Julius Caesar by Jacob Abbott is a 19th-century biography from the Makers of History series. Born in 100 BCE, Caesar emerged amidst the turmoil of the Roman Republic's political strife. He aligned with figures like Gaius Marius and later Marcus Licinius Crassus, gaining military renown through campaigns in Spain and Gaul. His charisma and strategic acumen solidified his standing.Caesar's rivalry with Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus triggered the Roman Civil War, culminating in his appointment as dictator in 49 BCE. During his dictatorship, he initiated reforms addressing corruption and inequality and introduced the Julian calendar. However, his mounting power sparked unease, leading to his assassination by senators, including Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, in 44 BCE. This event reshaped Roman history.