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Welcome to this final episode in our season on the history of the Eastern Church. Today, we arrive at the threshold of the modern era, where the clash of ideas between East and West is no longer only about emperors, councils, and icons, but about doctrine itself. In the seventeenth century, the Orthodox world faced one of its most profound internal challenges when Cyril Lucaris—Patriarch of Constantinople—penned what came to be known as The Eastern Confession of the Christian Faith.

The response came swiftly and decisively in The Confession of Dositheus—issued at the Synod of Jerusalem in 1672. This was no mild correction, but a thundering declaration that Orthodoxy would remain firmly opposed to Protestant innovations, reaffirming the authority of tradition, the necessity of the sacraments, and the enduring role of the Church’s magic and mystery.

In this episode, we’ll trace the dramatic story of these two rival confessions, explore what was really at stake, and reflect on how these texts reveal the deep fissures and convictions of a church caught between East and West. And, as always, we’ll ask the question: What can I, as an evangelical Christian, learn from this moment in history today?

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