The Historians

The Historians

By Bob CudmoreSociety & CultureHistory
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The Historians episodes

  • Saturday and Sunday/The Historians

    The Historians Podcast yearly fund drive is underway. Please help us reach our $6000 goal this year.  You can donate online here- https://www.gofundme.com/f/the-historians-podcast-2022   Or send a check made out to Bob Cudmore to 125 Horstman Drive, Scotia, NY 12302.

    HAL

    And after a two year hiatus, we've done it.  We've resurrected our most popular HAL event, Ghosts of the Past.  This year's guided walking evening tours of Green Hill cemetery to meet some of its "permanent residents" and hear their stories and what their Amsterdam was like will be held on Friday, October 14 and Saturday, October 15, 2022

    http://www.historicamsterdam.org/

    Saturday, October 8, Episode 252-Pulitzer Prize finalist Nick Bunker discusses his book, “Young Benjamin Franklin: The Birth of Ingenuity.”

    From his early career as a printer and journalist to his scientific work and his role as a founder of a new republic, Benjamin Franklin has always seemed the inevitable embodiment of American ingenuity. But in his youth, he had to make his way through a harsh colonial world, where he fought many battles with his rivals, but also with his wayward emotions. Taking Franklin to the age of 41, when he made his first electrical discoveries, Bunker goes behind the legend to reveal the sources of his passion for knowledge.

    Amsterdam Radio Today at 12:05 and 12:35, two episodes of The Historians Podcast on the air

    106.9FM and 1490AM

    Tomorrow, they were looking for locations

    Sunday, October 9, Focus on History from Daily Gazette and Amsterdam Recorder. Filmmakers linked to Ken Burns scouting the Mohawk Valley

    ...back in September

    A three-person Florentine Films video crew spent time in the Mohawk Valley in early September scouting locations and shooting video for possible use in a historical documentary film series on the American Revolution.

    Episode 443-How to write historical fiction with Alyson Richman, co-author with Shaunna Edwards of “The Thread Collectors,” a Civil War novel.

    Mohawk Valley Weekend Weather, Saturday, October 8, 2022

    Saturday will be cool and brisk, with gusty westerly to
    northwesterly winds, temperatures 5-10 degrees below normal values,
    and largely dry weather outside of scattered lake-enhanced showers
    in the southwestern Adirondacks. Temperatures moderate, but remain
    below average with cold nighttime lows through the holiday weekend
    with scattered showers persisting north of I-90.
    Mostly sunny, with a high near 54. West wind 6 to 13 mph, with gusts as high as 23 mph.
    Tonight
    Mostly clear, with a low around 37. Southwest wind around 6 mph.
    Sunday
    A slight chance of showers after 2pm. Mostly sunny, with a high near 60. Southwest wind 5 to 14 mph. Chance of precipitation is 20%.
     
    Mohawk Valley News Headlines, Saturday, October 8, 2022
     
    Daily Gazette
     
    Seized Mayfield animals now up for adoption
    MAYFIELD — Three dozen animals seized from a Mayfield property in July will be forfeited to humane societies after their…
     
    https://dailygazette.com/
     
    RecorderNews
     
    Montgomery County mulls county-run tourism bureau

    https://www.recordernews.com/

    Leader Herald

    Make Us A Part Of Your Day

    https://www.leaderherald.com/

    9 min
  • It was 9:45PM on a Wednesday

    This Sunday, October 9, Focus on History from Daily Gazette and Amsterdam Recorder. Filmmakers linked to Ken Burns scouting the Mohawk Valley...

    A three-person Florentine Films video crew spent time in the Mohawk Valley in early September scouting locations and shooting video for possible use in a historical documentary film series on the American Revolution.

      Florentine, based in New Hampshire, is the production company affiliated with Ken Burns that has created PBS documentary series including the Civil War.

    ..from The Bob Cudmore laptop that is so old, the letter "E" does not work, but it completes the assignment

    The crew from the Amsterdam crash was lucky to survive.  Laura Hillenbrand in her book “Unbroken” wrote of World War II, “Some 15,000 airmen died in accidental crashes stateside.”

    Wartime plane crash in Amsterdam

    By Bob Cudmore

    It was 9:45 p.m. on Wednesday, October 13 1943 when a twin-engine American Army plane crashed in a rural section of Amsterdam’s South Side as the plane’s four-man crew parachuted to safety in the city’s Fifth Ward.  Remarkably, there were no injuries.  The plane was on a flight between Rome and Schenectady when its engines went out.

    Fireman Frank Mazur, standing outside the Central Fire Station at West Main and Pearl Streets, heard an airplane engine sputtering and saw the tail light descending rapidly toward the South Side.  Firefighters, cops and ambulances scrambled to the scene.  The plane went down either in the vicinity of today’s Route 5-S or New York State Thruway.  The Army and State Police guarded the accident scene during the night, keeping crowds of spectators away.

    Captain John F. Pope, the last to exit the plane at about 500 feet, was found wandering on DeWitt Street.  He apparently had landed on the roof of popular Fifth Ward Alderman Angelo Sardonia’s house or on the nearby porch of Charles Frohlich.  Accounts differ.  The other three crew members landed safely in the vicinity of the Fifth Ward School on Perkins Street. The plane’s exit door from which they escaped was found on Eagle Street in the city's East End.

    Captain Pope of Montgomery, Alabama and Lieutenant Charles Thompson of Schenectady, another member of the crew, were decorated combat veterans from the North Africa campaign. Thompson had been in a plane shot down 45 miles behind the German lines, but Thompson and his men found their way back to allied territory.  The two other soldiers in the Amsterdam crash were Sergeant Joseph Bragdon of York Village, Maine and Sergeant Albert Finarelli of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

    The Recorder reported of Captain Pope, "He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross and the Air Medal, with several oak leaf clusters, but it remained for Amsterdam to hold the distinction of being the first place over which he bailed out of a plane."

    Captain Pope lost his beat-up old hat in the parachute jump into Amsterdam, a hat that had been with him in England, Ireland, Scotland, Gibraltar and all over North Africa in his 108 combat missions. Fortunately, Fifth Ward School second grader Peter Marcucio, celebrating his seventh birthday, and his friend Robert Selbert found the hat and were rewarded with junior sets of pilot's wings later that month.

    In a letter to Marcucio, Captain Pope wrote, “As you know, the hat wasn't very good, but it carries a lot of memories with it that make it priceless to me.”

    The flight had originated at the relatively new Rome Air Depot, created in November 1942.  The facility became Griffiss Air Force Base after the war in 1948. 

    Amsterdam city historian Robert von Hasseln said the plane likely was on a check flight testing repairs to the aircraft or engines before returning it to an operational command. 

    Von Hasseln said the type of plane that crashed is not certain, but probably it was a B-25 Mitchell, although it could have also been an A-20, B-26 or another type.  The Mitchell was named in honor of aviation pioneer Billy Mitchell.

    The crew from the Amsterdam crash was lucky to survive.  Laura Hillenbrand in her book “Unbroken” wrote of World War II, “Some 15,000 airmen died in accidental crashes stateside.”

    Thanks to Al Mancini of Amsterdam for suggesting this story.  Much of the information came from attorney Bob Going.  The story of the plane crash will be part of Going’s book on Amsterdam in World War II called “Where Do We Find Such Men?”  The book will be published later this year. 

    Tomorrow, Friday, October 7, 2022

    1863: In a small Creole cottage in New Orleans, an ingenious young Black woman named Stella embroiders intricate maps on repurposed cloth to help enslaved men flee and join the Union Army. Bound to a man who would kill her if he knew of her clandestine activities, Stella has to hide not only her efforts but her love for William, a Black soldier and a brilliant musician.

    Episode 443

    How to write historical fiction with Alyson Richman, co-author with Shaunna Edwards of “The Thread Collectors,” a Civil War novel.

    Saturday, October 8, 2022-Pulitzer Prize finalist Nick Bunker discusses his book, “Young Benjamin Franklin: The Birth of Ingenuity.”

    In this new account of Franklin's early life, Pulitzer finalist Nick Bunker portrays him as a complex, driven young man who elbows his way to success.

    From his early career as a printer and journalist to his scientific work and his role as a founder of a new republic, Benjamin Franklin has always seemed the inevitable embodiment of American ingenuity. But in his youth, he had to make his way through a harsh colonial world, where he fought many battles with his rivals, but also with his wayward emotions

    Mohawk Valley Weather, Thursday, October 6, 2022

    Morning fog and low clouds will give way to plenty of
    sunshine for today, along with a mild afternoon. An approaching
    frontal boundary will bring a few showers to the area for late
    tonight into Friday. Cooler temperatures and dry conditions are
    expected for the weekend.
    Mostly sunny, with a high near 75. Calm wind becoming west around 5 mph in the afternoon.
    Tonight
    A chance of showers, mainly after 2am. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 51. Calm wind. Chance of precipitation is 30%. New precipitation amounts of less than a tenth of an inch possible.
    Friday
    A chance of showers, mainly after 9am. Partly sunny, with a high near 66. Light southwest wind becoming west 10 to 15 mph in the morning. Winds could gust as high as 26 mph. Chance of precipitation is 40%. New precipitation amounts of less than a tenth of an inch possible.
     
    Mohawk Valley News Headlines, Thursday, October 6, 2022
     
    Daily Gazette
     
    Fulton County Board of Supervisors to vote on creating tourism division
    The Fulton County Board of Supervisors is poised to vote at next Tuesday’s meeting on a resolution to end its…
     
    https://dailygazette.com/
     
    RecorderNews
     
    Amsterdam’s annual Oktoberfest returns Saturday
    Oktoberfest takes place 11 a.m. to 7 p.m., live music, a beer stein hoisting competition, a yodeling contest and over 80 vendors, food trucks, arts and crafts, farm goods, a distillery, pretzel necklaces, and area restaurants will be offering food and beer specials.

    https://www.recordernews.com/

    Leader Herald

    Make Us A Part Of Your Day

    https://www.leaderherald.com/

    14 min
  • What date? October 5, 2022

    The Historians on the Radio and Internet

    Go Fund Me https://www.gofundme.com/f/the-historians-podcast-2022

    Public Radio Albany WMHT89.1FM

    Local Radio each Saturday

    12:05 and 12:35 p.m.(Back to Back Episodes) WCSS 106.9 FM/1490AM  

    Today

    Julian Shabazz is author of the book “Black Stars of Professional Wrestling: Second Edition.  It’s the story of the Black athletes who have participated in one of America's most popular sports entertainment events—professional wrestling.

    Thursday, October 6, 2022 Military plane crash in Amsterdam. Was it a bomber, guess not...

    Friday, October 7, 2022

    Episode 443

    How to write historical fiction with Alyson Richman, co-author with Shaunna Edwards of “The Thread Collectors,” a Civil War novel.

    Saturday, October 8, 2022-Pulitzer Prize finalist Nick Bunker discusses his book, “Young Benjamin Franklin: The Birth of Ingenuity.”

    Mohawk Valley Weather, Wednesday, October 5, 2022

    A slight chance of showers before 10am. Partly sunny, with a high near 69. Light and variable wind. Chance of precipitation is 20%.
    Wednesday Night
    Patchy fog between 2am and 3am. Otherwise, mostly clear, with a low around 43. Calm wind.
    Thursday
    Sunny, with a high near 74. Calm wind becoming west around 5 mph in the afternoon.
     
    Mohawk Valley News Headlines, Wednesday, October 5, 2022
     
    Daily Gazette
     
    Schenectady City Council to complete implicit bias training
    SCHENECTADY — A week after City Council members publicly accused each other of being racist, lawmakers on Monday agreed to participate…
     
    https://dailygazette.com/
     
    RecorderNews
     
    Amsterdam taps Brumley as financial consultant
     
    AMSTERDAM — Amsterdam hired Kim Brumley Tuesday to temporarily provide financial consulting...

    https://www.recordernews.com/

    Leader Herald

    Make Us A Part Of Your Day

    https://www.leaderherald.com/

    9 min
  • First, Check the Calender

    The Historians on the Web and Radio

    Go Fund Me and Thank You https://www.gofundme.com/f/the-historians-podcast-2022

    Public Radio Albany and Local Radio Amsterdam

    WMHT89.1FM Albany

    Saturday at 12:05 and 12:35 p.m. WCSS 106.9 FM/1490AM in Amsterdam 

    The young son of one of the fans squeezed under the big engine doors and with help from adults outside, figured out how to open a door to the structure.

    Riding on top of the caboose

    By Bob Cudmore

              A 1950 railfan excursion in the Mohawk Valley was enjoyed by all, even though some of the goings on would be frowned upon and perhaps grounds for legal action today.

              “Litigation didn’t seem to be on anyone’s mind,” wrote Edward Theisinger, who was among those who took the October, 1950 excursion trip on the Fonda, Johnstown & Gloversville Railroad (F.J. & G.).  Theisinger’s article about the adventure appeared in the summer 2004 edition of the magazine “Classic Trains.” 

    The excursion—including train transportation to Fonda from New York City—cost $5 per person.  The highlight was riding the F.J. & G. from Fonda to Johnstown, Gloversville, and Broadalbin and back on board two cabooses, two combines and a gondola powered by an Alco S-2 diesel engine.  By then, the local railroad was freight only.

    “We rode the length of the line up to Broadalbin, where a photo stop gave us an opportunity not only to take pictures but also literally crawl all over the equipment—and ride that way on the return trip,” Theisinger wrote.  Pictures from his article show railfans—some of the men wearing sport coats and fedoras--on top of the cabooses. 

    The railfans, according to Theisinger, even engaged in creative trespassing in an effort to view steam locomotives during the trip’s lunch break in Gloversville. 

    The attendees wondered where the F.J.& G. was storing its steam locomotives, as the line recently had switched to diesel power.  One participant found the building containing the steam engines. 

    The young son of one of the fans squeezed under the big engine doors and with help from adults outside, figured out how to open a door to the structure.

    Three Alco-made steam engines were found inside.  Theisinger said, “It was very dark in the engine house, but I took a photo anyway, just for the record to show we had finally found the steam engines.”

    Amsterdam history fan Emil Suda provided a copy of Theisinger’s article on the F.J. & G. trip.  Suda recently revived his interest in the local railroad by attending a program at the Fulton County Historical Society.

    Founded in 1867, the F.J. & G. at one time operated passenger electric trolley service in addition to its traditional railroad line.  Starting in 1903, you could take a trolley from Johnstown or Gloversville to Amsterdam and Hagaman, even Schenectady.  Trolley service ended in 1938, replaced by buses.  The railroad itself stopped operating in 1984 and parts of the roadbed in Fulton County have been converted to a rail trail for bicyclists and pedestrians.

    Wednesday

    Julian Shabazz is author of the book “Black Stars of Professional Wrestling: Second Edition.  It’s the story of the Black athletes who have participated in one of America's most popular sports entertainment events—professional wrestling.

    Thursday, October 6, 2022

    Military plane crash in Amsterdam. 

    Friday, October 7, 2022

    Off the Prsss

    Episode 443

    How to write historical fiction with Alyson Richman, co-author with Shaunna Edwards of “The Thread Collectors,” a Civil War novel.

    Mohawk Valley Weather, Tuesday, October 4, 2022

    Seasonably cool temperatures continue today with scattered showers
    mainly south and east of Albany. The cool conditions, clouds, and
    showers will linger into Wednesday south and east of Albany, but
    other locales will see milder temperatures and a clearing trend.
    Thursday will be mostly sunny and seasonably mild. A strong cold
    front will move through later Friday into Friday night, with showers
    possible along it and cooler temperatures in its wake for the
    weekend.
    Mostly cloudy, with a high near 58. Calm wind becoming northeast around 6 mph in the afternoon.
    Tonight
    Mostly cloudy, with a low around 43. Light and variable wind.
    Wednesday
    Mostly sunny, with a high near 69. Light and variable wind.
     
    Mohawk Valley News Headlines, Tuesday, October 4, 2022
     
    EDITORIAL: Free meals for all students improves education – for all
    Proper nutrition is proving to be a vital tool to improving education. And we’re not talking about health class. We’re…
     
    Montgomery County funds upgrades for Canajoharie park
    VILLAGE OF CANAJOHARIE — Upgrades including a new pavilion and playground are slated for Wintergreen Park in the village of…
     
    https://dailygazette.com/
     
    RecorderNews
     
    Former Bowler’s Brewery, All Seasons Motor Sports slated for demolition
     
    AMSTERDAM — Another crumbling building from Amsterdam’s industrial past will be torn down in the...

    https://www.recordernews.com/

    Leader Herald

    Make Us A Part Of Your Day

    https://www.leaderherald.com/

    10 min
  • About The Bomb

     Monday, October 3, 2022

    The story behind the story podcast-Atom bomb drills

    Tuesday, October 4, 2022

    Riding on the caboose.

    The attendees wondered where the F.J.& G. was storing its steam locomotives, as the line recently had switched to diesel power.  One participant found the building containing the steam engines. 

    Wednesday, October 5, From the Archives-July 13, 2018-Historians Episode 223-Julian Shabazz is author of the book “Black Stars of Professional Wrestling: Second Edition.  It’s the story of the Black athletes who have participated in one of America's most popular sports entertainment events—professional wrestling.

    Thursday, October 6, 2022

    Military plane crash in Amsterdam. 

    It was 9:45 p.m. on Wednesday, October 13 1943 when a twin-engine American Army plane crashed in a rural section of Amsterdam’s South Side as the plane’s four-man crew parachuted to safety in the city’s Fifth Ward.  Remarkably, there were no injuries.  The plane was on a flight between Rome and Schenectady when its engines went out.

    Friday, October 7, 2022-Episode 443-How to write historical fiction with Alyson Richman, co-author with Shaunna Edwards of “The Thread Collectors,” a Civil War novel.

    As these two women risk everything for love and freedom during the brutal Civil War, their paths converge in New Orleans, where an unexpected encounter leads them to discover that even the most delicate threads have the capacity to save us. Loosely inspired by the authors' family histories, this stunning novel will stay with listeners for a long time.

    Duck and cover

    By Bob Cudmore

       Edward F. Cushman, Amsterdam’s school superintendent, issued instructions for surviving an atomic bomb attack in October 1950.  It was the year the U.S.S.R. got the bomb.

       Cushman had become superintendent in 1943 and served until 1959, when he and his wife left for jobs with the Christian Children’s Fund in Richmond, Virginia.

       Atomic bomb drills then involved getting under our desks and sometimes meant lining up against a basement wall at Amsterdam’s Vrooman Avenue Elementary School.  In 1950 I was in Mrs. Campbell’s kindergarten class at Vrooman Avenue.   

       Amsterdam native Richard Sidlauscus found Superintendent Cushman’s memo while preparing for a move in 2006.

       “I was six years old and in first grade in Irene Balz’s class in the old Arnold Avenue School,” Sidlauscus wrote.  “Why I have this (memo) I can't recall.  I think we found it among my mother’s stuff after she passed away.”

       Cushman cited information from the State of New York, “At the suggestion of the State Education Department of Albany, we are handing out directions for pupils in case of an unexpected atomic bomb attack.  While there seems to be no probability at the present time of such an attack, these atomic bomb attacks might come without warning and the State Education Department feels that parents should have some information immediately regarding possible safeguards and treatments.  Further information undoubtedly will be supplied by the local Civilian Defense Authorities.”

       Amsterdam had a civil defense office in the city hall annex, a small building on the grounds of City Hall on Church Street. 

       Students were advised to get to cover if an air raid warning was given before the attack—a public shelter, the nearest building, your own cellar, even a tree “to shield you from burns” or a thick wall that was to protect against gamma rays.   

       If there was no warning and just a blinding glare in the sky, the advice was to turn your back on the blast “and drop to ground with face on arm, eyes closed” for a full minute.

       If indoors, the memo said students should drop to the floor or under desks, tables or beds with their backs to windows, “because of breaking glass.”  If there was time, the advice was to run to the basement.  In any event, the memo said to stay down for at least one minute.

       There were many points to remember after the attack, which was probably the encouraging news of the memo—the idea that boys and girls would survive the atomic bomb!

       “Wash yourself hard, all over,” Cushman wrote.  “Lacking soap and water, rub with paper or cloth.  This cuts radioactive contamination (most likely after an underwater burst or if wind or rain spread air-burst radiation).

       “Eat and drink nothing that has been exposed to radioactivity.  Tight containers—probably cans—are the one sure protection.  A Geiger counter will spot radioactivity in food or clothing.

       “Obey directions of proper authorities.  They must aid wounded, put out fires, clear streets, repair communications and so on.  In the first hours of a burst, you can help by doing just as you are told.” 

       In January 1951 a pamphlet entitled “You and the Atomic Bomb” was distributed to Amsterdam parents.  That March a film called “You Can Beat an A-Bomb” was shown at a citywide meeting.  Also screened was “A Tale of Two Cities” showing the devastating effect of America’s 1945 atomic attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.

       The powerful hydrogen bomb was developed in 1952.  There was news coverage of a nuclear bomb drill in 1955 involving a mock attack centered in the town of Florida.

    Mohawk Valley Weather, Monday, October 3, 2022

    This Afternoon
    Mostly sunny, with a high near 61. Northeast wind around 7 mph.
    Tonight
    Patchy frost after 2am. Otherwise, mostly cloudy, with a low around 34. Light and variable wind.
    Tuesday
    Patchy frost before 9am. Otherwise, partly sunny, with a high near 63. Calm wind becoming northeast around 5 mph in the afternoon.
     
    Mohawk Valley News Headlines, Monday, October 3, 2022
     
    Daily Gazette
     
    Gloversville City Council votes to change charter residency rules
    GLOVERSVILLE — In an attempt to expand the potential pool of available candidates, the Common Council voted 6-1 last Tuesday…
     
    https://dailygazette.com/
     
    RecorderNews
     
    Montgomery County funds upgrades for Canajoharie park
     
    VILLAGE OF CANAJOHARIE — Upgrades including a new pavilion and playground are slated for...

    https://www.recordernews.com/

    Leader Herald

    Make Us A Part Of Your Day

    https://www.leaderherald.com/

    10 min
  • Return with Us Now

    Scroll Down, not far for Duck and Cover, The Sunday Story

    Historians Go Fund Me 2022 https://www.gofundme.com/f/the-historians-podcast-2022

    Help keep The Historians on Albany Public Radio WMHT89.1FM

    This Friday, October 7, 2022 The Historians "How to write Historical Fiction"

    Monday, October 3, 2022- The story behind the story podcast-Atom bomb drills

    Tuesday, October 4, 2022-From the Archives of the Daily Gazette—Riding on the caboose.

              A 1950 railfan excursion in the Mohawk Valley was enjoyed by all, even though some of the goings on would be frowned upon and perhaps grounds for legal action today. 

    Wednesday, October 5, From the Archives-July 13, 2018-Historians Episode 223-Julian Shabazz is author of the book “Black Stars of Professional Wrestling: Second Edition.  It’s the story of the Black athletes who have participated in one of America's most popular sports entertainment events—professional wrestling.

    Thursday, October 6, 2022-From the Archives of the Daily Gazette—Military plane crash in Amsterdam. 

    Friday, October 7, 2022-Episode 443-How to write historical fiction with Alyson Richman, co-author with Shaunna Edwards of “The Thread Collectors,” a Civil War novel.

    ...to protect against gamma rays. 

    Duck and cover

    By Bob Cudmore, Sunday, October 2, 2022

       Edward F. Cushman, Amsterdam’s school superintendent, issued instructions for surviving an atomic bomb attack in October 1950.  It was the year the U.S.S.R. got the bomb.

       Cushman had become superintendent in 1943 and served until 1959, when he and his wife left for jobs with the Christian Children’s Fund in Richmond, Virginia.

       Atomic bomb drills then involved getting under our desks and sometimes meant lining up against a basement wall at Amsterdam’s Vrooman Avenue Elementary School.  In 1950 I was in Mrs. Campbell’s kindergarten class at Vrooman Avenue.   

       Amsterdam native Richard Sidlauscus found Superintendent Cushman’s memo while preparing for a move in 2006.

       “I was six years old and in first grade in Irene Balz’s class in the old Arnold Avenue School,” Sidlauscus wrote.  “Why I have this (memo) I can't recall.  I think we found it among my mother’s stuff after she passed away.”

       Cushman cited information from the State of New York, “At the suggestion of the State Education Department of Albany, we are handing out directions for pupils in case of an unexpected atomic bomb attack.  While there seems to be no probability at the present time of such an attack, these atomic bomb attacks might come without warning and the State Education Department feels that parents should have some information immediately regarding possible safeguards and treatments.  Further information undoubtedly will be supplied by the local Civilian Defense Authorities.”

       Amsterdam had a civil defense office in the city hall annex, a small building on the grounds of City Hall on Church Street. 

       Students were advised to get to cover if an air raid warning was given before the attack—a public shelter, the nearest building, your own cellar, even a tree “to shield you from burns” or a thick wall that was to protect against gamma rays.   

       If there was no warning and just a blinding glare in the sky, the advice was to turn your back on the blast “and drop to ground with face on arm, eyes closed” for a full minute.

       If indoors, the memo said students should drop to the floor or under desks, tables or beds with their backs to windows, “because of breaking glass.”  If there was time, the advice was to run to the basement.  In any event, the memo said to stay down for at least one minute.

       There were many points to remember after the attack, which was probably the encouraging news of the memo—the idea that boys and girls would survive the atomic bomb!

       “Wash yourself hard, all over,” Cushman wrote.  “Lacking soap and water, rub with paper or cloth.  This cuts radioactive contamination (most likely after an underwater burst or if wind or rain spread air-burst radiation).

       “Eat and drink nothing that has been exposed to radioactivity.  Tight containers—probably cans—are the one sure protection.  A Geiger counter will spot radioactivity in food or clothing.

       “Obey directions of proper authorities.  They must aid wounded, put out fires, clear streets, repair communications and so on.  In the first hours of a burst, you can help by doing just as you are told.” 

       In January 1951 a pamphlet entitled “You and the Atomic Bomb” was distributed to Amsterdam parents.  That March a film called “You Can Beat an A-Bomb” was shown at a citywide meeting.  Also screened was “A Tale of Two Cities” showing the devastating effect of America’s 1945 atomic attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.

       The powerful hydrogen bomb was developed in 1952.  There was news coverage of a nuclear bomb drill in 1955 involving a mock attack centered in the town of Florida.

    Mohawk Valley Weather, Sunday, October 2, 2022

    ...FROST ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 9 AM EDT MONDAY...
    * WHAT...Temperatures as low as 32 will result in frost
    formation.
    * WHERE...The Mohawk and Schoharie Valleys, Helderbergs, eastern
    Catskills, Saratoga region, upper Hudson Valley, northern and
    central Taconics, Berkshires, and eastern Windham County in
    southern Vermont
    * WHEN...From 1 AM to 9 AM EDT Monday.
    * IMPACTS...Frost could kill sensitive outdoor vegetation if left
    uncovered.
    PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
    Take steps now to protect tender plants from the cold.
    Today
    Mostly cloudy, with a high near 61. Northeast wind 8 to 11 mph, with gusts as high as 21 mph.
    Tonight
    Areas of frost after 5am. Otherwise, mostly cloudy, with a low around 35. Northeast wind 3 to 7 mph.
    Monday
    Areas of frost before 8am. Otherwise, mostly sunny, with a high near 62. Northeast wind 3 to 7 mph.
     
    Mohawk Valley News Headlines, Sunday, October 2, 2022
     
    Daily Gazette
     
    https://dailygazette.com/
     
    RecorderNews
     
    Hagaman Art Show this weekend
     
    The Hagaman Art Show returns this weekend, featuring just over 300 works by artists from around the Capital Region and beyond.It will be open from noon to 4 p.m. Saturday and Sunday at Pawling Hall.

    https://www.recordernews.com/

    Leader Herald

    Make Us A Part Of Your Day

    https://www.leaderherald.com/

    9 min
  • Spam/New Deal/A Long Swim

    Saturday, October 1, The Bob Cudmore conversation with David Fisk

    The Historians Sunday Read

    Atom Bomb Drills

    Cushman cited information from the State of New York, “At the suggestion of the State Education Department of Albany, we are handing out directions for pupils in case of an unexpected atomic bomb attack. 

    Focus on History from Daily Gazette and Amsterdam Recorder. 

    Historians Go Fund Me 2022 https://www.gofundme.com/f/the-historians-podcast-2022

    Help keep The Historians on Albany Public Radio WMHT89.1FM

    Next week on The Historians "How to write Historical Fiction"

    Episode 442-Retired Associated Press reporter Chris Carola takes a look at the life of Revolutionary War era Mohawk chief Joseph Brant.   A warrior and diplomat, Brant is memorialized with a sculpture of his face on the outside of the New York State Capitol in Albany.

    David Fiske with more on Joseph Brant in this article in New York Almanack. https://www.newyorkalmanack.com/author/dfiske/

    Mohawk Valley Weekend Weather, Saturday, October 1, 2022

    The remnants of post-tropical cyclone Ian will slowly track
    northeast across the mid Atlantic region through the weekend,
    while a large area of high pressure gradually builds southward
    across southeast Canada. Some moisture approaching from the
    south will result in some rain for areas south of Albany through
    today. As high pressure get closer on Sunday, drier conditions
    should prevail although it will be cool and breezy. Cool and
    mainly dry weather expected through Monday, as low pressure
    moves off the mid Atlantic coast and high pressure remains
    anchored over southeast Canada.
    A slight chance of rain after 2pm. Cloudy, with a high near 63. Calm wind becoming northeast around 6 mph in the afternoon. Chance of precipitation is 20%.
    Tonight
    Mostly cloudy, with a low around 46. Northeast wind 5 to 7 mph.
    Sunday
    Partly sunny, with a high near 59. Northeast wind 9 to 11 mph.
     
    Mohawk Valley News Headlines, Saturday, October 1, 2022
     
    Daily Gazette
     
    Schenectady native and longtime GE employee to celebrate 105th birthday
    It was only a little over a year ago that 104-year-old Niskayuna resident Genevieve Freer began using a walker. As…
     
    https://dailygazette.com/
     
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    High schools: Canajoharie/Fort Plain football overwhelms Corinth/Fort Edward/Hadley-Luzerne 67-6
     
    Canajoharie/Fort Plain’s Cody Hyney threw two touchdown passes to Zach Herget and ran for another...

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    Leader Herald

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    https://www.leaderherald.com/

    9 min
  • Back to the 1960s

    “During the last few months of his life,” Hatch said, “Robert Kennedy traveled from the burned out villages of South Vietnam to the hungry in Appalachia, from the slums of New York City to the migrant labor camps in California.  He had great feeling for these people.”

    Bobby Kennedy and Amsterdam

    By Bob Cudmore

       Senator Robert F. Kennedy was expected in Amsterdam on or about June 6, 1968, the day he died.  City resident Sam Vomero recalled a sign announcing the date of the pending visit as June 6 was posted in the window of Kennedy’s local Presidential campaign headquarters, the vacant Crown cigar store on East Main Street, a few doors west of Church Street.

       Assassin Sirhan Sirhan and som believe a second gunman shotat Kennedy early on the morning of June 5 as the Presidential candidate was being escorted through the crowded kitchen of the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles after announcing his victory in the California Democratic primary.  Kennedy died of his injuries the next day, June 6.

       Kennedy’s last words to the crowd in California had been “And it’s on to Chicago (where the Democratic convention would be held) and let’s win there.”  Kennedy was reportedly scheduled to head back for a campaign trip in New York right after the California primary.  A Recorder editorial on June 6 stated, “Plans had called for Senator Kennedy to be in Amsterdam later this week to open his Presidential campaign headquarters.”

       A memorial service for Senator Kennedy was held June 9 at what was then Amsterdam’s Lynch High School.  The speaker was Robert Lincoln Hatch, head of the school’s social studies department and a native of Boston who spoke with an accent reminiscent of the Kennedys.

       “During the last few months of his life,” Hatch said, “Robert Kennedy traveled from the burned out villages of South Vietnam to the hungry in Appalachia, from the slums of New York City to the migrant labor camps in California.  He had great feeling for these people.”

    HAPPIER DAYS

       Bobby Kennedy had visited Amsterdam on September 17 1960 when his brother Jack was running for President.  The younger Kennedy, then 34, addressed a fund raiser for the Montgomery County Democratic Committee at St. John’s Hall, now the Elks Lodge. 

       Bobby Kennedy also came to Amsterdam on October 19 1964 during his campaign for U.S. Senate.  Kennedy defeated one term Republican Senator Kenneth Keating in a national sweep for Democrats the year after President Kennedy was killed.

       In his Amsterdam visit Kennedy first stopped at Democratic headquarters in the former Enterprise Store on East Main Street.  Hugh Donlon reported in the Recorder that “great numbers” wanted to shake hands with the candidate.

       Kennedy then held a rally in the same Grove Street parking lot his brother had used in 1960 when campaigning for President in Amsterdam.  The older brother drew a crowd of 3,000 while an estimated 1,200 were on hand to hear Bobby Kennedy.  Skies were cloudy in 1964 and the event was threatened by rain.

       There was what Donlon called “a juvenile outburst” as the candidate was about to speak.  Kennedy got the crowd laughing as he said, “Senator Keating doesn’t like to read about yelling so please keep your voice down.  However, it’s all right with me.”

       Congressman Sam Stratton told the crowd Kennedy would carry Amsterdam by a wide margin.  The candidate was introduced by county Commissioner of Welfare Sasen Hage.

       Kennedy was on a road trip from Schenectady to a dinner at Syracuse University.  He also stopped in Canajoharie where he shook hands with mill workers. Over 100 students were excused from study halls to attend.  One heckler made remarks on the carpetbagger issue; Kennedy was a Massachusetts resident living in Virginia when he announced his New York U.S. Senate run.

       Kennedy won the 1964 Senate election by 700,000 votes statewide and took Montgomery County by 3,000 votes.  President Johnson took New York by 2.6 million votes and won Montgomery County over Barry Goldwater by 10,000 votes.

    Tomorrow, Friday, September 30, 2022

    Episode 442

    Friday Interview 29 Minutes

    Veteran Associated Press reporter Chris Carola, now a freelance writer, takes a look at the life of Revolutionary War era Mohawk chief Joseph Brant.

       

    This Weekend with Bob Cudmore and The Historians

    Saturday, October 1, From the Archives, September 21, 2018-Historians Podcast Episode 233 David Fiske talks about Charles Zimmy’s epic Hudson River swim from Albany to Manhattan in 1937.

    Sunday, October 2, Focus on History from Daily Gazette and Amsterdam Recorder.  Atom bomb drills in Amsterdam, N.Y.

    Mohawk Valley Weather, Thursday, September 29, 2022

    ...FROST ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 1 AM TO 8 AM EDT FRIDAY...
    * WHAT...Temperatures as low as 32 will result in frost
    formation.
    * WHERE...Portions of the southern Adirondacks, Mohawk Valley,
    Lake George Saratoga Region, northern Taconics, Helderbergs,
    eastern Catskills, and Schoharie Valley in eastern New York as
    well as Southern Vermont and Berkshire County in Massachusetts.
    * WHEN...From 1 AM to 8 AM EDT Friday.
    * IMPACTS...Frost could kill sensitive outdoor vegetation if left
    uncovered.
    Today
    Mostly sunny, with a high near 63. North wind 5 to 7 mph.
    Tonight
    Patchy fog after midnight. Otherwise, mostly clear, with a low around 34. Light and variable wind.
    Friday
    Patchy fog before 9am. Patchy frost before 8am. Otherwise, mostly sunny, with a high near 64. Calm wind.
     
    Mohawk Valley News Headlines, Thursday, September 29, 2022
     
    Daily Gazette
     
    https://dailygazette.com/
     
    RecorderNews
     
    Amsterdam plans 2nd Improve Our Neighborhoods Initiative
     
    AMSTERDAM — Residents of Amsterdam’s lower Market Hill neighborhood next week will have a...

    https://www.recordernews.com/

    Leader Herald

    Make Us A Part Of Your Day

    https://www.leaderherald.com/

    13 min

About The Historians

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The Historians is a weekly audio interview podcast that features authors and other guests who discuss the rich heritage of the Mohawk Valley NY region and the nation.