Episode 189: Starting in 1963 and stretching over the next seven years, a militant French separatist group called the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) terrorized La Belle Province. Their aim was to overthrow the Quebec government and leave Canada creating an independent Marxist- Leninist Quebec state. By 1970 the group had committed more than 200 violent criminal and terroristic acts including, bombings and high profile kidnappings. The group’s activities ultimately claimed the lives of eight people, including a Quebec provincial cabinet minister, and injured many more, before then Prime Minister, Pierre Elliot Trudeau, finding himself out of options, enacted the 1914 War Measures act to stem the violence of the October Crisis of 1970.

Sources:

Timeline of the Front de libération du Québec - Wikipedia

CBC Archives — What is the FLQ?

Web Archive | McGill.ca — October Crisis 1970

October Crisis - Canada’s Human Rights History

FLQ (FRONT DE LIBERATION DU QUEBEC) - SEVEN YEARS OF TERRORISM | Office of Justice Programs

The Making of the October Crisis: Canada’s Long Nightmare of Terrorism at the Hands of the FLQ by D’Arcy Jenish

Read Hostages Online by Gordon Kerr | Books

Read Terror Threat Online by Dwight Hamilton and Kostas Rimsa | Books

Read The Night Canada Stood Still Online by Robert Wright | Books

Read Trudeaumania Online by Robert Wright | Books

Read October Crisis: 50 Years After A Bloody Spasm That Nearly Tore Canada Apart

DEMOCRACY VERSUS TERRORISM: FLQ TERRORISM IN QUEBEC, A CASE STUDY on JSTOR

The Terrorist Activities of the Front de Liberation du Quebec (FLQ) - The Beginning of a New Era

Pierre Vallières (1937-1998) - The Beginning of a New Era

Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) | The Canadian Encyclopedia

THE FLQ: THE LIFE AND TIMES OF A TERRORIST ORGANIZATION by Lorne Weston

The FLQ Crisis – VALOUR CANADA

Summary · Task Force on Kidnapping: The Department of External Affairs’ Files on the October Crisis · Canada Declassified

« Front de libération du Québec (FLQ)» : tous nos articles | Le Devoir

Pierre Laporte - Wikipedia

James Cross - Wikipedia

François Schirm — Wikipédia

Edmond Guénette — Wikipédia

Commission of Inquiry Concerning Certain Activities of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police

Royal Commission of Inquiry into Certain Activities of the RCMP - Wikipedia

October Crisis: Who was Pierre Laporte, really? | Montreal Gazette

La police connaissait les ravisseurs de Cross et Laporte | Radio-Canada.ca

Global News — Search: FLQ

Canada - The Trudeau years, 1968–84 | Britannica

Regina v. Vallieres, 1969 CanLII 1000 (QC CA), <https://canlii.ca/t/hv0p9>

Regina v. Vallieres, 1973 CanLII 1418 (QC CA), <https://canlii.ca/t/htwgv>

R. v. Cossette-Trudel, 1979 CanLII 2876 (QC CQ), <https://canlii.ca/t/gbz8c>

The Quiet Revolution

Chronology of the October Crisis, 1970, and its Aftermath - Quebec History

Message of the FLQ to the Nation 1963

YouTube — Trudeau: Just watch me

Just watch me - Wikipedia

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