadim hayinu [until lechaper al kol avonoseinu].

מִזְּמַן יְצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם נִקְרְאוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל צִבְאוֹת ה

Ever since the time of the Exodus from Egypt, the Jewish people have been called Tzivos HaShem, “G‑d’s army.”

הַהֶפְרֵשׁ בֵּין עֲבָדִים — שֶׁנִּקְרְאוּ כֵן בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל — וּצְבָאוֹת הוּא

The Jewish people are [also] called servants. The difference between servants and an army [can be explained as follows]:

עֶבֶד עוֹשֶׂה עֲבוֹדַת רַבּוֹ — וּבָזֶה כַּמָּה דַּרְגוֹת

A servant performs work for his master on various levels —

נוֹקֵב מַרְגָּלִיּוֹת, עוֹשֶׂה שְׁאָר מְלָאכוֹת, עוֹשֶׂה מְלָאכוֹת פְּשׁוּטוֹת

one pierces pearls, one works in other crafts, another carries out unskilled tasks.

וְיֵשׁ בָּזֶה יְגִיעָה וְעָמָל רַב, אֲבָל אֵין זֶה עִנְיָן שֶׁל מְסִירַת נֶפֶשׁ

These involve considerable labor and effort, but no element of self-sacrifice.

צָבָא הֵם עֲבָדִים שֶׁעוֹבְדִים בִּיגִיעָה רַבָּה וְעָמָל וּבִמְסִירַת נֶפֶשׁ

An army, by contrast, is comprised of subjects who expend toil and exertion and self-sacrifice,

הֵן בְּמִלְחֶמֶת הֲגָנָה וְהֵן בְּמִלְחֶמֶת תְּנוּפָה

whether in a defensive war or an offensive one.

וְעוֹמְדִים עַל מִשְׁמַרְתָּם בְּתַכְלִית הַתּוֹקֶף מִבְּלִי הִתְפָּעֵל מֵהַמְּנַגֵּד וְשׂוֹנֵא

[Soldiers] discharge their duties with utter resoluteness, unperturbed by their opponents and enemies.

וַעֲבוֹדָתָם זוֹ אֵינָהּ עִנְיָן שֶׁל הֲשָּׂגָה, כִּי הֵם מִתְנַהֲגִים עַל פִּי הוֹרָאַת מַצְבִּיאָם

Their service does not depend on [their] understanding, for they follow the orders of their commanders.

וְהִנֵּה נִשְׁמוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמִצְרַיִם הָיוּ בְּתַכְלִית הַשִּׁפְלוּת בְּעִינּוּיִם קָשִׁים וּמָרִים

In Egypt, the souls of the Jewish people were on the lowest of levels, [due to] the harsh and bitter afflictions.

וְעִם זֶה לֹא שִׁנּוּ שְׁמָם וּלְשׁוֹנָם וּלְבוּשֵׁיהֶם

Nevertheless, they did not change their names, language, or dress.

וְעָמְדוּ עַל מִשְׁמַרְתָּם בְּתַכְלִית הַחוֹזֶק

On the contrary, they held their ground with the utmost tenacity,

כִּי יָדְעוּ שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא הִבְטִיחַ לִגְאוֹל אוֹתָם

for they knew that G‑d had promised to redeem them.

וְהַמִּתְנַהֵג כָּזֶה בְּמַצָּב זֶה הוּא מִצְּבָא ה

A person who conducts himself thus in a similar situation is a member of G‑d’s army.

דְּה' עוֹזְרוֹ בְּדֶרֶךְ מִלְמַעְלָה מִן הַטֶּבַע בַּטֶבַע

G‑d helps him in a way that transcends nature, but [that is vested] within nature.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

בְּיוֹם הַהוּלֶּדֶת

On one’s birthday

עַל הָאָדָם לְהִתְבּוֹדֵד

one should spend some time in seclusion,

וּלְהַעֲלוֹת זִכְרוֹנוֹתָיו וּלְהִתְבּוֹנֵן בָּהֶם

bringing to mind recollections from the past and pondering over them.

וְהַצְּרִיכִים תִּקּוּן וּתְשׁוּבָה יָשׁוּב וִיתַקְּנֵם

As to those [of his bygone actions] that call for rectification or repentance, one should repent and rectify them.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

בִּדְבַר הַתַּעֲמוּלָה בְּעִנְיַן טַהֲרַת הַמִּשְׁפָּחָה בְּמוֹשָׁבוֹ

Regarding efforts [to increase the observance of] taharas hamishpachah in your locale,

יִתְבּוֹנֵן בָּזֶה

contemplate on this:

אִילּוּ יְצוּיָּר, אֲשֶׁר ה' אִנָּה לְיָדוֹ לְהַצִּיל מוֹשַׁב יְהוּדִים מִכִּלָּיוֹן, רַחֲמָנָא לִצְלַן

If G‑d enabled you to save an entire Jewish community from destruction,

הִנֵּה בֶּטַח הָיָה מוֹסֵר נַפְשׁוֹ עַל זֶה

you would certainly be willing to sacrifice your life to do so.

וְהָיָה מְהַלֵּל וּמְשַׁבֵּחַ אֶת הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרֵךְ, עַל גּוֹדֶל הַחֶסֶד לְזַכּוֹתוֹ בִּזְכוּת גָּדוֹל כָּזֶה

Moreover, you would praise and laud Him for His kindness in granting you this great merit.

כֵּן וְיוֹתֵר מִכֵּן הִיא תַּעֲמוּלָה זוֹ

Now, such a merit, and even greater than that, is accrued by popularizing the laws of family purity.

שֶׁהִיא הַצָּלַת נְפָשׁוֹת מַמָּשׁ

This actually saves lives.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

נִיט הַייזעֶר אוּן געֶלְד אִיז דעֶר אִידִישׁעֶר רַייכְטוּם

Jewish wealth is not houses and money.

דעֶר אִידִישׁעֶר אֵייבִּיקעֶר רַייכְטוּם אִיז

Jewish wealth, which is eternal, is

אַז מעֶן אִיז אִידעֶן וואָס הִיטעֶן אָפּ תּוֹרָה אוּן מִצְוֹת

the observance of Torah and mitzvos,

אוּן מְ'בְּרֵיינגְט אוֹיף דעֶר וועֶלְט קִינְדעֶר אוּן אֵיינִיקְלאַך

and bringing children and grandchildren into the world

וואָס הִיטעֶן אָפּ תּוֹרָה אוּן מִצְוֹת

who will observe the Torah and its mitzvos.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

כָּל נְשָׁמָה יֵשׁ לָהּ עֲבוֹדָה פְּרָטִית בְּמוֹחִין וּמִדּוֹת כְּפִי טִבְעָהּ וְעִנְיָנָהּ

Every soul has its own [designated] Divine service in the realm of intellect and emotion, each according to its nature and disposition.

וּכְתִיב מֵאוֹיְבַי תְּחַכְּמֵנִי

It is written, “Make me wise from my enemies” —

מֵהַהֲטָיוֹת הָרָעוֹת שֶׁמַּרְגִּישׁ בְּמִדּוֹתָיו הַטִּבְעִיּוֹת

that is, from the negative leanings that a person senses in his own undeveloped character traits,

מִזֶּה מִתְחַכֵּם וְיוֹדֵעַ אֵיךְ לְכַלְכֵּל תִּקּוּן מִדּוֹתָיו

he can gain wisdom and know how to tackle his tasks of self-refinement,

וְשִׁעְבּוּד הַכֹּחוֹת שֶׁלּוֹ בַּעֲבוֹדַת הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרֵךְ

and how to harness his personal strengths to G‑d’s service.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

נוּסַח וַיְהִי בִּנְסוֹעַ: וְכִרְצוֹן כָּל עַמְּךָ בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל

In the passage [Al Hakol… recited after] Vayehi binso’a haaron [when the Torah is taken out on Shabbos and Yom-Tov], the wording is vechirtzon kol amcha beis Yisrael.

כִּנּוּי מִשְׁפָּחָה שֶׁל רַבֵּנוּ הַזָּקֵן: בָּרוּכאָווִיטְשׁ

The Alter Rebbe’s family name was Baruchovitch;

כִּנּוּי מִשְׁפָּחָה שֶׁל בְּנוֹ אַדְמוּ"ר הָאֶמְצָעִי: שְׁנֵיאוּרִי

the family name of his son, the Mitteler Rebbe, was Shneuri;

כִּנּוּי מִשְׁפָּחָה שֶׁל הַצֶּמַח צֶדֶק: שְׁנֵיאוֹרְסאָהְן

the family name of the Tzemach Tzedek was Schneerson.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]

הַנִּסָּיוֹן הֶרְאָה

Experience has shown

אֲשֶׁר כְּשֶׁמְּמַעְטִים בַּחֲקִירוֹת

that when one limits his speculation [about what to do]

וְעוֹבְדִים בְּסֵדֶר וּבְתוֹקֶף

and works instead in a structured and determined way,

עַל פִּי הַנְּעִימוּת שֶׁל תּוֹרָה

[but simultaneously] according to the Torah’s pleasant ways —

יָמִין מְקָרֶבֶת וּשְׂמֹאל דּוֹחָה

“the right hand draws near, while the left hand parries” —

אֲזַי פּוֹעֲלִים בְּוַדַּאי

he will certainly have an effect [on others].

וּבִּפְרָט בָּעִנְיָנִים הָעִיקָּרִים מֵעִקְּרֵי הַדָּת

This is particularly true with regard to [communicating] the fundamental principles of our faith.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English

For questions and follow-up: [email protected]